Carbamyloxy compounds which inhibit leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are compounds which bind VLA-4. Certain of these compounds also inhibit leukocyte adhesion and, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Such compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in a mammalian patient, e.g., human, such as asthma, Alzheimer&#39;s disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis and myocardial ischemia. The compounds can also be administered for the treatment of inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 09/126,958,filed on Jul. 31, 1998.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/112,020, filed Jul. 31, 1997, which was converted pursuant to 37C.F.R. §1.53(c)(2)(i) from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/904,424,filed Jul. 31, 1997; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/054,453,filed Aug. 1, 1997, which applications are incorporated herein byreference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

This invention relates to compounds which inhibit leukocyte adhesionand, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA4.

REFERENCES

The following publications, patents and patent applications are cited inthis application as superscript numbers:

¹Hemler and Takada, European Patent Application Publication No. 330,506,published Aug. 30, 1989

²Elices, et al., Cell, 60:577-584 (1990)

³Springer, Nature, 346:425-434 (1990)

⁴Osbom, Cell, 62:3-6 (1990)

⁵Vedder, et al., Surgery, 106:509 (1989)

⁶Pretolani, et al., J. Exp. Med., 180:795 (1994)

⁷Abraham, et al., J. Clin. Invest., 93:776 (1994)

⁸Mulligan, et al., J. Immunology, 150:2407 (1993)

⁹Cybulsky, et al., Science, 251:788 (1991)

¹⁰Li, et a l., Arterioscler. Thromb., 13:197 (1993)

¹¹Sasseville, et al., Am. J. Path., 144:27 (1994)

¹²Yang, et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Science (USA), 90:10494 (1993)

¹³Burkly, et al., Diabetes, 43:529 (1994)

¹⁴Baron, et al., J. Clin. Invest., 93:1700 (1994)

¹⁵Hamann, et al., J. Immunology, 152:3238 (1994)

¹⁶Yednock, et al., Nature, 356:63 (1992)

¹⁷Baron, et al., J. Exp. Med., 177:57 (1993)

¹⁸van Dinther-Janssen, et al., J. Immunology, 147:4207 (1991)

¹⁹van Dinther-Janssen, et al., Annals. Rheumatic Dis., 52:672 (1993)

²⁰Elices, et al., J. Clin. Invest., 93:405 (1994)

²¹Postigo, et al., J. Clin. Invest., 89:1445 (1991)

²²Paul, et al., Transpl. Proceed., 25:813 (1993)

²³Okarhara, et al., Can. Res., 54:3233 (1994)

²⁴Paavonen, et al., Int. J. Can., 58:298 (1994)

²⁵Schadendorf, et al., J. Path., 170:429 (1993)

²⁶Bao, et al., Diff, 52:239 (1993)

²⁷Lauri, et al., British J. Cancer, 68:862 (1993)

²⁸Kawaguchi, et al., Japanese J. Cancer Res., 83:1304 (1992)

²⁹Kogan, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,510,332, issued Apr. 23, 1996

³⁰International Patent Appl. Publication No. WO 96/01644

All of the above publications, patents and patent applications areherein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent asif each individual publication, patent or patent application wasspecifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by referencein its entirety.

STATE OF THE ART

VLA-4 (also referred to as α4β1 integrin and CD49d/CD29), firstidentified by Hemler and Takada¹ is a member of the β1 integrin familyof cell surface receptors, each of which comprises two subunits, an achain and a β chain. VLA-4 contains an α4 chain and a β1 chain. Thereare at least nine β1 integrins, all sharing the same β1 chain and eachhaving a distinct a chain. These nine receptors all bind a differentcomplement of the various cell matrix molecules, such as fibronectin,laminin, and collagen. VLA-4, for example, binds to fibronectin. VLA-4is unique among β₁ integrins in that it also binds non-matrix moleculesthat are expressed by endothelial and other cells. These non-matrixmolecules include VCAM-1, which is expressed on cytokine-activated humanumbilical vein endothelial cells in culture. Distinct epitopes of VLA-4are responsible for the fibronectin and VCAM-1 binding activities andeach activity has been shown to be inhibited independently.²

Intercellular adhesion mediated by VLA-4 and other cell surfacereceptors is associated with a number of inflammatory responses. At thesite of an injury or other inflammatory stimulus, activated vascularendothelial cells express molecules that are adhesive for leukocytes.The mechanics of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells involves, inpart, the recognition and binding of cell surface receptors onleukocytes to the corresponding cell surface molecules on endothelialcells. Once bound, the leukocytes migrate across the blood vessel wallto enter the injured site and release chemical mediators to combatinfection. For reviews of adhesion receptors of the immune system, see,for example, Springer³ and Osborn⁴.

Inflammatory brain disorders, such as experimental autoimmuneencephalomyelitis (EAE), multiple sclerosis (MS) and meningitis, areexamples of central nervous system disorders in which theendothelium/leukocyte adhesion mechanism results in destruction tootherwise healthy brain tissue. Large numbers of leukocytes migrateacross the blood brain barrier (BBB) in subjects with these inflammatorydiseases. The leukocytes release toxic mediators that cause extensivetissue damage resulting in impaired nerve conduction and paralysis.

In other organ systems, tissue damage also occurs via an adhesionmechanism resulting in migration or activation of leukocytes. Forexample, it has been shown that the initial insult following myocardialischemia to heart tissue can be further complicated by leukocyte entryto the injured tissue causing still further insult (Vedder et al.⁵).Other inflammatory conditions mediated by an adhesion mechanism include,by way of example, asthma⁶⁻⁸, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis⁹⁻¹⁰,AIDS dementia¹¹, diabetes¹²⁻¹⁴ (including acute juvenile onsetdiabetis), inflammatory bowel disease¹⁵ (including ulcerative colitisand Crohn's disease), multiple sclerosis¹⁶⁻¹⁷, rheumatoidarthritis¹⁸⁻²¹, tissue transplantation²², tumor metastasis²³⁻²⁸,meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, and other cerebral traumas, nephritis,retinitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, myocardial ischemia and acuteleukocyte-mediated lung injury such as that which occurs in adultrespiratory distress syndrome.

In view of the above, assays for determining the VLA-4 level in abiological sample containing VLA-4 would be useful, for example, todiagnosis VLA-4 mediated conditions. Additionally, despite theseadvances in the understanding of leukocyte adhesion, the art has onlyrecently addressed the use of inhibitors of adhesion in the treatment ofinflammatory brain diseases and other inflammatory conditions^(29,30).The present invention addresses these and other needs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention provides compounds which bind to VLA-4. Such compoundscan be used, for example, to assay for the presence of VLA-4 in a sampleand, in pharmaceutical compositions to inhibit cellular adhesionmediated by VLA-4, for example, binding of VCAM-1 to VLA-4. Thecompounds of this invention have a binding affinity to VLA-4 asexpressed by an IC₅₀ of about 15 μM or less (measured as described inExample A below) which compounds are defined by formula I below:

wherein

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl,aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,heterocyclic, substituted heterocylic, heteroaryl and substitutedheteroaryl;

R² is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, substituted cycloalkenyl,heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, substituted alkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, and R¹ and R²together with the nitrogen atom bound to R² and the SO₂ group bound toR¹ can form a heterocyclic or a substituted heterocyclic group;

R³ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substitutedalkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and, when R² does not form a heterocyclic group with R¹, R²and R³ together with the nitrogen atom bound to R² and the carbon atombound to R³ can form a heterocyclic or a substituted heterocyclic group;

R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′) where R^(5′) is selected from the groupconsisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R^(8′) and —O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) areindependently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic,substituted heterocyclic, and where R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form aheterocycle or a substituted heterocycle, R¹² is selected from the groupconsisting of heterocycle and substituted heterocycle, and Z is selectedfrom the group consisting of —C(O)— and —SO₂—,

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl,

x is an integer of from 1 to 4;

Q is —C(X)NR⁷— wherein R⁷ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and alkyl; and X is selected from the group consisting ofoxygen and sulfur;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

In another embodiment, the compounds of this invention can also beprovided as prodrugs which convert (e.g., hydrolyze, metabolize, etc.)in vivo to a compound of formula I above. In a preferred example of suchan embodiment, the carboxylic acid group of the compound of formula I ismodified into a group which, in vivo, will convert to a carboxylic acidgroup (including salts thereof). In a particularly preferred embodiment,such prodrugs are represented by compounds of formula IA:

wherein

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl,aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,heterocyclic, substituted heterocylic, heteroaryl and substitutedheteroaryl;

R² is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, substituted cycloalkenyl,heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, substituted alkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, and R¹ and R²together with the nitrogen atom bound to R² and the SO₂ group bound toR¹ can form a heterocyclic or a substituted heterocyclic group;

R³ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substitutedalkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and, when R² does not form a heterocyclic group with R¹, R²and R³ together with the nitrogen atom bound to R² and the carbon atombound to R³ can form a heterocyclic or a substituted heterocyclic group;

R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′) where R^(5′) is selected from the groupconsisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R⁸ and —O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) areindependently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic,substituted heterocyclic, and where R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form aheterocycle or a substituted heterocycle, R¹² is selected from the groupconsisting of heterocycle and substituted heterocycle, and Z is selectedfrom the group consisting of —C(O)— and —SO₂—,

Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl,

x is an integer of from 1 to 4;

R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of2,4-dioxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl(3,4-enol), amino, alkoxy, substitutedalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, —O—(N-succinimidyl),—NH-adamantyl, —O-cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —NHOY where Y is hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl, —NH(CH₂)_(p)COOY where pis an integer of from 1 to 8 and Y is as defined above, —OCH₂NR⁹R¹⁰where R⁹ is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-aryl and—C(O)-substituted aryl and R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and —CH₂COOR¹¹ where R¹¹ is alkyl, and —NHSO₂Z′ where Z′ isalkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic;

Q is —C(X)NR⁷— wherein R⁷ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and alkyl; and X is selected from the group consisting ofoxygen and sulfur;

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof with the followingprovisos

(A) when R¹ and R² together with the SO₂ group pendent to R¹ and thenitrogen pendent to R² form a saccharin-2-yl group, R³ is —CH₃, R⁵ isp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl and Q is —C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃;

(B) when R¹ is p-methylphenyl, R² and R³ together with the nitrogen atompendent to R² and the carbon atom pendent to R³ form a pyrrodinyl ringderived from D-proline; R⁵ is p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)NC(O)O-]benzylderived from D-phenylalanine and Q is —C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃;

(C) when R¹ is pyrimidin-2-yl, R² and R³ together with the nitrogen atombound to R² and the carbon atom bound to R³ form a pyrrolidinyl ring, R⁵is p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl and Q is —C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃.

(D) when R¹ is p-methylphenyl, R² and R³ together with the nitrogen atompendent to R² and the carbon atom pendent to R³ form a(2S)-piperazin-2-carbonyl ring; R⁵ is p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl and Q is—C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃.

Preferably, in the compounds of formula I and IA above, R¹ is selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocylic, heteroaryl and substitutedheteroaryl. Even more preferably R¹ is selected from the groupconsisting of methyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, benzyl, phenethyl, phenyl,4-methylphenyl, 4-t-butylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2-fluorophenyl,3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl,3,5-difluorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl,3,4-dichlorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl,4-bromophenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl,3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 4-t-butoxyphenyl,4-(3′-dimethylamino-n-propoxy)phenyl, 2-carboxyphenyl,2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl, 4-(H₂NC(O)-)phenyl, 4-(H₂NC(S)-)phenyl,4-cyanophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl,3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 4-aminophenyl,4-(CH₃C(O)NH-)phenyl, 4-(PhNHC(O)NH-)phenyl, 4-amidinophenyl,4-methylamidinophenyl, 4-(CH₃SC(═NH)-)phenyl,4-chloro-3-(H₂NS(O)₂-)phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, pyridin-2-yl,pyridin-3-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, quinolin-8-yl,2-(trifluoroacetyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-yl, morpholin-4-yl,2-thienyl, 5-chloro-2-thienyl, 2,5-dichloro-4-thienyl,1-N-methylimidazol-4-yl, 1-N-methylpyrazol-3-yl, 1-N-methylpyrazol4-yl,1-N-butylpyrazol4-yl, 1-N-methyl-3-methyl-5-chloropyrazol-4-yl,1-N-methyl-5-methyl-3-chloropyrazol-4-yl, 2-thiazolyl and5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl.

Preferably, in the compounds of formula I and IA above, R² is hydrogen,methyl, phenyl, benzyl, —(CH₂)₂-2-thienyl, and —(CH₂)₂-φ.

In one embodiment, R¹ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bound to R²and the SO₂ group bound to R¹ are joined to form a heterocyclic group orsubstituted heterocyclic group. Preferred heterocyclic and substitutedheterocyclic groups include those having from 5 to 7 ring atoms having 2to 3 heteroatoms in the ring selected from the group consisting ofnitrogen, oxygen and sulfur which ring is optionally fused to anotherring such as a phenyl or cyclohexyl ring to provide for a fused ringheterocycle of from 10 to 14 ring atoms having 2 to 4 heteroatoms in thering selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur.Specifically preferred R¹/R² joined groups include, by way of example,benzisothiazolonyl (saccharin-2-yl), N-2,10-camphorsultamyl and1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-benzisothiazol-2-yl.

In one preferred embodiment, R² and R³ together with the nitrogen atombound to R² substituent and the carbon bound to the R³ substituent forma heterocyclic group or a substituted heterocyclic group of 4 to 6 ringatoms having 1 to 2 heteroatoms in the ring selected from the groupconsisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur which ring is optionallysubstituted with 1 to 2 substituents selected from the group consistingof fluoro, methyl, hydroxy, oxo (═O), amino, phenyl, thiophenyl,thiobenzyl, (thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O—, CH₃S(O)₂— and CH₃S(O)₂O—, or canbe fused to another ring such as a phenyl or cycloalkyl ring to providefor a fused ring heterocycle of from 10 to 14 ring atoms having 1 to 2heteroatoms in the ring selected from the group consisting of nitrogen,oxygen and sulfur. Such heterocyclic rings include azetidinyl (e.g.,L-azetidinyl), thiazolidinyl (e.g., L-thiazolidinyl), piperidinyl (e.g.,L-piperidinyl), piperazinyl (e.g., L-piperazinyl), dihydroindolyl (e.g.,L-2,3-dihydroindol-2-yl), tetrahydroquinolinyl (e.g.,L-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-2-yl), thiomorpholinyl (e.g.,L-thiomorpholin-3-yl), pyrrolidinyl (e.g., L-pyrrolidinyl), substitutedpyrrolidinyl such as 4-hydroxypyrrolidinyl (e.g., 4-α-(orβ-)hydroxy-L-pyrrolidinyl), 4-oxopyrrolidinyl (e.g.,4-oxo-L-pyrolidinyl), 4-fluoropyrrolidinyl (e.g., 4-α-(orβ-)fluoro-L-pyrrolidinyl), 4,4-difluoropyrrolidinyl (e.g.,4,4-difluoro-L-pyrrolidinyl), 4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylC(O)O-)pyrrolidinyl(e.g., 4-α-(or β-)-(thiomorpholin-4-ylC(O)O-)-L-pyrrolidinyl,4-(CH₃S(O)₂O-)pyrrolidinyl (e.g., 4-α-(orβ-)(CH₃S(O)₂O-)-L-pyrrolidinyl, 3-phenylpyrrolidinyl (e.g., 3-α-(orβ-)phenyl-L-pyrrolidinyl), 3-thiophenylpyrrolidinyl (e.g., 3-α-(orβ-)-thiophenyl-L-pyrrolidinyl), 4-aminopyrrolidinyl (e.g., 4-α-(orβ-)amino-L-pyrrolidinyl), 3-methoxypyrrolidinyl (e.g., 3-α-(orβ-)methoxy-L-pyrrolidinyl), 4,4-dimethylpyrrolidinyl, substitutedpiperazinyl such as 4-N-Cbz-piperazinyl and 4-(CH₃S(O)₂-)piperazinyl,substituted thiazolidinyl such as 5,5-dimethylthiazolindin-4-yl,1,1-dioxo-thiazolidinyl (e.g., L-1,1-dioxo-thiazolidin-2-yl),substituted 1,1-dioxo-thiazolidinyl such asL-1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-2-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholinyl(e.g., L-1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-3-yl) and the like.

Preferably, in the compounds of formula I and IA above, R³ includes allof the isomers arising by substitution with methyl, phenyl, benzyl,diphenylmethyl, —CH₂CH₂—COOH, —CH₂—COOH, 2-amidoethyl, iso-butyl,t-butyl, —CH₂O-benzyl and hydroxymethyl. Additionally, in anotherpreferred embodiment, R³ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bound toR² can form a heterocyclic group or substituted heterocyclic group.

Q is preferably —C(O)NH— or —C(S)NH—.

Ar is preferably aryl or substituted aryl and, even more preferably, isphenyl or substituted phenyl. Preferably, x is 1.

R⁵ is preferably selected from all possible isomers arising bysubstitution with the following groups:

3-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl,

4-[(piperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(piperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(1′-methylpiperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-formyloxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-carboxylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(3′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-phenyl-1′-Boc-piperidin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-piperidon-1′-yl ethylene ketal)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(piperazin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(1′-Boc-piperazin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-methylhomopiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-phenylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-acetylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(phenylC(O)-)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(pyridin-ylC(O)-)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(O)-)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(S)-)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl-C(O)O-)benzyl,

4-[(4′-trifluoromethanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl-C(O)O-)benzyl,

4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-benzyl,

3-nitro-4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl sulfone)-C(O)O-]benzyl, (alternativenomenclature 4-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl),

4-[(pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-methylpyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(methoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(N-methyl-N-toluene-4-sulfonylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(morpholin-4′-yl)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[bis(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(2′-(formyloxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,

4-[(CH₃OC(O)CH₂)HNC(O)O-]benzyl,

4[2′-(phenylNHC(O)O-)ethyl-]HNC(O)O-]benzyl,

3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,

3-chloro-4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

3-chloro-4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,

3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, and

3-fluoro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl.

In another embodiment, R⁵ is selected to form dimeric compounds of theformula:

wherein each R¹, R² and R³ is as defined herein; Y is OH or R⁶, where R⁶is as defined herein; and A is a divalent group of the formula:

—OC(O)N(R^(b))—R^(a)—(R^(b))NC(O)O—

or

wherein each R^(a) is independently selected from the group consistingof alkylene and substituted alkylene; each R^(b) is independentlyselected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substitutedalkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, aryl,substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cyclalkyl, cycloalkenyl,substituted cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic; and pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts thereof. Preferably, R^(a) is ethylene (i.e.,—CH₂CH₂—).

In the compounds of formula IA, R⁶ is preferably2,4-dioxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl (3,4-enol), methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy,isopropoxy, n-butoxy, t-butoxy, cyclopentoxy, cyclopropylmethoxy,neopentoxy, 2-α-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy,2-β-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy, 2-methoxyphenoxy,2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy, —O(CH₂CH₂O)₂CH₃, 2-(phenoxy)ethoxy,—OCH₂C(CH₃)₂NHBoc, —NH₂, benzyloxy, —NHCH₂COOH, —NHCH₂CH₂COOH,—NH-adamantyl, —NHSO₂-p-CH₃-φ, —NHCH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃, —NHOY′ where Y′ ishydrogen, methyl, iso-propyl or benzyl, O—(N-succinimidyl),—O-cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —OCH₂—OC(O)C(CH₃)₃, —O(CH₂)_(z)NHC(O)W where zis 1 or 2 and W is selected from the group consisting of pyrid-3-yl,N-methylpyridyl, and N-methyl-1,4-dihydro-pyrid-3-yl, —NR″C(O)—R′ whereR′ is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic and R″ is hydrogen or—CH₂C(O)OCH₂CH₃.

Preferred compounds within the scope of formula I and IA above includeby way of example:

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninen-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninecyclopentyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninecyclopentyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(α-toluenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-methylisonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(α-toluenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1-tert-butylcarbonyloxy-4-phenylpiperidin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(α-toluenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(piperazin-2-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(α-toluenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineN-adamantyl amide

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanylglycine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(piperazin-2-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-benzyloxycarbonylpiperazin-2-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-D-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineneopentyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineneopentyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-tert-butyloxycarbonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(pyrimidine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1-tert-butyloxycarbonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)-3-nitrophenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1-tert-butyloxycarbonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methyl-2-(tert-butyl)glycinyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine tert-butyl ester

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

3-[N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-N-methylamino]-1-[1-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-2-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylethyl]azetidine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyrimidine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

3-[N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-N-methylamino]-1-[1-carboxy-2-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylethyl]azetidine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(2,5-dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(2-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineiso-propyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-acetylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-phenylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionyl-L-4-(4′-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine(N′-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-amino-2-methylpropyl)ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-acetylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-(morpholin-4′-yl)ethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(4′-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)-L-phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-formyloxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toulene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methoxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methoxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-trans-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(morpholino-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(morpholino-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(2-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(2,5-dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N,-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,5-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3-chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2-chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3-chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-3-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(3-chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(3-chloro-4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thioprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(2,5-dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbarnyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(8-quinolinesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbarnyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(8-quinolinesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(8-quinolinesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisoproplyl ester

N-(8-quinolinesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(pyridime-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(3-sulfonamido-4-chloro-benzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxothiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(2,4-difluorobenzenefulfonyl)-L-(1-oxothiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-dimethylpropyl ester

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-dimethylpropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninecyclopropylmethyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninecyclopropylmethyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-methoxyphenyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-propyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-dimethylpropionyloxymethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(4′-(2′-aminoethyl)morpholino)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[4-(carboxy)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-trifluoromethanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-(N-phenylurea)benzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(2-trifluoroacetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(pyridine-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(pyridine-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiapropyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethycarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2′-pyridyl)-piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2′-pyridyl)-piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylcarbamylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylcarbamylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-n-butylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyridin-4-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-trans-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4,4-difluoro)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4,4-difluoro)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester

N-(3-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbanyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[N-methyl-N-(2-(N′-methyl-N′-toluenesulfonyl-amino)ethyl)carbamyloxy]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[N-(2-(N′-phenylaminocarbonyloxy)ethyl)carbamyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-4-(trans-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-4-(trans-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic acidbis-{4-[(2S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-((4R)-5,5-dimethyl-3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}ester

piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic acidbis-{4-[(2S)-2-carboxy-2-((4R)-5,5-dimethyl-3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(pyrazin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(2-methoxycarbonylpyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic acidbis-{4-[(2S)-2-isopropoxycarbonyl-2-((2R)-1-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-4-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-fluoro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-methanesulfonylpyrazin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-[2-(1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-benzisothiazol-2-yl)acetyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-bromobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-bromobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanine

piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic acidbis-{4-[(2S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-((2R)-1-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanine

N-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-bromobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(N-phenylthiocarbonyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(4-methylhomopiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic acidbis-{4-[(2S)-2-carboxyl-2-((2R)-1-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-(methanesulfonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-aminocarbonylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-aminocarbonylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)thiazolidinyl-2-carbonyl-L-4-(4-methylhomopiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-methanesulfonylpyrazin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-(methanesulfonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(methanesulfonyl)-N-benzylglycinyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-bromobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester

N-(1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-phenoxyethyl ester

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(1-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineethyl ester

N-(3-chloro-1,5-dimethylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as well as any of theester compounds recited above wherein one ester is replaced with anotherester selected from the group consisting of methyl ester, ethyl ester,n-propyl ester, isopropyl ester, n-butyl ester, isobutyl ester,sec-butyl ester, tert-butyl ester and neopentyl ester.

This invention also provides methods for binding VLA-4 in a biologicalsample which method comprises contacting the biological sample with acompound of formula I or IA above under conditions wherein said compoundbinds to VLA-4.

Certain of the compounds of formula I and IA above are also useful inreducing VLA-4 mediated inflammation in vivo.

This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising apharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effectiveamount of one or more of the compounds of formula I or IA above with theexception that R³ and R⁵ are derived from L-amino acids or othersimilarly configured starting materials (alternatively racemic mixturescan be used).

The pharmaceutical compositions may be used to treat VLA-4 mediateddisease conditions. Such disease conditions include, by way of example,asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes(including acute juvenile onset diabetis), inflammatory bowel disease(including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), multiple sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis,meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, and other cerebral traumas, nephritis,retinitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, myocardial ischemia and acuteleukocyte-mediated lung injury such as that which occurs in adultrespiratory distress syndrome.

Accordingly, this invention also provides methods for the treatment ofan inflammatory disease in a patient mediated by VLA-4 which methodscomprise administering to the patient the pharmaceutical compositionsdescribed above.

Preferred compounds of formula I and IA above include those set forth inTable I below:

TABLE IA

R¹ R² R³ R⁵ R^(6′) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —O-n-butyl 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —O-cyclopentyl 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O-n-butyl 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O-cyclopentyl 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(piperidin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic m-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-4-phenylpiperidin-4-yl)- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— p-CH₃-φ- CH₃— H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂p-CH₃-φ- CH₃— H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-CH₃-φ- CH₃— Hp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-NH₂-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- CH₃— H p-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂— (L-piperizinyl) φ-CH₂—R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —NH-adamantyl 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—NHCH₂C(O)OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[CH₃S(O)₂NH-]benzyl- —OCH₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂—(L-piperizinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₃CH₂— (Cbz)NHCH₂— [L-4-N-(Cbz)- piperizinyl] p-CH₃-φ- CH₃—H p-[(piperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ Hp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—SO₂—C(CH₃)₂—(L-1,1-dioxo-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—SO₂—C(CH₃)₂—(L-1,1-dioxo-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 3-pyridyl-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(D-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ —CH₃p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-nitro-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ-—CH₃ H p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃—CH₃ p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl sulfone)- —OH 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)1p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolindinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH₂C(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂C(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) R¹/R² = —CH₃ p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ saccharin-2-yl- R¹/R² = —CH₃ p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OHsaccharin-2-yl- p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ H p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl sulfone)-—OC(CH₃)₃ C(O)O-]benzyl- p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ Hp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ —CH₃p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- -CH₃ H p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl sulfone)- —OH C(O)O-]benzyl-p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—(L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ —CH₃p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-nitro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-N≡C-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—(L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiazolidin-4-yl) p-F₃C-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-])benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—(L-1,1- dioxothiazolidin-4-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiazolidin-4-yl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- 2,4-dioxo- 3 carbon atomstetrahydrofuran-3- (L-pyrrolidinyl) yl (3,4-enol) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-yl)- —OCH₂CH₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-nitro-4-[(morpholin-4-yl)- —OH 3 carbon atoms C(O)O-]benzyl-(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- —CH₃ —C(CH₃)₃p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ p-F-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicP-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—C(O)O-]benzyl- (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—C(O)O-]benzyl- (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carhon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-F₃CO-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₃— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—SO₂—C(CH₃)₂—(L-1,1-dioxo-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—SO₂—C(CH₃)₂— (L-1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OH —CH₂—SO₂—C(CH₃)₂— (L-1,1-dioxo-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)pyrimidin-2-yl R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—(L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiazolidin-4-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ -CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiazolidin-4-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiazolidin-4-yl) 2,5-dichlorothien-3- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃C(O)NH-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-C(CH₃)₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) pyridin-2-yl R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) o-F-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—(L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃C(O)NH-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-C(F)₃O-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-N≡C-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) morpholin-4-ly- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— (L-4,4-dimethylpyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— (L-4,4-dimethyl pyrrolidinyl)1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —°C(CH₃)₃—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃C(O)NH-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-(CH₃)₃C-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-N≡C-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-C(O)O- —OCH₂CH₃ 3carbon atoms ]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-C(O)O- —OH 3 carbon atoms]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-yl)- —OH 3 carbon atoms C(O)O-]benzyl-(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-φ-piperazin-1-yl)C(O)(O)-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) R¹/R² = —CH₃ p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OH saccharin-2-yl- p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂— (L-piperizinyl) p-F₃CO-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—C(CH₃)₂—(4,4-dimethyl pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— (4,4-dimethylpyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃C(O)NH-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) o-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) morpholin-4-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) morpholin-4-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl-—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) o-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3- yl)pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) pyridin-2-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl-—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-φ-piperazin-1-yl)C(O)(O)-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—O—CH₂C(CH₃)₂— 3 carbon atoms NHC(O)OC(CH₃)₃ (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O—CH₂CH₂— 3 carbon atoms(morpholin-4 yl) (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-(CH₃)₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 2,5-dichlorothien-3- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OH —CH₂—CH₂—C(CH₃)₂— (4,4-dimethyl pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-methylpiperizin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]-benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]-benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(morpholin-4-yl)-CH₂CH₂NHC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-C(O)O- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]-benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-2-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—CH₂—S(O)—CH₂—(L-1- oxothiomorpholin-4- yl) 4-Cl-3-(NH₂—SO₂-)- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ φ- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]-benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[HOCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl-C(O)O-]- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp[(2-(CH₃OC(O)-)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp[(4-(HC(O)O-)piperidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp[(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(CH₃CH₂OC(O)-)piperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(HOCH₂CH₂-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[HC(O)OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-(HOCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-]CH₃OC(O)CH₂NHC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)quinolin-8-yl- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]-benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S(O)—CH₂— (L-1-oxothiomorpholin-4- yl) 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) p-H₂N-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)quinolin-8-yl- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S(O)—CH₂— (L-1-oxothiomorpholin-4- yl) 1-n-butylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-3- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 2-(CF₃C(O)-)- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- 3 carbon atomsisoquinolin-7-yl (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(φNHC(O)-)-piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[4-(pyridin-4-ylC(O))piperazin-1-yl)- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂— (L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— (L-4- hydroxypyrrolidinyl) m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-methoxypiperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(φNHC(O)-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-(φNHC(O)NH)φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-CF₃SO₂-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)CH₂CH₂NHC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(HO(O)C-)piperidin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(HOCH₂CH₂)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-O₂N-φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-(HOCH₂-)piperidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-3-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) o-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,5-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)- p-NH₂-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-N≡C-φR²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— (L-4- hydroxypyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂C(O)CH₂— (L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl)pyridin-2-yl- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-Cl-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-Cl-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) o-Cl-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,4-dichloro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,5-dichloro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) quinolin-8-yl R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-Cl-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) pyridin-2-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,4-dichloro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 2,5-dichlorothien-3- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-CH₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) o-CH₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 3,4-dimethoxy-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3-yl) 3,4-dichloro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) m-Cl-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 2,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S(O)—CH₂— (L-1-oxothiomorpholin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— (L-4-hydroxypyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(3-(HOCH₂-)piperidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—CF₂—CH₂— (L-4,4-difluoro- pyrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O(CH₂CH₂O)₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(—O—C(O)thiomorpholin-4- yl)-CH₂— (L-4-(thiomorpholin- 4-ylC(O)O-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂—CF₂—CH₂— (L-4,4-difluoro- pyrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—C(O)O-]benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(4-(φC(O)-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-fluoro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³= cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₂ —CH₂CH₂N—(—SO₂CH₃)—CH₂— (L-4- methanesulfonyl- piperizinyl) R¹/R² = Hp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 1,1-dioxo-2,3- dihydro-3,3- dimethyl-1,2-benzisothiazol-2-yl- 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)R¹/R² = H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ N-2,10- camphorsultamyl-R¹/R² = H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH N-2,10- camphorsultamyl- R¹/R² =H 3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ N-2,10-camphorsultamyl- p-Br-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-Br-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-NH₂C(═N)-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-N≡C-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH(—O—C(O)thiomorpholin-4- yl)-CH₂— (L-4-(thiomorpholin- 4-ylC(O)O-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl-)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) quinolin-8-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-4-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) m-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S— (thiazolidin-2-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-NH₂—C(═N)-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S— C(O)O-]benzyl-(thiazolidin-2-yl) p-NO₂-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—C(O)O-]benzyl- (thiazolidin-2-yl) p-Br-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)O-]benzyl-(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(φC(O)-)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(φNHC(S)-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-CH₃-homopiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[p-CH₃-φ-SO₂N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)— —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[φNHC(O)O—CH₂CH₂NHC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 3-Cl-4-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1- dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl)1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl-—CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3- yl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(—OSO₂CH₃)— CH₂—(L-4-methanesulfoxy- pyrrolidinyl) p-H₂NC(O)-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-H₂N—C(═N)-φ R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-H₂NC(O)-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-)benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-H₂NC(═N)-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-)benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-NO₂-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OCH₂CH₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³= cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OH—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(4-CH₃-homopiperizin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OH —CH₂CH₂N(—SO₂— CH₃)CH₂— (4-methanesulfonyl- piperizin-2-yl) p-CH₃-φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH(—OSO₂— CH₃)CH₂—(L-4-methanesulfoxy- pyrrolidinyl) 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3-yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) CH₃— —CH₂φH p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3,4-difluoro-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S—CH₂— (L-thiomorpholin-3- yl)p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂—(L-4- hydroxypyrrolidinyl) p-Br-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CF₃O-φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CF₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CF₃O-φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂—(L-4- hydroxypyrrolidinyl) p-CF₃O-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl- 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4-R²/R³ = cyclic p[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH yl-3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl- 3carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl- 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ yl-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylimidazol-4-R²/R³ = cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- —OCH(CH₃)₂ yl-3 carbon atoms yl)C(O)O]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylpyrazol-4-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₂Oφ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OH yl-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]- —OCH₂CH₃ yl-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)1,5-dimethyl-3- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[4-[5-CF₃-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1 yl)-—OH chloropyrazol-4-yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)O-]benzyl- (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-F-φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— (L-4-hydroxypyrrolidinyl) pyridin-4-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂C(CH₃)₃ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂O— yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)C(CH₃)₃ (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂C(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- 2-CH₃O-φ-O— yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂cyclopropyl yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₂CH₃ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ yl- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 1-methylpyrazol-4- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O—CH₃ yl —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) pyridin-3-yl- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂cyclopropyl —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)

TABLE IB

R¹ R² R³ A R^(6′) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic—OC(O)-(pyrizin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic—OC(O)-(pyrizin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic—OC(O)-(pyrizin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic —OC(O)-(pyrizin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ =cyclic —OC(O)-(pyrizin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to compounds which inhibit leukocyte adhesionand, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Whendescribing the compounds, compositions and methods of this invention,the following terms have the following meanings, unless otherwiseindicated.

Definitions

As used herein, “alkyl” refers to alkyl groups preferably having from 1to 10 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. This term isexemplified by groups such as methyl, t-butyl, n-heptyl, octyl and thelike.

“Substituted alkyl” refers to an alkyl group, preferably of from 1 tocarbon atoms, having from 1 to 5 substituents selected from the groupconsisting of alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, acyl, acylamino,thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino, alkyl amidino, thioamidino,aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino, aminocarbonyloxy,aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aryloxylaryl,substituted aryloxyaryl, cyano, halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, carboxyl,carboxylalkyl, carboxyl-substituted alkyl, carboxyl-cycloalkyl,carboxyl-substituted cycloalkyl, carboxylaryl, carboxyl-substitutedaryl, carboxylheteroaryl, carboxyl-substituted heteroaryl,carboxylheterocyclic, carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol, thioalkyl,substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl, substituted thioaryl, thiocycloalkyl,substituted thiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic, heteroaryl, substitutedaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic,cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substitutedheteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy,oxycarbonylamino, oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl,—OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl,—OS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR whereR is hydrogen or alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—NRS(O)₂-aryl, —NRS(O)2-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substitutedaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where Ris hydrogen or alkyl, mono- and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substitutedalkyl)amino, mono- and di-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino,mono- and di-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino,mono- and di-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclicamino, unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituentsselected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic and substituted alkyl groups having aminogroups blocked by conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl,and the like or alkyl/substituted alkyl groups substituted with—SO₂-alkyl, —SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substitutedalkenyl, —SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

“Alkoxy” refers to the group “alkyl-O—” which includes, by way ofexample, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy,sec-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, 1,2-dimethylbutoxy, and the like.

“Substituted alkoxy” refers to the group “substituted alkyl-O—”.

“Acyl” refers to the groups H—C(O)—, alkyl-C(O)—, substitutedalkyl-C(O)—, alkenyl-C(O)—, substituted alkenyl-C(O)—, alkynyl-C(O)—,substituted alkynyl-C(O)— cycloalkyl-C(O)—, substitutedcycloalkyl-C(O)—, aryl-C(O)—, substituted aryl-C(O)—, heteroaryl-C(O)—,substituted heteroaryl-C(O), heterocyclic-C(O)—, and substitutedheterocyclic-C(O)— wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Acylamino” refers to the group —C(O)NRR where each R is independentlyselected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substitutedalkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, aryl,substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heteroaryl,substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic and whereeach R is joined to form together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclicor substituted heterocyclic ring wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl,alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Thiocarbonylamino” refers to the group —C(S)NRR where each R isindependently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substitutedalkynyl, aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and where each R is joined to form, together with thenitrogen atom a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic ring whereinalkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic are as defined herein.

“Acyloxy” refers to the groups alkyl-C(O)O—, substituted alkyl-C(O)O—,alkenyl-C(O)O—, substituted alkenyl-C(O)O—, alkynyl-C(O)O—, substitutedalkynyl-C(O)O—, aryl-C(O)O—, substituted aryl-C(O)O—, cycloalkyl-C(O)O—,substituted cycloalkyl-C(O)O—, heteroaryl-C(O)O—, substitutedheteroaryl-C(O)O—, heterocyclic-C(O)O—, and substitutedheterocyclic-C(O)O— wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted hetero cyclic are as definedherein.

“Alkenyl” refers to alkenyl group preferably having from 2 to 10 carbonatoms and more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least 1 andpreferably from 1-2 sites of alkenyl unsaturation.

“Substituted alkenyl” refers to alkenyl groups having from 1 to 5substituents selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substitutedalkoxy, acyl, acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino,alkylamidino, thioamidino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino,aminothiocarbonylamino, aminocarbonyloxy, aryl, substituted aryl,aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aryloxyaryl, substituted aryloxyaryl,halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl,carboxyl-substituted alkyl, carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substitutedcycloalkyl, carboxylaryl, carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl,carboxyl-substituted heteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic,carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol, thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl,thioaryl, substituted thioaryl, thiocycloalkyl, substitutedthiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkoxy,substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—OS(O)2-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)2-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and substituted alkenyl groups having amino groups blockedby conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the likeor alkenyl/substituted alkenyl groups substituted with —SO₂-alkyl,—SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substituted alkenyl,—SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

“Alkynyl” refers to alkynyl group preferably having from 2 to 10 carbonatoms and more preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least 1 andpreferably from 1-2 sites of alkynyl unsaturation.

“Substituted alkynyl” refers to alkynyl groups having from 1 to 5substituents selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substitutedalkoxy, acyl, acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino,alkylamidino, thioamidino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino,aminothiocarbonylamino, aminocarbonyloxy, aryl, substituted aryl,aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aryloxyaryl, substituted aryloxyaryl,halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl,carboxyl-substituted alkyl, carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substitutedcycloalkyl, carboxylaryl, carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl,carboxyl-substituted heteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic,carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloallyl,guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol, thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl,thioaryl, substituted thioaryl, thiocycloalkyl, substitutedthiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkoxy,substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and substituted alkynyl groups having amino groups blockedby conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the likeor alkynyl/substituted alkynyl groups substituted with —SO₂-alkyl,—SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substituted alkenyl,—SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

“Alkylene” refers to a divalent alkylene group preferably having from 1to 10 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. This term isexemplified by groups such as methylene (—CH₂—), ethylene (—CH₂CH₂—),the propylene isomers (e.g., —CH₂CH₂CH₂— and —CH(CH₃)CH₂—) and the like.

“Substituted alkylene” refers to alkylene groups having from 1 to 5substituents selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substitutedalkoxy, acyl, acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino,alkylamidino, thioamidino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino,aminothiocarbonylamino, aminocarbonyloxy, aryl, substituted aryl,aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, aryloxyaryl, substituted aryloxyaryl,halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl,carboxyl-substituted alkyl, carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substitutedcycloalkyl, carboxylaryl, carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl,carboxyl-substituted heteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic,carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol, thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl,.thioaryl, substituted thioaryl, thiocycloalkyl, substitutedthiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkoxy,substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic and substituted alkenyl groups having amino groups blockedby conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the likeor alkenyl/substituted alkenyl groups substituted with —SO₂-alkyl,—SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substituted alkenyl,—SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

“Amidino” refers to the group H₂NC(═NH)— and the term “alkylamidino”refers to compounds having 1 to 3 alkyl groups (e.g., alkylHNC(═NH)—).

“Thioamidino” refers to the group RSC(═NH)— where R is hydrogen oralkyl.

“Aminoacyl” refers to the groups —NRC(O)alkyl, —NRC(O)substituted alkyl,—NRC(O)cycloalkyl, —NRC(O)substituted cycloalkyl, —NRC(O)alkenyl,—NRC(O)substituted alkenyl, —NRC(O)alkynyl, —NRC(O)substituted alkynyl,—NRC(O)aryl, —NRC(O)substituted aryl, —NRC(O)heteroaryl,—NRC(O)substituted heteroaryl, —NRC(O)heterocyclic, and—NRC(O)substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl and whereinalkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic are as defined herein.

“Aminocarbonyloxy” refers to the groups —NRC(O)O-alkyl,—NRC(O)O-substituted alkyl, —NRC(O)O-alkenyl, —NRC(O)O-substitutedalkenyl, —NRC(O)O-alkynyl, —NRC(O)O-substituted alkynyl,—NRC(O)O-cycloalkyl, —NRC(O)O-substituted cycloalkyl, —NRC(O)O-aryl,—NRC(O)O-substituted aryl, —NRC(O)O-heteroaryl, —NRC(O)O-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRC(O)O-heterocyclic, and —NRC(O)O-substituted heterocyclicwhere R is hydrogen or alkyl and wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl,alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Oxycarbonylamino” refers to the groups —OC(O)NH₂, —OC(O)NRR,—OC(S)NR-alkyl, —OC(O)NR-substituted alkyl, —OC(O)NR-alkenyl,—OC(O)NR-substituted alkenyl, —OC(O)NR-alkynyl, —OC(O)NR-substitutedalkynyl, —OC(O)NR-cycloalkyl, —OC(O)NR-substituted cycloalkyl,—OC(O)NR-aryl, —OC(O)NR-substituted aryl, —OC(O)NR-heteroaryl,—OC(O)NR-substituted heteroaryl, —OC(O)NR-heterocyclic, and—OC(O)NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen, alkyl or whereeach R is joined to form, together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclicor substituted heterocylic ring and wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl,alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Oxythiocarbonylamino” refers to the groups —OC(S)NH₂, —OC(S)NRR,—OC(S)NR-alkyl , —OC(S)NR-substituted alkyl, —OC(S)NR-alkenyl,—OC(S)NR-substituted alkenyl, —OC(S)NR-alkynyl, —OC(S)NR-substitutedalkynyl, —OC(S)NR-cycloalkyl, —OC(S)NR-substituted cycloalkyl,—OC(S)NR-aryl, —OC(S)NR-substituted aryl, —OC(S)NR-heteroaryl,—OC(S)NR-substituted heteroaryl, —OC(S)NR-heterocyclic, and—OC(S)NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen, alkyl or whereeach R is joined to form together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclicor substituted heterocyclic ring and wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl,alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkenyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Aminocarbonylamino” refers to the groups —NRC(O)NRR, —NRC(O)NR-alkyl,—NRC(O)NR-substituted alkyl, —NRC(O)NR-alkenyl, —NRC(O)NR-substitutedalkenyl, —NRC(O)NR-alkynyl, —NRC(O)NR-substituted alkynyl,—NRC(O)NR-aryl, —NRC(O)NR-substituted aryl, —NRC(O)NR-cycloalkyl,—NRC(O)NR-substituted cycloalkyl, —NRC(O)NR-heteroaryl, and—NRC(O)NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRC(O)NR-heterocyclic, and—NRC(O)NR-substituted heterocyclic where each R is independentlyhydrogen, alkyl or where each R is joined to form together with thenitrogen atom a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic ring as well aswhere one of the amino groups is blocked by conventional blocking groupssuch as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the like and wherein alkyl, substitutedalkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkyl, substituted alkynyl,cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl,substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are asdefined herein.

“Aminothiocarbonylamino” refers to the groups —NRC(S)NRR,—NRC(S)NR-alkyl, —NRC(S)NR-substituted alkyl, —NRC(S)NR-alkenyl,—NRC(S)NR-substituted alkenyl, —NRC(S)NR-alkynyl, —NRC(S)NR-substitutedalkynyl, —NRC(S)NR-aryl, —NRC(S)NR-substituted aryl,—NRC(S)NR-cycloalkyl, —NRC(S)NR-substituted cycloalkyl,—NRC(S)NR-heteroaryl, and —NRC(S)NR-substituted heteroaryl,—NRC(S)NR-heterocyclic, and —NRC(S)NR-substituted heterocyclic whereeach R is independently hydrogen, alkyl or where each R is joined toform together with the nitrogen atom a heterocyclic or substitutedheterocyclic ring as well as where one of the amino groups is blocked byconventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the like andwherein alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic are as defined herein.

“Aryl” or “Ar” refers to an unsaturated aromatic carbocyclic group offrom 6 to 14 carbon atoms having a single ring (e.g., phenyl) ormultiple condensed rings (e.g., naphthyl or anthryl) which condensedrings may or may not be aromatic (e.g., 2-benzoxazolinone,2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one-7-yl, and the like). Preferred arylsinclude phenyl and naphthyl.

Substituted aryl refers to aryl groups which are substituted with from 1to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, acyl,acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy,substituted alkoxy, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substitutedalkynyl, amidino, alkylamidino, thioamidino, amino, aminoacyl,aminocarbonyloxy, aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino, aryl,substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, cycloalkoxy, substitutedcycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy,substituted heterocyclyloxy, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl,carboxyl-substituted alkyl, carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substitutedcycloalkyl, carboxylaryl, carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl,carboxyl-substituted heteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic,carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic, carboxylamido, cyano, thiol,thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl, substituted thioaryl,thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl, thiocycloalkyl, substitutedthiocycloalkyl, thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic,cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, guanidino, guanidinosulfone, halo,nitro, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy,substituted heteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy,oxycarbonylamino, oxythiocarbonylamino, —S(O)₂-alkyl, —S(O)₂-substitutedalkyl, —S(O)₂-cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-alkenyl,—S(O)₂-substituted alkenyl, —S(O)₂-aryl, —S(O)₂-substituted aryl,—S(O)₂-heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-heterocyclic,—S(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substitutedalkyl, —OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of allyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic and substitutedheterocyclic and amino groups on the substituted aryl blocked byconventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the like orsubstituted with —SO₂NRR where R is hydrogen or alkyl.

“Aryloxy” refers to the group aryl-O— which includes, by way of example,phenoxy, naphthoxy, and the like.

“Substituted aryloxy” refers to substituted aryl-O— groups.

“Aryloxyaryl” refers to the group -aryl-O-aryl.

“Substituted aryloxyaryl” refers to aryloxyaryl groups substituted withfrom 1 to 3 substituents on either or both aryl rings selected from thegroup consisting of hydroxy, acyl, acylamino, thiocarbonylamino,acyloxy, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, amidino,alkylamidino, thioamidino, amino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonyloxy,aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino, aryl, substituted aryl,aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy,heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy, substitutedheterocyclyloxy, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl, carboxyl-substituted alkyl,carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substituted cycloalkyl, carboxylaryl,carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl, carboxyl-substitutedheteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic, carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic,carboxylamido, cyano, thiol, thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl,substituted thioaryl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thiocycloalkyl, substituted thiocycloalkyl, thioheterocyclic,substituted thioheterocyclic, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,guanidino, guanidinosulfone, halo, nitro, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkoxy,substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —S(O)₂-alkyl, —S(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—S(O)₂-cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-alkenyl,—S(O)₂-substituted alkenyl, —S(O)₂-aryl, —S(O)₂-substituted aryl,—S(O)₂-heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-heterocyclic,—S(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substitutedalkyl, —OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)-heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-substitutedheterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen or alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl,—NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)-substituted heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic and substitutedheterocyclic and amino groups on the substituted aryl blocked byconventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the like orsubstituted with —SO₂NRR where R is hydrogen or alkyl.

“Cycloalkyl” refers to cyclic alkyl groups of from 3 to 8 carbon atomshaving a single cyclic ring including, by way of example, cyclopropyl,cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclooctyl and the like. Excluded from thisdefinition are multi-ring alkyl groups such as adamantanyl, etc.

“Cycloalkenyl” refers to cyclic alkenyl groups of from 3 to 8 carbonatoms having a single cyclic ring.

“Substituted cycloalkyl” and “substituted cycloalkenyl” refers to ancycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group, preferably of from 3 to 8 carbonatoms, having from 1 to 5 substituents selected from the groupconsisting of oxo (═O), thioxo (═S), alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, acyl,acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino, alkylamidino,thioamidino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino,aminocarbonyloxy, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy,aryloxyaryl, substituted aryloxyaryl, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro,carboxyl, carboxylalkyl, carboxyl-substituted alkyl,carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substituted cycloalkyl, carboxylaryl,carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl, carboxyl-substitutedheteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic, carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic,cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol,thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl, substituted thioaryl,thiocycloalkyl, substituted thiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substitutedthioheteroaryl, thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy,substituted heteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy,oxycarbonylamino, oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl,—OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl,—OS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR whereR is hydrogen or alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—NRS(O)₂-aryl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substitutedaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where Ris hydrogen or alkyl, mono- and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substitutedalkyl)amino, mono- and di-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino,mono- and di-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino,mono- and di-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclicamino, unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituentsselected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic and substituted alkynyl groups having aminogroups blocked by conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl,and the like or alkynyl/substituted alkynyl groups substituted with—SO₂-alkyl, —SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substitutedalkenyl, —SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

“Cycloalkoxy” refers to —O-cycloalkyl groups.

“Substituted cycloalkoxy” refers to —O-substituted cycloalkyl groups.

“Guanidino” refers to the groups —NRC(═NR)NRR, —NRC(═NR)NR-alkyl,—NRC(═NR)NR-substituted alkyl, —NRC(═NR)NR-alkenyl,—NRC(═NR)NR-substituted alkenyl, —NRC(═NR)NR-alkynyl,—NRC(═NR)NR-substituted alkynyl, —NRC(═NR)NR-aryl,—NRC(═NR)NR-substituted aryl, —NRC(═NR)NR-cycloalkyl,—NRC(═NR)NR-heteroaryl, —NRC(═NR)NR-substituted heteroaryl,—NRC(═NR)NR-heterocyclic, and —NRC(═NR)NR-substituted heterocyclic whereeach R is independently hydrogen and alkyl as well as where one of theamino groups is blocked by conventional blocking groups such as Boc,Cbz, formyl, and the like and wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“N,N-Dimethylcarbamyloxy” refers to the group —OC(O)N(CH₃)₂.

“Guanidinosulfone” refers to the groups —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-alkyl,—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted alkyl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-alkenyl,—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted alkenyl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-alkynyl,—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted alkynyl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-aryl,—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted aryl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-cycloalkyl,—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-heteroaryl, and—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted heteroaryl, —NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-heterocyclic, and—NRC(═NR)NRSO₂-substituted heterocyclic where each R is independentlyhydrogen and alkyl and wherein alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic are as definedherein.

“Halo” or “halogen” refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo andpreferably is either chloro or bromo.

“Heteroaryl” refers to an aromatic carbocyclic group of from 2 to 10carbon atoms and 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consistingof oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur within the ring. Such heteroaryl groupscan have a single ring (e.g., pyridyl or furyl) or multiple condensedrings (e.g., indolizinyl or benzothienyl). Preferred heteroaryls includepyridyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl and furyl.

“Substituted heteroaryl” refers to heteroaryl groups which aresubstituted with from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the groupconsisting of hydroxy, acyl, acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy,alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, alkenyl,substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, amidino,alkylamidino, thioamidino, amino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonyloxy,aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino, aryl, substituted aryl,aryloxy, substituted aryloxy, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy,heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy, heterocyclyloxy, substitutedheterocyclyloxy, carboxyl, carboxylalkyl, carboxyl-substituted alkyl,carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substituted cycloalkyl, carboxylaryl,carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl, carboxyl-substitutedheteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic, carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic,carboxylamido, cyano, thiol, thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl,substituted thioaryl, thioheteroaryl, substituted thioheteroaryl,thiocycloalkyl, substituted thiocycloalkyl, thioheterocyclic,substituted thioheterocyclic, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl,guanidino, guanidinosulfone, halo, nitro, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkoxy,substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy, substituted heteroaryloxy,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —S(O)₂-alkyl, —S(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—S(O)₂-cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —S(O)₂-alkenyl,—S(O)₂-substituted alkenyl, —S(O)₂-aryl, —S(O)₂-substituted aryl,—S(O)₂-heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —S(O)₂-heterocyclic,—S(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substitutedalkyl, —OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic and substitutedheterocyclic and amino groups on the substituted aryl blocked byconventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the like orsubstituted with —SO₂NRR where R is hydrogen or alkyl.

“Heteroaryloxy” refers to the group —O-heteroaryl and “substitutedheteroaryloxy” refers to the group —O-substituted heteroaryl.

“Heterocycle” or “heterocyclic” refers to a saturated or unsaturatedgroup having a single ring or multiple condensed rings, from 1 to 10carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from the groupconsisting of nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen within the ring wherein, infused ring systems, one or more the rings can be aryl or heteroaryl.

“Substituted heterocyclic” refers to heterocycle groups which aresubstituted with from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the groupconsisting of oxo (═O), thioxo (═S), alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, acyl,acylamino, thiocarbonylamino, acyloxy, amino, amidino, alkylamidino,thioamidino, aminoacyl, aminocarbonylamino, aminothiocarbonylamino,aminocarbonyloxy, aryl, substituted aryl, aryloxy, substituted aryloxy,aryloxyaryl, substituted aryloxyaryl, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro,carboxyl, carboxylalkyl, carboxyl-substituted alkyl,carboxyl-cycloalkyl, carboxyl-substituted cycloalkyl, carboxylaryl,carboxyl-substituted aryl, carboxylheteroaryl, carboxyl-substitutedheteroaryl, carboxylheterocyclic, carboxyl-substituted heterocyclic,cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, guanidino, guanidinosulfone, thiol,thioalkyl, substituted thioalkyl, thioaryl, substituted thioaryl,thiocycloalkyl, substituted thiocycloalkyl, thioheteroaryl, substitutedthioheteroaryl, thioheterocyclic, substituted thioheterocyclic,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic, substitutedheterocyclic, cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, heteroaryloxy,substituted heteroaryloxy, —C(O)O-aryl, —C(O)O-substituted aryl,heterocyclyloxy, substituted heterocyclyloxy, oxycarbonylamino,oxythiocarbonylamino, —OS(O)₂-alkyl, —OS(O)₂-substituted alkyl,—OS(O)₂-aryl, —OS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —OS(O)₂-heteroaryl,—OS(O)₂-substituted heteroaryl, —OS(O)₂-heterocyclic,—OS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic, —OSO₂—NRR where R is hydrogen oralkyl, —NRS(O)₂-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂-aryl,—NRS(O)₂-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂-heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-substitutedheteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂-heterocyclic, —NRS(O)₂-substituted heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted alkyl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-aryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted aryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heteroaryl,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heteroaryl, —NRS(O)₂—NR-heterocyclic,—NRS(O)₂—NR-substituted heterocyclic where R is hydrogen or alkyl, mono-and di-alkylamino, mono- and di-(substituted alkyl)amino, mono- anddi-arylamino, mono- and di-substituted arylamino, mono- anddi-heteroarylamino, mono- and di-substituted heteroarylamino, mono- anddi-heterocyclic amino, mono- and di-substituted heterocyclic amino,unsymmetric di-substituted amines having different substituents selectedfrom the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substitutedaryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic and substitutedheterocyclic and substituted alkynyl groups having amino groups blockedby conventional blocking groups such as Boc, Cbz, formyl, and the likeor alkynyl/substituted alkynyl groups substituted with —SO₂-alkyl,—SO₂-substituted alkyl, —SO₂-alkenyl, —SO₂-substituted alkenyl,—SO₂-cycloalkyl, —SO₂-substituted cycloalkyl, —SO₂-aryl,—SO₂-substituted aryl, —SO₂-heteroaryl, —SO₂-substituted heteroaryl,—SO₂-heterocyclic, —SO₂-substituted heterocyclic and —SO₂NRR where R ishydrogen or alkyl.

Examples of heterocycles and heteroaryls include, but are not limitedto, azetidine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrazine,pyrimidine, pyridazine, indolizine, isoindole, indole, dihydroindole,indazole, purine, quinolizine, isoquinoline, quinoline, phthalazine,naphthylpyridine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, pteridine,carbazole, carboline, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroline,isothiazole, phenazine, isoxazole, phenoxazine, phenothiazine,imidazolidine, imidazoline, piperidine, piperazine, indoline,phthalimide, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline,4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene, thiazole, thiazolidine, thiophene,benzo[b]thiophene, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl (also referred to asthiamorpholinyl), piperidinyl, pyrrolidine, tetrahydrofuranyl, and thelike.

“H eterocyclyloxy” refers to the group —O-heterocyclic and “substitutedheterocyclyloxy” refers to the group —O-substituted heterocyclic.

“Thiol” refers to the group —SH.

“Thioalkyl” refers to the groups —S-alkyl

“Substituted thioalkyl” refers to the group —S-substituted alkyl.

“Thiocycloalkyl” refers to the groups —S-cycloalkyl.

“Substituted thiocycloalkyl” refers to the group —S-substitutedcycloalkyl.

“Thioaryl” refers to the group —S-aryl and “substituted thioaryl” refersto the group —S-substituted aryl.

“Thioheteroaryl” refers to the group —S-heteroaryl and “substitutedthioheteroaryl” refers to the group —S-substituted heteroaryl.

“Thioheterocyclic” refers to the group —S-heterocyclic and “substitutedthioheterocyclic” refers to the group —S-substituted heterocyclic.

“Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to pharmaceutically acceptablesalts of a compound of Formula I/IA which salts are derived from avariety of organic and inorganic counter ions well known in the art andinclude, by way of example only, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium,ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, and the like; and when the moleculecontains a basic functionality, salts of organic or inorganic acids,such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, tartrate, mesylate, acetate,maleate, oxalate and the like.

Compound Preparation

The compounds of this invention can be prepared from readily availablestarting materials using the following general methods and procedures.It will be appreciated that where typical or preferred processconditions (i.e., reaction temperatures, times, mole ratios ofreactants, solvents, pressures, etc.) are given, other processconditions can also be used unless otherwise stated. Optimum reactionconditions may vary with the particular reactants or solvent used, butsuch conditions can be determined by one skilled in the art by routineoptimization procedures.

Additionally, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art,conventional protecting groups may be necessary to prevent certainfunctional groups from undergoing undesired reactions. Suitableprotecting groups for various functional groups as well as suitableconditions for protecting and deprotecting particular functional groupsare well known in the art. For example, numerous protecting groups aredescribed in T. W. Greene and G. M. Wuts, Protecting Groups in OrganicSynthesis, Second Edition, Wiley, New York, 1991, and references citedtherein.

Furthermore, the compounds of this invention will typically contain oneor more chiral centers. Accordingly, if desired, such compounds can beprepared or isolated as pure stereoisomers, i.e., as individualenantiomers or diastereomers, or as stereoisomer-enriched mixtures. Allsuch stereoisomers (and enriched mixtures) are included within the scopeof this invention, unless otherwise indicated. Pure stereoisomers (orenriched mixtures) may be prepared using, for example, optically activestarting materials or stereoselective reagents well-known in the art.Alternatively, racemic mixtures of such compounds can be separatedusing, for example, chiral column chromatography, chiral resolvingagents and the like.

In a preferred method of synthesis, the compounds of formula I and IAwherein Q is —C(O)NR⁷— are prepared by first coupling an amino acid offormula II:

wherein R² and R3 are as defined herein (e.g., in formula I and IIA),with a sulfonyl chloride of formula III:

wherein R¹ is as defined herein, to provide an N-sulfonyl amino acid offormula IV:

wherein R¹-R³ are as defined herein.

This reaction is typically conducted by reacting the amino acid offormula II with at least one equivalent, preferably about 1.1 to about 2equivalents, of sulfonyl chloride III in an inert diluent such asdichloromethane and the like. Generally, the reaction is conducted at atemperature ranging from about −70° C. to about 40° C. for about 1 toabout 24 hours. Preferably, this reaction is conducted in the presenceof a suitable base to scavenge the acid generated during the reaction.Suitable bases include, by way of example, tertiary amines, such astriethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the like.Alternatively, the reaction can be conducted under Schotten-Baumann-typeconditions using aqueous alkali, such as sodium hydroxide and the like,as the base. Upon completion of the reaction, the resulting N-sulfonylamino acid IV is recovered by conventional methods includingneutralization, extraction, precipitation, chromatography, filtration,and the like.

The amino acids of formula II employed in the above reaction are eitherknown compounds or compounds that can be prepared from known compoundsby conventional synthetic procedures. Examples of suitable amino acidsfor use in this reaction include, but are not limited to, L-proline,trans-4-hydroxyl-L-proline, cis-4-hydroxyl-L-proline,trans-3-phenyl-L-proline, cis-3-phenyl-L-proline, L-(2-methyl)proline,L-pipecolinic acid, L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid,L-indoline-2-carboxylic acid,L-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid,L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid,L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid,L-thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid, glycine, 2-tert-butylglycine,D,L-phenylglycine, L-alanine, α-methylalanine, N-methyl-L-phenylalanine,L-diphenylalanine, sarcosine, D,L-phenylsarcosine, L-aspartic acidβ-tert-butyl ester, L-glutamic acid γ-tert-butyl ester,L-(O-benzyl)serine, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid,1-aminocyclobutanecarboxylic acid, 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid(cycloleucine) 1-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, L-serine-and the like.If desired, the corresponding carboxylic acid esters of the amino acidsof formula II, such as the methyl esters, ethyl esters and the like, canbe employed in the above reaction with the sulfonyl chloride III.Subsequent hydrolysis of the ester group to the carboxylic acid usingconventional reagents and conditions, i.e., treatment with an alkalimetal hydroxide in an inert diluent such as methanol/water, thenprovides the N-sulfonyl amino acid IV.

Similarly, the sulfonyl chlorides of formula III employed in the abovereaction are either known compounds or compounds that can be preparedfrom known compounds by conventional synthetic procedures. Suchcompounds are typically prepared from the corresponding sulfonic acid,i.e., from compounds of the formula R¹—SO₃H where R¹ is as definedabove, using phosphorous trichloride and phosphorous pentachloride. Thisreaction is generally conducted by contacting the sulfonic acid withabout 2 to 5 molar equivalents of phosphorous trichloride andphosphorous pentachloride, either neat or in an inert solvent, such asdichloromethane, at temperature in the range of about 0° C. to about 80°C. for about 1 to about 48 hours to afford the sulfonyl chloride.Alternatively, the sulfonyl chlorides of formula III can be preparedfrom the corresponding thiol compound, i.e., from compounds of theformula R¹—SH where R¹ is as defined herein, by treating the thiol withchlorine (Cl₂) and water under conventional reaction conditions.

Examples of sulfonyl chlorides suitable for use in this inventioninclude, but are not limited to, methanesulfonyl chloride,2-propanesulfonyl chloride, 1-butanesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonylchloride, 1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, 2-naphthalenesulfonylchloride, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, α-toluenesulfonyl chloride,4-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl chloride,4-tert-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-bromobenzenesulfonyl chloride,2-carboxybenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl chloride,3,4-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonylchloride, 3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride,3,5-ditrifluoromethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-fluorobenzenesulfonylchloride, 4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride,2-methoxycarbonylbenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-methylamidobenzenesulfonylchloride, 4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, 4-thioamidobenzenesulfonylchloride, 4-trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride,4-trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl chloride,2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride, 2-phenylethanesulfonylchloride, 2-thiophenesulfonyl chloride, 5-chloro-2-thiophenesulfonylchloride, 2,5-dichloro-4-thiophenesulfonyl chloride, 2-thiazolesulfonylchloride, 2-methyl-4-thiazolesulfonyl chloride,1-methyl-4-imidazolesulfonyl chloride, 1-methyl-4-pyrazolesulfonylchloride, 5-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-4-pyrazolesulfonyl chloride,3-pyridinesulfonyl chloride, 2-pyrimidinesulfonyl chloride and the like.If desired, a sulfonyl fluoride, sulfonyl bromide or sulfonic acidanhydride may be used in place of the sulfonyl chloride in the abovereaction to form the N-sulfonyl amino acids of formula IV.

The intermediate N-sulfonyl amino acids of formula IV can also beprepared by reacting a sulfonamide of formula V:

wherein R¹ and R² are as defied herein, with a carboxylic acidderivative of the formula L(R³)CHCOOR where L is a leaving group, suchas chloro, bromo, iodo, mesylate, tosylate and the like, R³ is asdefined herein and R is hydrogen or an alkyl group. This reaction istypically conducted by contacting the sulfonamide V with at least oneequivalent, preferably 1.1 to 2 equivalents, of the carboxylic acidderivative in the presence of a suitable base, such as triethylamine, inan inert diluent, such as DMF, at a temperature ranging from about 24°C. to about 37° C. for about 0.5 to about 4 hours. This reaction isfurther described in Zuckermann et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114,10646-10647. Preferred carboxylic acid derivatives for use in thisreaction are α-chloro and α-bromocarboxylic acid esters such astert-butyl bromoacetate and the like. When a carboxylic acid ester isemployed in this reaction, the ester group is subsequently hydrolyzedusing conventional procedures to afford an N-sulfonyl amino acid offormula IV.

The compounds of formula I/IA are then prepared by coupling theintermediate N-sulfonyl amino acid of formula IV with an amino acidderivative of formula VI:

wherein R⁵-R⁷ are as defined herein. This coupling reaction is typicallyconducted using well-known coupling reagents such as carbodiimides, BOPreagent (benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphoniumhexafluorophosphonate) and the like. Suitable carbodiimides include, byway of example, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC),1-(3dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and the like. Ifdesired, polymer supported forms of carbodiimide coupling reagents mayalso be used including, for example, those described in TetrahedronLetters, 34(48), 7685 (1993). Additionally, well-known couplingpromoters, such as N-hydroxysuccinimide, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and thelike, may be used to facilitate the coupling reaction.

This coupling reaction is typically conducted by contacting theN-sulfonylamino acid IV with about 1 to about 2 equivalents of thecoupling reagent and at least one equivalent, preferably about 1 toabout 1.2 equivalents, of amino acid derivative VI in an inert diluent,such as dichloromethane, chloroform, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran,N,N-dimethylformamide and the like. Generally, this reaction isconducted at a temperature ranging from about 0° C. to about 37° C. forabout 12 to about 24 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, thecompound of formula I/IA is recovered by conventional methods includingneutralization, extraction, precipitation, chromatography, filtration,and the like.

Alternatively, the N-sulfonyl amino acid IV can be converted into anacid halide and the acid halide coupled with amino acid derivative VI toprovide compounds of formula I/IA. The acid halide of VI can be preparedby contacting VI with an inorganic acid halide, such as thionylchloride, phosphorous trichloride, phosphorous tribromide or phosphorouspenta-chloride, or preferably, with oxalyl chloride under conventionalconditions. Generally, this reaction is conducted using about 1 to 5molar equivalents of the inorganic acid halide or oxalyl chloride,either neat or in an inert solvent, such as dichloromethane or carbontetrachloride, at temperature in the range of about 0° C. to about 80°C. for about 1 to about 48 hours. A catalyst, such as DMF, may also beused in this reaction.

The acid halide of N-sulfonyl amino acid IV is then contacted with atleast one equivalent, preferably about 1.1 to about 1.5 equivalents, ofamino acid derivative VI in an inert diluent, such as dichloromethane,at a temperature ranging from about −70° C. to about 40° C. for about 1to about 24 hours. Preferably, this reaction is conducted in thepresence of a suitable base to scavenge the acid generated during thereaction. Suitable bases include, by way of example, tertiary amines,such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and thelike. Alternatively, the reaction can be conducted underSchotten-Baumann-type conditions using aqueous alkali, such as sodiumhydroxide and the like. Upon completion of the reaction, the compound offormula I/IA is recovered by conventional methods includingneutralization, extraction, precipitation, chromatography, filtration,and the like.

Alternatively, the compounds of formula I/IA can be prepared by firstforming a diamino acid derivative of formula VII:

wherein R², R³, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ are as defined herein. The diamino acidderivatives of formula VII can be readily prepared by coupling an aminoacid of formula II with an amino acid derivative of formula VI usingconventional amino acid coupling techniques and reagents, suchcarbodiimides, BOP reagent and the like, as described above. Diaminoacid VII can then be sulfonated using a sulfonyl chloride of formula IIIand using the synthetic procedures described above to provide a compoundof formula I/IA.

The amino acid derivatives of formula VI employed in the above reactionsare either known compounds or compounds that can be prepared from knowncompounds by conventional synthetic procedures. For example, amino acidderivatives of formula VI can be prepared by C-alkylating commerciallyavailable diethyl 2-acetamidomalonate (Aldrich, Milwaukee, Wis., USA)with an alkyl or substituted alkyl halide. This reaction is typicallyconducted by treating the diethyl 2-acetamidomalonate with at least oneequivalent of sodium ethoxide and at least one equivalent of an alkyl orsubstituted alkyl halide in refluxing ethanol for about 6 to about 12hours. The resulting C-alkylated malonate is then deacetylated,hydrolyzed and decarboxylated by heating in aqueous hydrochloric acid atreflux for about 6 to about 12 hours to provide the amino acid,typically as the hydrochloride salt.

Examples of amino acid derivatives of formula VI suitable for use in theabove reactions include, but are not limited to, L-tyrosine methylester, L-3,5-diiodotyrosine methyl ester, L-3-iodotyrosine methyl ester,β-(4-hydroxy-naphth-1-yl)-L-alanine methyl ester,β-(6-hydroxy-naphth-2-yl)-L-alanine methyl ester, and the like. Ifdesired, of course, other esters or amides of the above-describedcompounds may also be employed.

For ease of synthesis, the compounds of formula I are typically preparedas an ester, i.e., where R⁶ is an alkoxy or substituted alkoxy group andthe like. If desired, the ester group can be hydrolysed usingconventional conditions and reagents to provide the correspondingcarboxylic acid. Typically, this reaction is conducted by treating theester with at least one equivalent of an alkali metal hydroxide, such aslithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide, in an inert diluent, such asmethanol or mixtures of methanol and water, at a temperature rangingabout 0° C. to about 24° C. for about 1 to about 10 hours.Alternatively, benzyl esters may be removed by hydrogenolysis using apalladium catalyst, such as palladium on carbon. The resultingcarboxylic acids may be coupled, if desired, to amines such as β-alanineethyl ester, hydroxyamines such as hydroxylamine andN-hydroxysuccinimide, alkoxyamines and substituted alkoxyamines such asO-methylhydroxylamine and O-benzylhydroxylamine, and the like, usingconventional coupling reagents and conditions as described above.

As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, other functional groupspresent on any of the substituents of the compounds of formula I can bereadily modified or derivatized either before or after theabove-described coupling reactions using well-known syntheticprocedures. For example, a nitro group present on a substituent of acompound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereof may be readilyreduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a palladium catalyst, suchas palladium on carbon, to provide the corresponding amino group. Thisreaction is typically conducted at a temperature of from about 20° C. toabout 50° C. for about 6 to about 24 hours in an inert diluent, such asmethanol. Compounds having a nitro group on, e.g., the R³ substituent,can be prepared, for example, by using a 4-nitrophenylalanine derivativeand the like in the above-described coupling reactions.

Similarly, a pyridyl group can be hydrogenated in the presence of aplatinum catalyst, such as platinum oxide, in an acidic diluent toprovide the corresponding piperidinyl analogue. Generally, this reactionis conducted by treating the pyridine compound with hydrogen at apressure ranging from about 20 psi to about 60 psi, preferably about 40psi, in the presence of the catalyst at a temperature of about 20° C. toabout 50° C. for about 2 to about 24 hours in an acidic diluent, such asa mixture of methanol and aqueous hydrochloric acid. Compounds having apyridyl group can be readily prepared by using, for example,β-(2-pyridyl)-, β-(3-pyridyl)- or β-(4-pyridyl)-L-alanine derivatives inthe above-described coupling reactions.

Additionally, when a substituent of a compound of formula I/IA or anintermediate thereof contains a primary or secondary amino group, suchamino groups can be further derivatized either before or after the abovecoupling reactions to provide, by way of example, amides, sulfonamides,ureas, thioureas, carbamates, secondary or tertiary amines and the like.Compounds having a primary amino group on such a substituent may beprepared, for example, by reduction of the corresponding nitro compoundas described above. Alternatively, such compounds can be prepared byusing an amino acid derivative of formula VI derived from lysine,4-aminophenylalanine and the like in the above-described couplingreactions.

By way of illustration, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediatethereof having a substituent containing a primary or secondary aminogroup can be readily N-acylated using conventional acylating reagentsand conditions to provide the corresponding amide. This acylationreaction is typically conducted by treating the amino compound with atleast one equivalent, preferably about 1.1 to about 1.2 equivalents, ofa carboxylic acid in the presence of a coupling reagent such as acarbodiimide, BOP reagent(benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)-phosphoniumhexafluorophosphonate) and the like, in an inert diluent, such asdichloromethane, chloroform, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran,N,N-dimethylformamide and the like, at a temperature ranging from about0° C. to about 37° C. for about 4 to about 24 hours. Preferably, apromoter, such as N-hydroxysuccinimide, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and thelike, is used to facilitate the acylation reaction. Examples ofcarboxylic acids suitable for use in this reaction include, but are notlimited to, N-tert-butyloxycarbonylglycine,N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine,N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-aspartic acid benzyl ester, benzoic acid,N-tert-butyloxycarbonylisonipecotic acid, N-methylisonipecotic acid,N-tert-butyloxycarbonylnipecotic acid,N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid,N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-proline and the like.

Alternatively, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereofcontaining a primary or secondary amino group can be N-acylated using anacyl halide or a carboxylic acid anhydride to form the correspondingamide. This reaction is typically conducted by contacting the aminocompound with at least one equivalent, preferably about 1.1 to about 1.2equivalents, of the acyl halide or carboxylic acid anhydride in an inertdiluent, such as dichloromethane, at a temperature ranging from about ofabout −70° C. to about 40° C. for about 1 to about 24 hours. If desired,an acylation catalyst such as 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine may be usedto promote the acylation reaction. The acylation reaction is preferablyconducted in the presence of a suitable base to scavenge the acidgenerated during the reaction. Suitable bases include, by way ofexample, tertiary amines, such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine,N-methylmorpholine and the like. Alternatively, the reaction can beconducted under Schotten-Baumann-type conditions using aqueous alkali,such as sodium hydroxide and the like.

Examples of acyl halides and carboxylic acid anhydrides suitable for usein this reaction include, but are not limited to, 2-methylpropionylchloride, trimethylacetyl chloride, phenylacetyl chloride, benzoylchloride, 2-bromobenzoyl chloride, 2-methylbenzoyl chloride,2-trifluoromethylbenzoyl chloride, isonicotinoyl chloride, nicotinoylchloride, picolinoyl chloride, acetic anhydride, succinic anhydride andthe like. Carbamyl chlorides, such as N,N-dimethylcarbamyl chloride,N,N-diethylcarbamyl chloride and the like, can also be used in thisreaction to provide ureas. Similarly, dicarbonates, such asdi-tert-butyl dicarbonate, may be employed to provide carbamates.

In a similar manner, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediatethereof containing a primary or secondary amino group may beN-sulfonated to form a sulfonamide using a sulfonyl halide or a sulfonicacid anhydride. Sulfonyl halides and sulfonic acid anhydrides suitablefor use in this reaction include, but are not limited to,methanesulfonyl chloride, chloromethanesulfonyl chloride,p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and thelike. Similarly, sulfamoyl chlorides, such as dimethylsulfamoylchloride, can be used to provide sulfamides (e.g., >N—SO₂—N<).

Additionally, a primary and secondary amino group present on asubstituent of a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereof canbe reacted with an isocyanate or a thioisocyanate to give a urea orthiourea, respectively. This reaction is typically conducted bycontacting the amino compound with at least one equivalent, preferablyabout 1.1 to about 1.2 equivalents, of the isocyanate or thioisocyanatein an inert diluent, such as toluene and the like, at a temperatureranging from about 24° C. to about 37° C. for about 12 to about 24hours. The isocyanates and thioisocyanates used in this reaction arecommercially available or can be prepared from commercially availablecompounds using well-known synthetic procedures. For example,isocyanates and thioisocyanates are readily prepared by reacting theappropriate amine with phosgene or thiophosgene. Examples of isocyanatesand thioisocyanates suitable for use in this reaction include, but arenot limited to, ethyl isocyanate, n-propyl isocyanate, 4-cyanophenylisocyanate, 3-methoxyphenyl isocyanate, 2-phenylethyl isocyanate, methylthioisocyanate, ethyl thioisocyanate, 2-phenylethyl thioisocyanate,3-phenylpropyl thioisocyanate, 3-(N,N-diethylamino)propylthioisocyanate, phenyl thioisocyanate, benzyl thioisocyanate, 3-pyridylthioisocyanate, fluorescein isothiocyanate (isomer I), and the like.

Furthermore, when a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereofcontains a primary or secondary amino group, the amino group can bereductively alkylated using aldehydes or ketones to form a secondary ortertiary amino group. This reaction is typically conducted by contactingthe amino compound with at least one equivalent, preferably about 1.1 toabout 1.5 equivalents, of an aldehyde or ketone and at least oneequivalent based on the amino compound of a metal hydride reducingagent, such as sodium cyanoborohydride, in an inert diluent, such asmethanol, tetrahydrofuran, mixtures thereof and the like, at atemperature ranging from about 0° C. to about 50° C. for about 1 toabout 72 hours. Aldehydes and ketones suitable for use in this reactioninclude, by way of example, benzaldehyde, 4-chlorobenzaldehyde,valeraldehyde and the like.

In a similar manner, when a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediatethereof has a substituent containing a hydroxyl group, the hydroxylgroup can be further modified or derivatized either before or after theabove coupling reactions to provide, by way of example, ethers,carbamates and the like. Compounds having a hydroxyl group on the R⁵substituent, for example, can be prepared using an amino acid derivativeof formula VI derived from tyrosine and the like in the above-describedreactions.

By way of example, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereofhaving a substituent containing a hydroxyl group can be readilyO-alkylated to form ethers. This O-alkylation reaction is typicallyconducted by contacting the hydroxy compound with a suitable alkali oralkaline earth metal base, such as potassium carbonate, in an inertdiluent, such as acetone, 2-butanone and the like, to form the alkali oralkaline earth metal salt of the hydroxyl group. This salt is generallynot isolated, but is reacted in situ with at least one equivalent of analkyl or substituted alkyl halide or sulfonate, such as an alkylchloride, bromide, iodide, mesylate or tosylate, to afford the ether.Generally, this reaction is conducted at a temperature ranging fromabout 60° C. to about 150° C. for about 24 to about 72 hours.Preferably, a catalytic amount of sodium or potassium iodide is added tothe reaction mixture when an alkyl chloride or bromide is employed inthe reaction.

Examples of alkyl or substituted alkyl halides and sulfonates suitablefor use in this reaction include, but are not limited to, tert-butylbromoacetate, N-tert-butyl chloroacetamide, 1-bromoethylbenzene, ethylα-bromophenylacetate, 2-(N-ethyl-N-phenylamino)ethyl chloride,2-(N,N-ethylamino)ethyl chloride, 2-(N,N-diisopropylamino)ethylchloride, 2-(N,N-dibenzylamino)ethyl chloride, 3-(N,N-ethylamino)propylchloride, 3-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)propyl chloride,N-(2-chloroethyl)morpholine, 2-(hexamethyleneimino)ethyl chloride,3-(N-methylpiperazine)propyl chloride,1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine,2-(4-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidine)ethyl chloride,N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-3-piperidinemethyl tosylate and the like.

Alternatively, a hydroxyl group present on a substituent of a compoundof formula I/IA or an intermediate thereof can be O-alkylating using theMitsunobu reaction. In this reaction, an alcohol, such as3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-propanol and the like, is reacted with about 1.0to about 1.3 equivalents of triphenylphosphine and about 1.0 to about1.3 equivalents of diethyl azodicarboxylate in an inert diluent, such astetrahydrofuran, at a temperature ranging from about −10° C. to about 5°C. for about 0.25 to about 1 hour. About 1.0 to about 1.3 equivalents ofa hydroxy compound, such as N-tert-butyltyrosine methyl ester, is thenadded and the reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature of about 0°C. to about 30° C. for about 2 to about 48 hours to provide theO-alcylated product.

In a similar manner, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediatethereof containing a aryl hydroxy group can be reacted with an aryliodide to provide a diaryl ether. Generally, this reaction is conductedby forming the alkali metal salt of the hydroxyl group using a suitablebase, such as sodium hydride, in an inert diluent such as xylenes at atemperature of about −25° C. to about 10° C. The salt is then treatedwith about 1.1 to about 1.5 equivalents of cuprous bromide dimethylsulfide complex at a temperature ranging from about 10° C. to about 30°C. for about 0.5 to about 2.0 hours, followed by about 1.1 to about 1.5equivalents of an aryl iodide, such as sodium 2-iodobenzoate and thelike. The reaction is then heated to about 70° C. to about 150° C. forabout 2 to about 24 hours to provide the diaryl ether.

Additionally, a hydroxy-containing compound can also be readilyderivatized to form a carbamate. In one method for preparing suchcarbamates, a hydroxy compound of formula I/IA or an intermediatethereof is contacted with about 1.0 to about 1.2 equivalents of4-nitrophenyl chloroformate in an inert diluent, such asdichloromethane, at a temperature ranging from about −25° C. to about 0°C. for about 0.5 to about 2.0 hours. Treatment of the resultingcarbonate with an excess, preferably about 2 to about 5 equivalents, ofa trialkylamine, such as triethylamine, for about 0.5 to 2 hours,followed by about 1.0 to about 1.5 equivalents of a primary or secondaryamine provides the carbamate. Examples of amines suitable for using inthis reaction include, but are not limited to, piperazine,1-methylpiperazine, 1-acetylpiperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine,pyrrolidine, piperidine and the like.

Alternatively, in another method for preparing carbamates, ahydroxy-containing compound is contacted with about 1.0 to about 1.5equivalents of a carbamyl chloride in an inert diluent, such asdichloromethane, at a temperature ranging from about 25° C. to about 70°C. for about 2 to about 72 hours. Typically, this reaction is conductedin the presence of a suitable base to scavenge the acid generated duringthe reaction. Suitable bases include, by way of example, tertiaryamines, such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholineand the like. Additionally, at least one equivalent (based on thehydroxy compound) of 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine is preferably addedto the reaction mixture to facilitate the reaction. Examples of carbamylchlorides suitable for use in this reaction include, by way of example,dimethylcarbamyl chloride, diethylcarbamyl chloride and the like.

Likewise, when a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereofcontains a primary or secondary hydroxyl group, such hydroxyl groups canbe readily converted into a leaving group and displaced to form, forexample, amines, sulfides and fluorides. For example, derivatives of4-hydroxy-L-proline can be converted into the corresponding 4-amino,4-thio or 4-fluoro-L-proline derivatives via nucleophilic displacementof the derivatized hydroxyl group. Generally, when a chiral compound isemployed in these reactions, the stereochemistry at the carbon atomattached to the derivatized hydroxyl group is typically inverted.

These reactions are typically conducted by first converting the hydroxylgroup into a leaving group, such as a tosylate, by treatment of thehydroxy compound with at least one equivalent of a sulfonyl halide, suchas p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and the like, in pyridine. This reactionis generally conducted at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 70°C. for about 1 to about 48 hours. The resulting tosylate can then bereadily displaced with sodium azide, for example, by contacting thetosylate with at least one equivalent of sodium azide in an inertdiluent, such as a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and water, at atemperature ranging from about 0° C. to about 37° C. for about 1 toabout 12 hours to provide the corresponding azido compound. The azidogroup can then be reduced by, for example, hydrogenation using apalladium on carbon catalyst to provide the amino (—NH₂) compound.

Similarly, a tosylate group can be readily displaced by a thiol to forma sulfide. This reaction is typically conducted by contacting thetosylate with at least one equivalent of a thiol, such as thiophenol, inthe presence of a suitable base, such as1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), in an inert diluent, such asN,N-dimethylformamide, at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 37°C. for about 1 to about 12 hours to provide the sulfide. Additionally,treatment of a tosylate with morpholinosulfur trifluoride in an inertdiluent, such as dichloromethane, at a temperature ranging from about 0°C. to about 37° C. for about 12 to about 24 hours affords thecorresponding fluoro compound.

Furthermore, a compound of formula I/IA or an intermediate thereofhaving a substituent containing an iodoaryl group, for example, when R⁵is a (4-iodophenyl)methyl group, can be readily converted either beforeor after the above coupling reactions into a biaryl compound. Typically,this reaction is conducted by treating the iodoaryl compound with about1.1 to about 2 equivalents of an arylzinc iodide, such as2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenylzinc iodide, in the presence of a palladiumcatalyst, such as palladium tetra(triphenylphosphine), in an inertdiluent, such as tetrahydrofuran, at a temperature ranging from about24° C. to about 30° C. until the reaction is complete. This reaction isfurther described, for example, in Rieke, J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 1445.

In some cases, the compounds of formula I/IA or intermediates thereofmay contain substituents having one or more sulfur atoms. Such sulfuratoms will be present, for example, when the amino acid of formula IIemployed in the above reactions is derived fromL-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid,L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid,L-thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid and the like. When present, suchsulfur atoms can be oxidized either before or after the above couplingreactions to provide a sulfoxide or sulfone compound using conventionalreagents and reaction conditions. Suitable reagents for oxidizing asulfide compound to a sulfoxide include, by way of example, hydrogenperoxide, 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA), sodium periodate and thelike. The oxidation reaction is typically conducted by contacting thesulfide compound with about 0.95 to about 1.1 equivalents of theoxidizing reagent in an inert diluent, such as dichloromethane, at atemperature ranging from about −50° C. to about 75° C. for about 1 toabout 24 hours. The resulting sulfoxide can then be further oxidized tothe corresponding sulfone by contacting the sulfoxide with at least oneadditional equivalent of an oxidizing reagent, such as hydrogenperoxide, MCPBA, potassium permanganate and the like. Alternatively, thesulfone can be prepared directly by contacting the sulfide with at leasttwo equivalents, and preferably an excess, of the oxidizing reagent.Such reactions are described further in March, “Advanced OrganicChemistry”, 4th Ed., pp. 1202-1202, Wiley Publishers, (1992).

As described above, the compounds of formula I/IA having an substituentother an hydrogen can be prepared using an N-substituted amino acid offormula II, such as sarcosine, N-methyl-L-phenylalanine and the like, inthe above-described coupling reactions. Alternatively, such compoundscan be prepared by N-alkylation of a sulfonamide of formula I or IV(where R² is hydrogen) using conventional synthetic procedures.Typically, this N-alkylation reaction is conducted by contacting thesulfonamide with at least one equivalent, preferably 1.1 to 2equivalents, of an alkyl or substituted alkyl halide in the presence ofa suitable base, such as potassium carbonate, in an inert diluent, suchas acetone, 2-butanone and the like, at a temperature ranging from about25° C. to about 70° C. for about 2 to about 48 hours. Examples of alkylor substituted alkyl halides suitable for use in this reaction include,but are not limited to, methyl iodide, and the like.

Additionally, the sulfonamides of formula I or IV wherein R² is hydrogenand R¹ is a 2-alkoxycarbonylaryl group can be intramolecularly cyclizedto form 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one derivatives or analogues thereof. Thisreaction is typically conducted by treating a sulfonamide, such asN-(2-methoxycarbonylphenylsulfonyl)glycine-L-phenylalanine benzyl ester,with about 1.0 to 1.5 equivalents of a suitable base, such as an alkalimetal hydride, in a inert diluent, such as tetrahydrofuran, at atemperature ranging from about 0° C. to about 30° C. for about 2 toabout 48 hours to afford the cyclized 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-onederivative.

Lastly, the compounds of formula I where Q is —C(S)NR⁷— are prepared byusing an amino thionoacid derivative in place of amino acid II in theabove described synthetic procedures. Such amino thionoacid derivativescan be prepared by the procedures described in Shalaky, et al., J. Org.Chem., 61:9045-9048 (1996) and Brain, et al., J. Org. Chem.,62:3808-3809 (1997) and references cited therein.

Pharmaceutical Formulations

When employed as pharmaceuticals, the compounds of formula I and IA areusually administered in the form of pharmaceutical compositions. Thesecompounds can be administered by a variety of routes including oral,rectal, transdermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, andintranasal. These compounds are effective as both injectable and oralcompositions. Such compositions are prepared in a manner well known inthe pharmaceutical art and comprise at least one active compound.

This invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions which contain,as the active ingredient, one or more of the compounds of formula I andIA above associated with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. In makingthe compositions of this invention, the active ingredient is usuallymixed with an excipient, diluted by an excipient or enclosed within sucha carrier which can be in the form of a capsule, sachet, paper or othercontainer. When the excipient serves as a diluent, it can be a solid,semi-solid, or liquid material, which acts as a vehicle, carrier ormedium for the active ingredient. Thus, the compositions can be in theform of tablets, pills, powders, lozenges, sachets, cachets, elixirs,suspensions, emulsions, solutions, syrups, aerosols (as a solid or in aliquid medium), ointments containing, for example, up to 10% by weightof the active compound, soft and hard gelatin capsules, suppositories,sterile injectable solutions, and sterile packaged powders.

In preparing a formulation, it may be necessary to mill the activecompound to provide the appropriate particle size prior to combiningwith the other ingredients. If the active compound is substantiallyinsoluble, it ordinarily is milled to a particle size of less than 200mesh. If the active compound is substantially water soluble, theparticle size is normally adjusted by milling to provide a substantiallyuniform distribution in the formulation, e.g. about 40 mesh.

Some examples of suitable excipients include lactose, dextrose, sucrose,sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates,tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose,polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup, and methyl cellulose. Theformulations can additionally include: lubricating agents such as talc,magnesium stearate, and mineral oil; wetting agents; emulsifying andsuspending agents; preserving agents such as methyl- andpropylhydroxy-benzoates; sweetening agents; and flavoring agents. Thecompositions of the invention can be formulated so as to provide quick,sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient afteradministration to the patient by employing procedures known in the art.

The compositions are preferably formulated in a unit dosage form, eachdosage containing from about 5 to about 100 mg, more usually about 10 toabout 30 mg, of the active ingredient. The term “unit dosage forms”refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages forhuman subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predeterminedquantity of active material calculated to produce the desiredtherapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceuticalexcipient.

The active compound is effective over a wide dosage range and isgenerally administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. It, willbe understood, however, that the amount of the compound actuallyadministered will be determined by a physician, in the light of therelevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, thechosen route of administration, the actual compound administered, theage, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of thepatient's symptoms, and the like.

For preparing solid compositions such as tablets, the principal activeingredient is mixed with a pharmaceutical excipient to form a solidpreformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of acompound of the present invention. When referring to thesepreformulation compositions as homogeneous, it is meant that the activeingredient is dispersed evenly throughout the composition so that thecomposition may be readily subdivided into equally effective unit dosageforms such as tablets, pills and capsules. This solid preformulation isthen subdivided into unit dosage forms of the type described abovecontaining from, for example, 0.1 to about 500 mg of the activeingredient of the present invention.

The tablets or pills of the present invention may be coated or otherwisecompounded to provide a dosage form affording the advantage of prolongedaction. For example, the tablet or pill can comprise an inner dosage andan outer dosage component, the latter being in the form of an envelopeover the former. The two components can separated by an enteric layerwhich serves to resist disintegration in the stomach and permit theinner component to pass intact into the duodenum or to be delayed inrelease. A variety of materials can be used for such enteric layers orcoatings, such materials including a number of polymeric acids andmixtures of polymeric acids with such materials as shellac, cetylalcohol, and cellulose acetate.

The liquid forms in which the novel compositions of the presentinvention may be incorporated for administration orally or by injectioninclude aqueous solutions suitably flavored syrups, aqueous or oilsuspensions, and flavored emulsions with edible oils such as cottonseedoil, sesame oil, coconut oil, or peanut oil, as well as elixirs andsimilar pharmaceutical vehicles.

Compositions for inhalation or insufflation include solutions andsuspensions in pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous or organic solvents,or mixtures thereof, and powders. The liquid or solid compositions maycontain suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients as describedsupra. Preferably the compositions are administered by the oral or nasalrespiratory route for local or systemic effect. Compositions inpreferably pharmaceutically acceptable solvents may be nebulized by useof inert gases. Nebulized solutions may be breathed directly from thenebulizing device or the nebulizing device may be attached to a facemasks tent, or intermittent positive pressure breathing machine.Solution, suspension, or powder compositions may be administered,preferably orally or nasally, from devices which deliver the formulationin an appropriate manner.

The following formulation examples illustrate the pharmaceuticalcompositions of the present invention.

Formulation Example 1

Hard gelatin capsules containing the following ingredients are prepared:

Quantity Ingredient (mg/capsule) Active Ingredient 30.0  Starch 305.0 Magnesium stearate 5.0

The above ingredients are mixed and filled into hard gelatin capsules in340 mg quantities.

Formulation Example 2

A tablet formula is prepared using the ingredients below:

Quantity Ingredient (mg/tablet) Active Ingredient 25.0  Cellulose,microcrystalline 200.0  Colloidal silicon dioxide 10.0  Stearic acid 5.0

The components are blended and compressed to form tablets, each weighing240 mg.

Formulation Example 3

A dry powder inhaler formulation is prepared containing the followingcomponents:

Ingredient Weight % Active Ingredient  5 Lactose 95

The active mixture is mixed with the lactose and the mixture is added toa dry powder inhaling appliance.

Formulation Example 4

Tablets, each containing 30 mg of active ingredient, are prepared asfollows:

Quantity Ingredient (mg/tablet) Active Ingredient 30.0 mg Starch 45.0 mgMicrocrystalline cellulose 35.0 mg Polyvinylpyrrolidone (as 10% solutionin water)  4.0 mg Sodium carboxymethyl starch  4.5 mg Magnesium stearate 0.5 mg Talc  1.0 mg Total  120 mg

The active ingredient, starch and cellulose are passed through a No. 20mesh U.S. sieve and mixed thoroughly. The solution ofpolyvinyl-pyrrolidone is mixed with the resultant powders, which arethen passed through a 16 mesh U.S. sieve. The granules so produced aredried at 50° to 60° C. and passed through a 16 mesh U.S. sieve. Thesodium carboxymethyl starch, magnesium stearate, and talc, previouslypassed through a No. 30 mesh U.S. sieve, are then added to the granuleswhich, after mixing, are compressed on a tablet machine to yield tabletseach weighing 150 mg.

Formulation Example 5

Capsules, each containing 40 mg of medicament are made as follows:

Quantity Ingredient (mg/tablet) Active Ingredient  40.0 mg Starch 109.0mg Magnesium stearate  1.0 mg Total 150.0 mg

The active ingredient, cellulose, starch, an magnesium stearate areblended, passed through a No. 20 mesh U.S. sieve, and filled into hardgelatin capsules in 150 mg quantities.

Formulation Example 6

Suppositories, each containing 25 mg of active ingredient are made asfollows:

Ingredient Amount Active Ingredient   25 mg Saturated fatty acidglycerides to 2,000 mg

The active ingredient is passed through a No. 60 mesh U.S. sieve andsuspended in the saturated fatty acid glycerides previously melted usingthe minimum heat necessary. The mixture is then poured into asuppository mold of nominal 2.0 g capacity and allowed to cool.

Formulation Example 7

Suspensions, each containing 50 mg of medicament per 5.0 ml dose aremade as follows:

Ingredient Amount Active Ingredient 50.0 mg Xanthan gum 4.0 mg Sodiumcarboxymethyl cellulose (11%) 50.0 mg Microcrystalline cellulose (89%)Sucrose 1.75 g Sodium benzoate 10.0 mg Flavor and Color q.v. Purifiedwater to 5.0 ml

The medicament, sucrose and xanthan gum are blended, passed through aNo. 10 mesh U.S. sieve, and then mixed with a previously made solutionof the microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inwater. The sodium benzoate, flavor, and color are diluted with some ofthe water and added with stirring. Sufficient water is then added toproduce the required volume.

Formulation Example 8

Quantity Ingredient (mg/capsule) Active Ingredient  15.0 mg Starch 407.0mg Magnesium stearate  3.0 mg Total 425.0 mg

The active ingredient, cellulose, starch, and magnesium stearate areblended, passed through a No. 20 mesh U.S. sieve, and filled into hardgelatin capsules in 560 mg quantities.

Formulation Example 9

An intravenous formulation may be prepared as follows:

Ingredient Quantity Active Ingredient 250.0 mg Isotonic saline 1000 mL

Formulation Example 10

A topical formulation may be prepared as follows:

Ingredient Quantity Active Ingredient   1-10 g Emulsifying Wax    30 gLiquid Paraffin    20 g White Soft Paraffin to 100 g

The white soft paraffin is heated until molten. The liquid paraffin andemulsifying wax are incorporated and stirred until dissolved. The activeingredient is added and stirring is continued until dispersed. Themixture is then cooled until solid.

Another preferred formulation employed in the methods of the presentinvention employs transdermal delivery devices (“patches”). Suchtransdermal patches may be used to provide continuous or discontinuousinfusion of the compounds of the present invention in controlledamounts. The construction and use of transdermal patches for thedelivery of pharmaceutical agents is well known in the art. See, e.g.,U.S. Pat. No. 5,023,252, issued Jun. 11, 1991, which is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety. Such patches may be constructed forcontinuous, pulsatile, or on demand delivery of pharmaceutical agents.

When it is desirable or necessary to introduce the pharmaceuticalcomposition to the brain, either direct or indirect techniques may beemployed. Direct techniques usually involve placement of a drug deliverycatheter into the host's ventricular system to bypass the blood-brainbarrier. One such implantable delivery system used for the transport ofbiological factors to specific anatomical regions of the body isdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,472 which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

Indirect techniques, which are generally preferred, usually involveformulating the compositions to provide for drug latentiation by theconversion of hydrophilic drugs into lipid-soluble drugs. Latentiationis generally achieved through blocking of the hydroxy, carbonyl,sulfate, and primary amine groups present on the drug to render the drugmore lipid soluble and amenable to transportation across the blood-brainbarrier. Alternatively, the delivery of hydrophilic drugs may beenhanced by intra-arterial infusion of hypertonic solutions which cantransiently open the blood-brain barrier.

Utility

The compounds of this invention can be employed to bind VLA-4 (α₁β₁integrin) in biological samples and, accordingly have utility in, forexample, assaying such samples for VLA-4. In such assays, the compoundscan be bound to a solid support and the VLA-4 sample added thereto. Theamount of VLA-4 in the sample can be determined by conventional methodssuch as use of a sandwich ELISA assay. Alternatively, labeled VLA-4 canbe used in a competitive assay to measure for the presence of VLA-4 inthe sample. Other suitable assays are well known in the art.

In addition, certain of the compounds of this invention inhibit, invivo, adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells mediated by VLA-4 and,accordingly, can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by VLA-4.Such diseases include inflammatory diseases in mammalian patients suchas asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes(including acute juvenile onset diabetes), inflammatory bowel disease(including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), multiple sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis,meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, and other cerebral traumas, nephritis,retinitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, myocardial ischemia and acuteleukocyte-mediated lung injury such as that which occurs in adultrespiratory distress syndrome.

The biological activity of the compounds identified above may be assayedin a variety of systems. For example, a compound can be immobilized on asolid surface and adhesion of cells expressing VLA-4 can be measured.Using such formats, large numbers of compounds can be screened. Cellssuitable for this assay include any leukocytes known to express VLA-4such as T cells, B cells, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Anumber of leukocyte cell lines can also be used, examples include Jurkatand U937.

The test compounds can also be tested for the ability to competitivelyinhibit binding between VLA-4 and VCAM-1, or between VLA-4 and a labeledcompound known to bind VLA-4 such as a compound of this invention orantibodies to VLA4. In these assays, the VCAM-1 can be immobilized on asolid surface. VCAM-1 may also be expressed as a recombinant fusionprotein having an Ig tail (e.g., IgG₁) so that binding to VLA-4 may bedetected in an immunoassay. Alternatively, VCAM-1 expressing cells, suchas activated endothelial cells or VCAM-1 transfected fibroblasts can beused. For assays to measure the ability to block adhesion to brainendothelial cells, the assays described in International PatentApplication Publication No. WO 91/05038 are particularly preferred. Thisapplication is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Many assay formats employ labelled assay components. The labellingsystems can be in a variety of forms. The label may be coupled directlyor indirectly to the desired component of the assay according to methodswell known in the art. A wide variety of labels may be used. Thecomponent may be labelled by any one of several methods. The most commonmethod of detection is the use of autoradiography with ³H, ¹²⁵I, ³⁵S,¹⁴C, or ³²P labelled compounds and the like. Non-radioactive labelsinclude ligands which bind to labelled antibodies, fluorophores,chemiluminescent agents, enzymes and antibodies which can serve asspecific binding pair members for a labelled ligand. The choice of labeldepends on sensitivity required, ease of conjugation with the compound,stability requirements, and available instrumentation.

Appropriate in vivo models for demonstrating efficacy in treatinginflammatory responses include EAE (experimental autoimmuneencephalomyelitis) in mice, rats, guinea pigs or primates, as well asother inflammatory models dependent upon α4 integrins.

Compounds having the desired biological activity may be modified asnecessary to provide desired properties such as improved pharmacologicalproperties (e.g., in vivo stability, bio-availability), or the abilityto be detected in diagnostic applications. For instance, inclusion ofone or more D-amino acids in the sulfonamides of this inventiontypically increases in vivo stability. Stability can be assayed in avariety of ways such as by measuring the half-life of the proteinsduring incubation with peptidases or human plasma or serum. A number ofsuch protein stability assays have been described (see, e.g., Verhoef,et al., Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 1990, 15(2):83-93).

For diagnostic purposes, a wide variety of labels may be linked to thecompounds, which may provide, directly or indirectly, a detectablesignal. Thus, the compounds of t he subject invention may be modified ina variety of ways for a variety of end purposes while still retainingbiological activity. In addition, various reactive sites may beintroduced at the terminus for linking to particles, solid substrates,macromolecules, and the like.

Labeled compounds can be used in a variety of in vivo or in vitroapplications. A wide variety of labels may be employed, such asradionuclides (e.g., gamma-emitting radioisotopes such as technetium-99or indium-111), fluorescers (e.g., fluorescein), enzymes, enzymesubstrates, enzyme cofactors, enzyme inhibitors, chemiluminescentcompounds, bioluminescent compounds, and the like. Those of ordinaryskill in the art will know of other suitable labels for binding to thecomplexes, or will be able to ascertain such using routineexperimentation. The binding of these labels is achieved using standardtechniques common to those of ordinary skill in the art.

In vitro uses include diagnostic applications such as monitoringinflammatory responses by detecting the presence of leukocytesexpressing VLA-4. The compounds of this invention can also be used forisolating or labeling such cells. In addition, as mentioned above, thecompounds of the invention can be used to assay for potential inhibitorsof VLA-4/VCAM-1 interactions.

For in vivo diagnostic imaging to identify, e.g., sites of inflammation,radioisotopes are typically used in accordance with well knowntechniques. The radioisotopes may be bound to the peptide eitherdirectly or indirectly using intermediate functional groups. Forinstance, chelating agents such as diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid(DTPA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and similar moleculeshave been used to bind proteins to metallic ion radioisotopes.

The complexes can also be labeled with a paramagnetic isotope forpurposes of in vivo diagnosis, as in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orelectron spin resonance (ESR), both of which are well known. In general,any conventional method for visualizing diagnostic images can be used.Usually gamma- and positron-emitting radioisotopes are used for cameraimaging and paramagnetic isotopes are used for MRI. Thus, the compoundscan be used to monitor the course of amelioration of an inflammatoryresponse in an individual. By measuring the increase or decrease inlymphocytes expressing VLA-4 it is possible to determine whether aparticular therapeutic regimen aimed at ameliorating the disease iseffective.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can be used toblock or inhibit cellular adhesion associated with a number of diseasesand disorders. For instance, a number of inflammatory disorders areassociated with integrins or leukocytes. Treatable disorders include,e.g., transplantation rejection (e.g., allograft rejection), Alzheimer'sdisease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes (including acutejuvenile onset diabetes), retinitis, cancer metastases, rheumatoidarthritis, acute leukocyte-mediated lung injury (e.g., adult respiratorydistress syndrome), asthma, nephritis, and acute and chronicinflammation, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, myocardialischemia, and inflammatory bowel disease (including Crohn's disease andulcerative colitis). In preferred embodiments, the pharmaceuticalcompositions are used to treat inflammatory brain disorders, such asAlzheimer's disease, AIDS dementia, multiple sclerosis (MS), viralmeningitis and encephalitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a collective term for two similar diseasesreferred to as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn's diseaseis an idiopathic, chronic ulceroconstrictive inflammatory diseasecharacterized by sharply delimited and typically transmural involvementof all layers of the bowel wall by a granulomatous inflammatoryreaction. Any segment of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth tothe anus, may be involved, although the disease most commonly affectsthe terminal ileum and/or colon. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatoryresponse limited largely to the colonic mucosa and submucosa.Lymphocytes and macrophages are numerous in lesions of inflammatorybowel disease and may contribute to inflammatory injury.

Asthma is a disease characterized by increased responsiveness of thetracheobronchial tree to various stimuli potentiating paroxysmalconstriction of the bronchial airways. The stimuli cause release ofvarious mediators of inflammation from IgE-coated mast cells includinghistamine, eosinophilic and neutrophilic chemotactic factors,leukotrines, prostaglandin and platelet activating factor. Release ofthese factors recruits basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils, whichcause inflammatory injury.

Atherosclerosis is a disease of arteries (e.g., coronary, carotid, aortaand iliac). The basic lesion, the atheroma, consists of a raised focalplaque within the intima, having a core of lipid and a covering fibrouscap. Atheromas compromise arterial blood flow and weaken affectedarteries. Myocardial and cerebral infarcts are a major consequence ofthis disease. Macrophages and leukocytes are recruited to atheromas andcontribute to inflammatory injury.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease thatprimarily causes impairment and destruction of joints. Rheumatoidarthritis usually first affects the small joints of the hands and feetbut then may involve the wrists, elbows, ankles and knees. The arthritisresults from interaction of synovial cells with leukocytes thatinfiltrate from the circulation into the synovial lining of the joints.See e.g., Paul, Immunology (3d ed., Raven Press, 1993).

Another indication for the compounds of this invention is in treatmentof organ or graft rejection mediated by VLA-4. Over recent years therehas been a considerable improvement in the efficiency of surgicaltechniques for transplanting tissues and organs such as skin, kidney,liver, heart, lung, pancreas and bone marrow. Perhaps the principaloutstanding problem is the lack of satisfactory agents for inducingimmunotolerance in the recipient to the transplanted allograft or organ.When allogeneic cells or organs are transplanted into a host (i.e., thedonor and donee are different individuals from the same species), thehost immune system is likely to mount an immune response to foreignantigens in the transplant (host-versus-graft disease) leading todestruction of the transplanted tissue. CD8⁺ cells, CD4 cells andmonocytes are all involved in the rejection of transplant tissues.Compounds of this invention which bind to alpha-4 integrin are useful,inter alia, to block alloantigen-induced immune responses in the doneethereby preventing such cells from participating in the destruction ofthe transplanted tissue or organ. See, e.g., Paul et al., TransplantInternational 9, 420-425 (1996); Georczynski et al., Immunology 87,573-580 (1996); Georcyznski et al., Transplant. Immunol. 3, 55-61(1995); Yang et al., Transplantation 60, 71-76 (1995); Anderson et al.,APMIS 102, 23-27 (1994).

A related use for compounds of this invention which bind to VLA-4 is inmodulating the immune response involved in “graft versus host” disease(GVHD). See e.g., Schlegel et al., J. Immunol. 155, 3856-3865 (1995).GVHD is a potentially fatal disease that occurs when immunologicallycompetent cells are transferred to an allogeneic recipient. In thissituation, the donor's immunocompetent cells may attack tissues in therecipient. Tissues of the skin, gut epithelia and liver are frequenttargets and may be destroyed during the course of GVHD. The diseasepresents an especially severe problem when immune tissue is beingtransplanted, such as in bone marrow transplantation; but less severeGVHD has also been reported in other cases as well, including heart andliver transplants. The therapeutic agents of the present invention areused, inter alia, to block-activation of the donor T-cells therebyinterfering with their ability to lyse target cells in the host.

A further use of the compounds of this invention is inhibiting tumormetastasis. Several tumor cells have been reported to express VLA-4 andcompounds which bind VLA-4 block adhesion of such cells to endothelialcells. Steinback et al., Urol. Res. 23, 175-83 (1995); Orosz et al.,Int. J. Cancer 60, 867-71 (1995); Freedman et al., Leuk. Lymphoma 13,47-52 (1994); Okahara et al., Cancer Res. 54, 3233-6 (1994).

A further use of the compounds of this invention is in treating multiplesclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurological autoimmunedisease that affects an estimated 250,000 to 350,000 people in theUnited States. Multiple sclerosis is thought to be the result of aspecific autoimmune reaction in which certain leukocytes attack andinitiate the destruction of myelin, the insulating sheath covering nervefibers. In an animal model for multiple sclerosis, murine monoclonalantibodies directed against VLA-4 have been shown to block the adhesionof leukocytes to the endothelium, and thus prevent inflammation of thecentral nervous system and subsequent paralysis in the animals.¹⁶

Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are suitable for use in avariety of drug delivery systems. Suitable formulations for use in thepresent invention are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, MacePublishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa., 17th ed. (1985).

In order to enhance serum half-life, the compounds may be encapsulated,introduced into the lumen of liposomes, prepared as a colloid, or otherconventional techniques may be employed which provide an extended serumhalf-life of the compounds. A variety of methods are available forpreparing liposomes, as described in, e.g., Szoka, et al., U.S. Pat.Nos. 4,235,871, 4,501,728 and 4,837,028 each of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

The amount administered to the patient will vary depending upon what isbeing administered, the purpose of the administration, such asprophylaxis or therapy, the state of the patient, the manner ofadministration, and the like. In therapeutic applications, compositionsare administered to a patient already suffering from a disease in anamount sufficient to cure or at least partially arrest the symptoms ofthe disease and its complications. An amount adequate to accomplish thisis defined as “therapeutically effective dose.” Amounts effective forthis use will depend on the disease condition being treated as well asby the judgment of the attending clinician depending upon factors suchas the severity of the inflammation, the age, weight and generalcondition of the patient, and the like.

The compositions administered to a patient are in the form ofpharmaceutical compositions described above. These compositions may besterilized by conventional sterilization techniques, or may be sterilefiltered. The resulting aqueous solutions may be packaged for use as is,or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with asterile aqueous carrier prior to administration. The pH of the compoundpreparations typically will be between 3 and 11, more preferably from 5to 9 and most preferably from 7 to 8. It will be understood that use ofcertain of the foregoing excipients, carriers, or stabilizers willresult in the formation of pharmaceutical salts.

The therapeutic dosage of the compounds of the present invention willvary according to, for example, the particular use for which thetreatment is made, the manner of administration of the compound, thehealth and condition of the patient, and the judgment of the prescribingphysician. For example, for intravenous administration, the dose willtypically be in the range of about 20 μg to about 500 μg per kilogrambody weight, preferably about 100 μg to about 300 μg per kilogram bodyweight. Suitable dosage ranges for intranasal administration aregenerally about 0.1 pg to 1 mg per kilogram body weight. Effective dosescan be extrapolated from dose-response curves derived from in vitro oranimal model test systems.

The following synthetic and biological examples are offered toillustrate this invention and are not to be construed in any way aslimiting the scope of this invention. Unless otherwise stated, alltemperatures are in degrees Celsius.

EXAMPLES

In the examples below, the following abbreviations have the followingmeanings. If an abbreviation is not defined, it has its generallyaccepted meaning.

aq or aq. = aqueous AcOH = acetic acid bd = broad doublet bm = broadmultiplet bs = broad singlet Bn = benzyl Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl Boc₂O= di-tert-butyl dicarbonate BOP = benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate Cbz = carbobenzyloxyCHCl₃ = chloroform CH₂Cl₂ = dichloromethane (COCl)₂ = oxalyl chloride d= doublet dd = doublet of doublets dt = doublet of triplets DBU =1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DCC = 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodimideDMAP = 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine DME = ethylene glycol dimethyl etherDMF = N,N-dimethylformamide DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide EDC =1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride Et₃N =triethylamine Et₂O = diethyl ether EtOAc = ethyl acetate EtOH = ethanoleq or eq. = equivalent Fmoc = N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) FmocONSu =N-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)succinimide g = grams h = hour H₂O = waterHBr = hydrobromic acid HCl = hydrochloric acid HOBT =1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate hr = hour K₂CO₃ = potassium carbonate L =liter m = multiplet MeOH methanol mg = milligram MgSO₄ = magnesiumsulfate mL = milliliter mm = millimeter mM = millimolar mmol = millimolmp = melting point N = normal NaCl = sodium chloride Na₂CO₃ ₌ sodiumcarbonate NaHCO₃ ₌ sodium bicarbonate NaOEt = sodium ethoxide NaOH =sodium hydroxide NH₄Cl = ammonium chloride NMM = N-methylmorpholine Phe= L-phenylalanine Pro = L-proline psi = pounds per square inch PtO₂ ₌platinum oxide q = quartet quint. = quintet rt = room temperature s =singlet sat = saturated t = triplet t-BuOH = tert-butanol TFA =trifluoroacetic acid THF = tetrahydrofuran TLC or tlc = thin layerchromatography Ts = tosyl TsCl = tosyl chloride TsOH = tosylate μL =microliter

In the examples below, all temperatures are in degrees Celsius (unlessotherwise indicated). The following Methods were used to prepare thecompounds set forth below as indicated.

Method 1 N-Tosylation Procedure

N-Tosylation of the appropriate amino acid was conducted via the methodof Cupps, Boutin and Rapoport J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 3972.

Method 2 Methyl Ester Preparation Procedure

Amino acid methyl esters were prepared using the method of Brenner andHuber Helv. Chim. Acta 1953, 36, 1109.

Method 3 BOP Coupling Procedure

The desired dipeptide ester was prepared by the reaction of a suitableN-protected amino acid (1 equivalent) with the appropriate amino acidester or amino acid ester hydrochloride (1 equivalent),benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate[BOP] (2.0 equivalent), triethylamine (1.1 equivalent), and DMF. Thereaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The crudeproduct is purified flash chromatography to afford the dipeptide ester.

Method 4 Hydrogenation Procedure I

Hydrogenation was performed using 10% palladium on carbon (10% byweight) in methanol at 30 psi overnight. The mixture was filteredthrough a pad of Celite and the filtrate concentrated to yield thedesired amino compound.

Method 5 Hydrolysis Procedure I

To a chilled (0° C.) THF/H₂O solution (2:1, 5-10 mL) of the appropriateester was added LiOH (or NaOH) (0.95 equivalents). The temperature wasmaintained at 0° C. and the reaction was complete in 1-3 hours. Thereaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the aqueous phasewas lyophilized resulting in the desired carboxylate salt.

Method 6 Ester Hydrolysis Procedure II

To a chilled (0° C.) THF/H₂O solution (2:1, 5-10 mL) of the appropriateester was added LiOH (1.1 equivalents). The temperature was maintainedat 0° C. and the reaction was complete in 1-3 hours. The reactionmixture was concentrated and the residue was taken up into H₂O and thepH adjusted to 2-3 with aqueous HCl. The product was extracted withethyl acetate and the combined organic phase was washed with brine,dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to yield the desired acid.

Method 7 Ester Hydrolysis Procedure III

The appropriate ester was dissolved in dioxane/H₂O (1:1) and 0.9equivalents of 0.5 N NaOH was added. The reaction was stirred for 3-16hours and than concentrated. The resulting residue was dissolved in H₂Oand extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase was lyophilized toyield the desired carboxylate sodium salt.

Method 8 Sulfonylation Procedure I

To the appropriately protected aminophenylalanine analog (11.2 mmol),dissolved in methylene chloride (25 ml) and cooled to −78° C. was addedthe desired sulfonyl chloride (12 mmol) followed by dropwise addition ofpyridine (2 mL). The solution was allowed to warm to room temperatureand was stirred for 48 hr. The reaction solution was transferred to a250 mL separatory funnel with methylene chloride (100 mL) and extractedwith 1N HCl (50 mL×3), brine (50 mL), and water (100 mL). The organicphase was dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent concentrated to yield thedesired product.

Method 9 Reductive Amination Procedure

Reductive amination of Tos-Pro-p-NH2-Phe with the appropriate aldehydewas conducted using acetic acid, sodium triacetoxyborohydride, methylenechloride and the combined mixture was stirred at room temperatureovernight. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography.

Method 10 BOC Removal Procedure

Anhydrous hydrochloride (HCl) gas was bubbled through a methanolicsolution of the appropriate Boc-amino acid ester at 0° C. for 15 minutesand the reaction mixture was stirred for three hours. The solution wasconcentrated to a syrup and dissolved in Et₂O and reconcentrated. Thisprocedure was repeated and the resulting solid was placed under highvacuum overnight.

Method 11 tert-Butyl Ester Hydrolysis Procedure I

The tert-butyl ester was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and treated with TFA. Thereaction was complete in 1-3 hr at which time the reaction mixture wasconcentrated and the residue dissolved in H₂O and lyophilized to yieldthe desired acid.

Method 12 EDC Coupling Procedure I

To a CH₂Cl₂ solution (5-20 mL) of N-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-proline (1equivalent), the appropriate amino acid ester hydrochloride (1equivalent), N-methylmorpholine (1.1-2.2 equivalents) and1-hydroxybenzotriazole (2 equivalents) were mixed, placed in an ice bathand 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (1.1 equivalents)added. The reaction was allowed to rise to room temperature and stirredovernight. The reaction mixture was poured into H₂O and the organicphase was washed with sat. NaHCO₃, brine, dried (MgSO₄ or Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified by columnchromatography.

Method 13 EDC Coupling Procedure II

To a DMF solution (5-20 mL) of the appropriate N-protected amino acid (1equivalent), the appropriated amino acid ester hydrochloride (1equivalent), Et₃N (1.1 equivalents) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (2equivalents) were mixed, placed in an ice bath and1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide (1.1 equivalents) added.The reaction was allowed to rise to room temperature and stirredovernight. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and H₂Oand the organic phase washed with 0.2 N citric acid, H₂O, sat. NaHCO₃,brine, dried (MgSO₄ or Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The crudeproduct was purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC.

Method 14 Sulfonylation Procedure II

The appropriate sulfonyl chloride was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and placed inan ice bath. L-Pro-L-Phe-OMe.HCl (1 equivalent) and Et₃N (1.1equivalent) was added and the reaction allowed to warm to roomtemperature and stirred overnight under an atmosphere of nitrogen. Thereaction mixture was concentrated and the residue partitioned betweenEtOAc and H₂O and the organic phase washed with sat. NaHCO₃, brine,dried (MgSO₄ or Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The crude productwas purified by column chromatography or preparative TLC.

Method 15 Sulfonylation Procedure III

To a solution of L-Pro-L-4-(3-dimethylaminopropyloxy)-Phe-OMe [preparedusing the procedure described in Method 10] (1 equivalent) in CH₂Cl₂ wasadded Et₃N (5 equivalents) followed by the appropriate sulfonyl chloride(1.1 equivalent). The reaction was allowed to warm to room temperatureand stirred overnite under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The mixture wasconcentrated, dissolved in EtOAc, washed with sat. NaHCO₃ and 0.2 Ncitric acid. The aqueous phase was made basic with solid NaHCO₃ and theproduct extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with brine,dried (MgSO₄ or Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated. The crude methylester was purified by preparative TLC. The corresponding acid wasprepared using the procedure described in Method 7.

Method 16 Hydrogenation Procedure II

To a methanol (10-15 mL) solution of the azlactone was added NaOAc (1equivalent) and 10% Pd/C. This mixture was placed on the hydrogenator at40 psi H₂. After 8-16 hours, the reaction mixture was filtered through apad of Celite and the filtrate concentrated to yield thedehydrodipeptide methyl ester. The ester was dissolved in dioxane/H₂O(5-10 mL), to which was added 0.5 N NaOH (1.05 equivalents). Afterstirring for 1-3 hours, the reaction mix was concentrated and theresidue was redissolved in H₂O and washed with EtOAc. The aqueous phasewas made acidic with 0.2 N HCl and the product was extracted with EtOAc.The combined organic phase was washed with brine (1×5 mL), dried (MgSO₄or Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated to yield the acid as approximatelya 1:1 mixture of diastereomers.

Method 17 tert-Butyl Ester Hydrolysis Procedure II

The tert-butyl ester was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL) and treated with TFA(5 mL). The reaction was complete in 1-3 hours at which time thereaction mixture was concentrated and the residue dissolved in H₂O andconcentrated. The residue was redissolved in H₂O and lyophilized toyield the desired product.

Example 1 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO): δ=8.33 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.24 (d,2H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.53 (bs, 2H),3.38-3.31 (m, 3H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.32 (bs, 4H), 2.19(s, 3H), 1.61-1.50 (m, 3H), 1.43-1.38 (m, 1H), 1.13 (t, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO): δ=171.1, 171.1, 153.9, 149.8, 143.6, 134.1, 133.9,130.0, 129.8, 127.4, 121.5, 61.2, 60.7, 54.2, 54.1, 53.3, 49.0, 45.7,44.0, 43.4, 35.8, 30.5, 23.8, 21.0, 14.0.

Example 2 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

Into a reaction vial were combined 7.00 g (15.2 mmol, 1.0 eq)Ts-Pro-Tyr(H)-OEt and 1.86 g (15.2 mmol, 1.0 eq) DMAP. Methylenechloride (50 mL), triethylamine (2.12 mL—1.54 g, 15.2 mmol, 1.0 eq), anddimethylcarbamyl chloride (1.68 mL—1.96 g, 18.2 mmol, 1.2 eq) were thenadded. The vial was capped tightly, and the reaction solution swirled toobtain a homogeneous solution. The reaction solution was then heated to40° C. After 48 h, TLC of the resulting colorless solution indicatedcomplete conversion. The workup of the reaction solution was as follows:add 50 mL EtOAc and 50 mL hexanes to the reaction mixture, and wash with3×50 mL 0.5 mL hexanes to the reaction mixture, and wash with 3×50 mL0.5 M citric acid, 2×50 mL water, 2×50 mL 10% K₂CO₃, and 1×50 mL sat.NaCl. Dry with MgSO₄. Filter. Evaporate to obtain 8.00 g (99%) of thetitle compound as a clear oil, which solidifies upon standing.Recrystallize from 5:3:2 heptane/EtOAc/CH₂Cl₂.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO): δ=8.32 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d,2H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.02 (m, 3H), 3.37-3.31 (m,1H), 3.11-2.96 (m, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.87 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H),1.61-1.50 (m, 3H), 1.43-1.38 (m, 1H), 1.13 (t, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO): δ=171.1, 171.1, 154.0, 150.0, 143.6, 133.9, 133.9,130.0, 129.8, 127.4, 121.5, 61.2, 60.6, 53.3, 49.0, 36.3, 36.1, 35.8,30.5, 23.8, 21.0, 14.0.

Example 3 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.72 (d, 2H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.33 (d, 2H), 7.16 (d,2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 5.07 (Sept., 1H), 4.78 (dt, 1H), 4.08-4.05 (m, 1H),3.67 (bs, 2H), 3.57 (bs, 2H), 3.41-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.24 (dd, 1H),3.15-3.07 (m, 1H), 3.04 (dd, 1H), 3.46-2.43 (m, 7H), 2.34 (s, 3H),2.05-2.02 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.9, 170.4, 153.6, 150.5, 144.3, 133.2, 133.1,130.2, 130.0, 127.9, 121.7, 69.5, 62.2, 54.7, 53.4, 49.6, 46.1, 44.3,43.7, 37.2, 29.7, 24.1, 21.6, 21.6, 21.4.

Example 4 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Combine 41.2 g (84.34 mmol, 1.0 eq) Ts-Pro-Tyr(H)-OtBu and 17.0 g (84.34mmol, 1.0 eq) 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate. Add 700 mL CH₂Cl₂. Cap with aseptum. Attach a N₂ line. Immerse the flask in a 4:1 water/EtOH+dry iceslurry, and stir to cool to −15° C. Add 29.38 mL (21.33 g, 210.81 mmol,2.5 eq) Et₃N over five minutes with stirring. Stir at −10 to −15° C. for1 h. Add 9.35 mL (8.45 g, 84.34 mmol, 1.0 eq) N-methyl piperazine over 3minutes with stirring. Stir overnight while warming to room temperature.Dilute with 700 mL hexanes. Wash repeatedly with 10% K₂CO₃, until noyellow color (4-nitrophenol) is seen in the aqueous layer. Wash withsat. NaCl. Dry over anhydrous MgSO₄. Filter. Evaporate. Dissolve in 500mL EtOH, and evaporate, to remove Et₃N. Repeat once. Dissolve in 400 mLEtOH, and add 600 mL water with stirring, to precipitate a solid or oil.If an oil, stir vigorously to solidify. Isolate the solid by filtration.Repeat dissolution, precipitation, and filtration, once. Rinse withwater to remove traces of yellow color. High vacuum to constant massyields the title compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.72 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 3H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 4.71 (q, 1H), 4.09-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.67 (bs, 2H), 3.57 (bs, 2H),3.41-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.22 (dd, 1H), 3.16-3.09 (m, 1H), 3.03 (dd, 1H),2.46-2.43 (m, 7H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.57-1.43 (m, 3H),1.47 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.8, 169.9, 153.6, 150.4, 144.3, 133.4, 133.1,130.3, 130.0, 127.9, 121.6, 82.6, 62.3, 54.5, 53.8, 49.6, 46.1, 44.3,43.7, 37.3, 29.7, 27.8, 24.1, 21.4.

Example 5 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 1 using theprocedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.74 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 2H), 7.26 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 4.58-4.54 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.12 (m, 1H), 3.70 (bs, 2H) 3.53 (bs, 2H),3.43-3.31 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.13 (m, 7H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H),1.98-1.94 (m, 1H), 1.76-1.51 (m, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=175.7, 173.6, 154.8, 151.6, 146.1, 136.3, 134.8,131.9, 131.3, 129.1, 122.7, 63.6, 55.9, 53.9, 50.7, 43.5, 37.6, 31.3,25.5, 21.5.

Example 6 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=8.31 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d,2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.01 (m, 1H), 3.63-3.30 (m,1H), 3.10-2.96 (m, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H),1.59-1.30 (m, 6H), 1.33-1.20 (m, 2H), 0.85 (t, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=171.4, 171.3, 154.2, 150.2, 143.7, 134.0, 130.1,130.0, 127.6, 121.7, 64.3, 61.2, 59.2, 53.4, 49.0, 36.2, 36.0, 35.8,30.0, 23.8, 21.0, 18.5, 13.5.

Example 7 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineCyclopentyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

1H NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=8.27 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d,2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 5.04 (bs, 1H), 4.48-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.05 (m, 1H),3.34-3.30 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.95 (m, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.39(s, 3H), 1.76-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.40 (m, 10H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=171.3, 171.0, 154.2, 150.2, 432.7, 134.1, 130.1,130.0, 127.6, 121.6, 77.4, 61.2, 53.4, 49.0, 36.2, 36.1, 35.7, 32.0,30.5, 23.8, 23.2, 21.0.

Example 8 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=8.18 (d, 1H), 7.71 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d,2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.104.07 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.30 (m,1H), 3.09-2.95 (m, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H),1.58-1.50 (m, 3H), 1.40-1.30 (m, 1H), 1.36 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=171.1, 170.3, 154.2, 150.2, 143.8, 134.2, 134.1,130.2, 130.0, 127.6, 121.6, 81.0, 61.3, 53.8, 49.0, 36.3, 36.0, 35.9,30.5, 27.5, 23.8, 21.0.

Example 9 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 2 using theprocedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=8.13 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d,2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.09 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.34 (m,2H), 3.11-2.94 (m, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.87 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H),1.59-1.36 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=172.7, 171.2, 153.6, 150.2, 143.8, 134.3, 134.0,130.2, 130.0, 127.6, 121.6, 61.3, 53.2, 49.0, 36.3, 36.1, 35.9, 30.4,23.8, 21.0.

Example 10 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.74 (m, 2H), 7.70-7.36 (m, 4H), 7.24-7.14 (m, 3H),6.93-4.90 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.05-3.55 (m, .5H), 3.48-3.43 (m,5H), 3.37-3.30 (m, 3H), 3.02-3.08 (bs, 3H), 2.99 (bs, 3H), 2.45 (s,1.5H), 2.43 (s, 1.5H), 2.12 (m, 1H), 198, 1.80 (m, .5M),1.62-1.44 (m,2.5H), 1.29 (t, 1.5H), 1.24 (t, 1.5H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.1, 171.0, 170.9, 154.9, 154.8, 151.8, 151.6,144.4, 144.3, 137.6, 137.1, 133.1, 132.9, 130.0, 129.9, 129.5, 129.2,127.9, 127.9, 126.5, 126.1, 122.9, 122.7, 120.7, 120.5.

Example 11 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.01 (m,3H), 5.05 (m, 1H), 4.85 (m, 1H), 4.57 (d, 1H), 4.38 (d, 1H), 3.86(s,1H), 3.19-3.00 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H),1.24 (t, 6H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.3, 168.4, 154.9, 150.6, 144.8, 132.9, 132.8,130.3, 130.0, 128.2, 121.7, 73.4, 69.5, 54.5, 53.2, 50.4, 37.7, 36.5,36.3, 29.0, 23.8, 21.5, 21.4.

Example 12 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.75 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.05-6.98(m, 3H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 3.85 (s, 1H),3.09-3.00 (m, 8H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.8, 168.3, 154.9, 150.6, 144.8, 133.2, 132.9,130.4, 130.0, 128.2, 121.6, 82.6, 73.4, 54.6, 53.8, 50.4, 37.8, 36.5,36.3, 29.0, 27.7, 23.8, 21.5.

Example 13 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 11 using theprocedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.14 (d,1H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.17 (br s, 1H), 4.89 (m, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d,1H), 3.90 (s, 1H), 3.30-3.00 (m, 8H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=172.7, 169.3, 155.2, 150.6, 144.9, 133.1, 132.7,130.5, 130.1, 128.1, 121.9, 73.3, 54.5, 53.3, 50.5, 36.9, 36.6, 36.4,29.0, 23.7, 21.5.

Example 14 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acid was preparedusing the procedure described in Method 1 and was then coupled tot-butyl tyrosine in DMF in the presence of BOP and NMM, to give afteraqueous workup and flash chromatographyN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-phenylalaninetert-butyl ester.

Formation of the 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy) group was per Example 2above and oxidation of the thiamorpholino group to the1,1-dioxo-thiamorpholino group was per Larsson and Carlson (Acta ChemicaScan. 1994, 48, 522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.68 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 7.08 (m, 4H), 6.73 (d,1H), 5.11 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.23 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 3.82 (m,1H), 3.14 (s, 3H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 2.80 (m, 5H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 1.48 (s,9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.3, 169.9, 164.4, 145.6, 135.4, 132.6, 130.8,130.4, 127.3, 121.9, 83.0, 56.1, 53.8, 49.4, 48.7, 44.5, 42.0, 36.9,36.6, 36.4, 27.8, 21.5.

Example 15 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 14 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.77 (d, 2H), 7.40 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.00 (d,2H), 5.19 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 4.30 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 3.61 (m,1H), 3.20 (m, 5H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H).

¹³ C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.1, 168.0, 157.0,152.0, 146.4, 137.7, 135.3,131.7, 131.6, 128.8, 123.0, 57.1, 54.8, 51.1, 50.9, 48.0, 47.7, 43.2,37.4, 36.8, 36.7, 21.5.

Example 16 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.74 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 2H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.20-7.00(m, 3H), 4.74 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H), 4.38 (d, 1H), 3.83 (s, 1H), 3.66(br m, 2H), 3.57 (br m, 2H), 3.08-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 7H), 2.33(s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.7, 168.2, 153.6, 150.3, 144.7, 133.3, 132.7,130.4, 129.9, 128.1, 121.5, 82.6, 73.4, 54.5, 53.7, 50.4, 46.0, 44.2,43.6, 37.7, 28.9, 27.7, 23.8, 21.4.

Example 17 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product Example 16 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.31 (d, 2H), 7.72 (d, 2H), 7.42-7.35 (m, 4H), 7.08(d, 2H), 4.90-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.61 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.01(s, 1H), 3.36-3.32 (br m, 4H), 3.27-3.25 (m, 1H), 3.22-3.10 (m, 1H),2.94 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 1.07 (s, 3H).

Example 18 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.66 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 2H), 7.18 (d, 2H), 7.07 (d,2H), 6.98 (d, 1H), 5.03 (m, 1H), 4.81 (m, 1H), 3.69 (d, 1H), 3.49 (d,1H), 3.08 (m, 2H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=167.4, 154.9, 150.8, 144.4, 132.6, 130.2, 130.1,127.7, 122.0, 110.9, 69.5, 57.3, 53.9, 53.0, 37.1, 36.6, 21.6, 21.4.

Example 19 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.67 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 2H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d,2H), 6.98 (d, 1H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 3.67 (q, 1H), 3.06 (m, 2H), 3.16 (s,3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 137.2, 154.9, 150.7, 144.3, 133.2, 132.9,130.3, 130.0, 127.7, 121.9, 82.6, 83.9, 53.3, 37.2, 36.6, 36.4, 27.9,21.4.

Example 20 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 18 using theprocedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.41 (d, 2H), 7.10 (d, 2H), 6.98 (d, 2H), 6.75 (d,2H), 4.42 (m, 1H), 3.43 (m, 2H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.80 (s, 3H), 2.69 (s,3H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.14 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=174.2, 170.2, 156.9, 151.9, 145.6, 135.5, 135.2,131.4, 131.1, 128.9, 123.0, 54.6, 54.0, 37.4, 36.8, 36.7, 21.4.

Example 21 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting dimethysulfamoyl chloride for dimethylcarbamyl chloride,and following the method for the preparation of Example 2, gave thetitle compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.72 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 2H), 7.21 (s, 4H), 4.69 (m,1H), 4.04 (m, 1H), 3.4 (m, 1H), 3.24 (m, 3H), 2.96 (s, 6H), 2.42 (s,3H), 2.02 (m, 1H), 1.45 (m, 13H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=166.3, 165.3, 144.8, 140.0, 130.9, 126.4, 125.6,123.5, 117.3, 95.5, 78.3, 57.8, 49.2, 45.2, 34.2, 32.9, 25.0, 23.4,19.7, 17.1.

Example 22 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 21 using theprocedure described in method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d,2H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 4.11 (m, 1H), 3.41 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m, 2H), 2.94 (s,6H), 2.41 (s, 3A), 1.78 (m, 1H), 1.61 (m, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.3, 174.0, 150.8, 145.9, 137.3, 135.1, 132.1,131.2, 129.1, 123.1, 63.3, 54.6, 50.6, 39.1, 37.5, 31.6, 25.3, 21.5.

Example 23 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-sarcosyl-L-(4-morpholinecarbamyloxy)phenylalaninet-butyl ester

Substituting sacrosine for L-proline in the preparation ofTs-Pro-Tyr(H)-O-t-butyl ester and substitution of 4-morpholinecarbonylchloride for dimethylcarbamyl chloride, and following the method for thepreparation of Example 2, gave the title compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.61 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.16 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 3.67 (m, 8H), 3.58 (m, 1H), 3.48 (m, 1H), 3.06 (m,2H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.26 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 169.7, 167.1, 153.5, 150.1, 144.1, 133.1, 133.0,133.0, 130.1, 129.8, 127.4, 121.6, 82.6, 66.3, 53.6, 53.1, 44.5, 43.7,36.9, 36.4, 27.6, 21.2.

Example 24 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 23 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.30 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.88 (d, 2H), 6.67 (d,2H), 4.33 (m, 1H), 3.32 (m, 3H), 3.25 (m, 2H), 3.12 (m, 3H), 2.89 (m,1H), 2.70 (m, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.03 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.2, 170.3, 155.6, 151.7, 145.6, 135.8, 135.2,131.5, 131.1, 128.9, 123.0, 67.5, 54.6, 54.0, 37.4, 36.8, 21.5.

Example 25 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substitution of 4-morpholinecarbonyl chloride for dimethylcarbamylchloride, and following the methods for the preparation of Example 2 and14, gave the title compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 1H), 7.68 (d, 1H), 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.14 (m,2H), 7.05 (m, 1H), 6.97 (d, 1H), 6.80 (d, 0.5H), 6.57 (d, 0.5H), 5.09(m, 0.5H), 4.91 (m, 0.5H), 4.75 (m, 0.5H), 4.62 (m, 0.5H), 4.25 (m,0.5H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.79 (m, 4H), 3.65 (m, 4H), 2.91 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s,3H), 1.69 (s, 4H), 1.44 (s, 5H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 169.8, 164.8, 164.4, 153.7, 150.4, 145.6,145.4, 135.4, 135.3, 132.9, 130.8, 130.7, 130.5, 130.4, 127.5, 127.2,122.1, 121.8, 83.01, 82.8, 66.4, 56.1, 56.1, 53.7, 53.6, 49.5, 49.3,48.6, 44.7, 43.9, 42.0, 41.6, 36.9, 36.3, 27.8, 21.5.

Example 26 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 25 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.67 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.08 (m, 2H), 6.93 (m,2H), 5.09 (m, 1H), 4.54 (m, 1H), 4.19 (m, 0.5H), 4.02 (m, 0.5H), 3.81(m, 0.5H), 3.66 (m, 8H), 2.99 (m, 7H), 2.32 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.0, 168.0, 155.7, 151.9, 151.8, 146.6, 146.4,137.5, 135.5, 135.3, 131.7, 131.6, 131.6, 128.8, 123.3, 122.9, 67.6,57.3, 57.1, 54.8, 51.1, 50.9, 50.6, 46.0, 45.3, 45.2, 43.0, 37.4, 37.0,21.5.

Example 27 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.87-7.83 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.13 (m, 5H), 4.74-4.69 (m,1H), 4.05 (m, 1H), 3.36 (m, 1H), 3.24-3.17 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 4H),2.97 (s, 3H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.47 (m, 3H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.6, 170.0, 165.7, 154.9, 150.6, 133.2, 132.4,130.7, 130.2, 121.7, 116.7, 82.7, 62.3, 53.7, 49.6, 37.2, 36.6, 36.4,29.9, 27.9, 24.2.

Example 28 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.17 (d, 1H), 7.59 (d, 2H), 7.26 (d, 2H), 7.13 (d,2H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 4.66 (m, 1H), 3.60 (m, 6H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.56 (s,3H), 2.40 (m, 7H), 2.34 (s, 3H), 1.41 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.7, 167.0, 153.4, 150.2, 144.0, 133.0, 132.9,130.1, 129.8, 127.4, 121.6, 82.2, 54.3, 53.5, 53.1, 45.8, 44.2, 43.5,36.9, 27.6, 21.2.

Example 29 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The product of Example 12 was oxidized by the method of Larsson andCarlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525), yielding the titlecompound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.73 (d, 2H), 7.36 (d, 2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.06-6.95(m, 3H), 4.79 (m, 1H), 4.38 (dd, 2H), 4.10 (s, 1H), 3.18-2.95 (m, 8H),2.43 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 1.33 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.8, 166.2, 154.9, 120.7, 145.8, 133.0, 131.9,130.2, 128.5, 121.9, 82.9, 68.0, 60.9, 59.3, 53.9, 37.5, 36.6, 36.3,27.7, 21.6, 19.3, 18.5.

Example 30 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylimidazolyl-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 106 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.07 (d, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.25 (d,2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 4.71-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.24 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 3H),3.42-3.05 (m, 3H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 1.84-1.69 (m, 2H),1.61-1.54 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=174.4, 174.1, 156.9, 151.9, 141.8, 137.7, 135.6,131.6, 127.6, 122.9, 63.7, 54.7, 50.8, 37.4, 36.8, 36.7, 34.3, 31.6,25.4.

Preparative Example A Synthesis of2-(Saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

N-(Benzisothiazolone)-L-alanyl-L-tyrosine t-butyl ester was prepared byfirst combining sodium hydride (washed free of mineral oil) in THFchilled to 0° C., and a solution ofN-(2-methoxycarbonyl)sulfonyl-L-alanine-L-tyrosine t-butyl ester in THFwhich was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0° C. for one hourand then at room temperature for two hours. The reaction mixture wasextracted with EtOAc and 0.2 N HCl, the combined EtOAc layers werewashed successively with 0.2 N HCl, satd. NaHCO₃, and satd. NaCl. Theorganic layer was dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated. Theresidue was filtered by silica gel chromatography to affordN-(benzisothiazolone)-L-alanyl-L-tyrosine t-butyl ester.

The title compound was then prepared following the procedure describedin Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) (1:1 mixture of diastereomers) δ=8.15 (m, 2H);8.5 (m, 3H); 7.20 (m, 2H); 6.95 (m, 2H); 4.75 (m, 1H); 4.30 (m, 1H);3.05 (s, 3H); 2.95 (m, 2H); 2.90 (s, 3H); 1.75 and 1.65 (two d, 3H);1.30 and 1.35 (two s, 9H).

Example 31 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 29 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.75 (m, 3H), 7.29 (m, 4H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 4.95 (m,1H), 4.46-4.20 (m, 3H), 3.17 (s, 3H), 3.30-3.10 (m, 2H), 3.02 (s, 3H),2.43 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=127.2, 167.5, 155.8, 150.3, 145.4, 133.6, 132.6,130.8, 130.2, 128.3, 121.9, 67.9, 65.8, 60.8, 53.9, 36.8, 36.6, 35.8,21.6, 18.8, 15.0.

Example 32 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 27 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.88-7.84 (m, 2H), 7.54 (d, 1H), 7.26-7.18 (m, 4H),7.01 (d, 2H), 6.92 (s, 3H), 4.88-4.83 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.11 (m, 1H),3.39-3.29 (m, 2H), 3.13 (m, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.89(m, 1H), 1.59-1.43 (m, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=173.1, 172.4, 165.6, 155.5, 150.4, 133.2, 131.9,130.6, 130.3, 121.8, 116.6, 61.9, 53.1, 49.6, 36.6, 36.3, 30.2, 23.9.

Example 33 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-D-prolyl-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenylalaninet-butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.72 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 3H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 4.71 (q, 1H), 4.09-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.67 (bs, 2H), 3.57 (bs, 2H),3.41-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.22 (dd, 1H), 3.16-3.09 (m, 1H), 3.03 (dd, 1H),2.46-2.43 (m, 7H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.57-1.43 (m, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.8, 169.9, 153.6, 150.4, 144.3, 133.4, 133.1,130.3, 130.0, 127.9, 121.6, 82.6, 62.3, 54.5, 53.8, 49.6, 46.1, 44.3,43.7, 37.3, 29.7, 27.8, 24.1, 21.4.

Example 34 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-N-methyl-L-alanyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninet-butyl ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.68 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 6.86 (d, 1H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 4.47 (q, 1H), 3.71-3.53 (m, 4H),3.24-2.92 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.40 (m, 10H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.92(d, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 169.9, 153.6, 150.4, 143.9, 135.6, 133.3,130.2, 129.9, 127.2, 121.8, 82.4, 55.4, 54.6, 53.6, 46.0, 44.2, 43.7,37.2, 29.6, 27.8, 21.4, 11.5.

Example 35 Synthesis ofN-(4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.38-8.34 (m, 2H), 8.05-8.00 (m, 2H), 7.16-2.12 (m,2H), 7.03-6.94 (m, 3H), 4.74-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.14 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.32(m, 1H), 3.23-3.14 (m, 2H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.03 (m, 1H), 2.98 (s, 3H),2.05 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.48 (m, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 169.9, 154.8, 150.6, 150.4, 142.4, 132.9,130.2, 129.0, 124.5, 121.6, 82.7, 62.2, 53.4, 49.4, 37.0, 36.5, 36.2,30.1, 27.7, 24.1.

Example 36 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-[(1,1-dioxo)-thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described for thepreparation of Example 21 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.73 (d, 1H), 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m,2H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 6.66 (d, 1H), 5.08 (m, 0.5H), 4.97 (m, 0.5H), 4.71(m, 0.5H), 4.61 (m, 0.5H), 4.25 (m, 0.5H), 4.03 (m, 1H), 3.21-3.04 (m,4H), 2.89 (s, 3H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 2.78 (m, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 1.44 (s,4.5H), 1.38 (s, 4.5H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.8, 169.6, 164.9, 164.5, 149.3, 149.1, 145.6,145.4, 135.4, 135.0, 134.6, 130.9, 130.6, 130.5, 127.4, 127.2, 122.0,121.8, 83.0, 83.0, 56.0, 53.7, 49.2, 49.1, 48.5, 41.9, 41.4, 38.6, 36.8,36.2, 27.7, 21.5.

Example 37 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting thiomorpholine for N-methylpiperazine, and following themethod for the preparation of Example 4, gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.65 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 3.89 (m, 4H), 3.68 (d, 1H), 3.48 (d, 1H), 3.10 (m,2H), 2.66 (m, 7H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 9H).

³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.9, 167.2, 153.5, 150.3, 144.3, 133.1, 130.3,130.0, 127.6, 121.8, 82.5, 53.8, 53.3, 47.0, 36.4, 37.2, 36.6, 27.8,27.3, 27.0, 21.4.

Example 38 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 34 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.65 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.09 (d,2H), 4.64-4.50 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.23 (m, 2H), 3.60-2.96 (m, 8H), 2.92 (s,3H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 0.93 (d, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=174.3, 173.1, 154.9, 151.6, 145.5, 137.0, 136.1,131.6, 131.2, 128.5, 123.1, 56.4, 54.8, 54.0, 43.8, 37.3, 30.2, 21.5,13.2.

Example 39 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 81 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.03 (m, 1H), 7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d,2H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 4.70-4.65 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.00 (m, 5H), 3.38-3.36 (m,1H), 3.31-3.06 (m, 7H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.77-1.48 (m, 5H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=168.4, 159.1, 130.0, 129.1, 125.6, 125.1, 123.0,116.9, 57.2, 48.8, 46.3, 44.5, 31.5, 25.6, 19.3, 15.4.

Example 40 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 82 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 4.68-4.65 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.90 (t, 2H), 3.77 (t, 2H),3.38-3.11 (m, 4H), 2.66 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.48 (m, 5H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=168.4, 168.2, 149.4, 145.7, 139.8, 129.7, 129.0,125.6, 125.1, 123.1, 116.9, 57.2, 48.8, 44.6, 42.1, 36.0, 31.4, 25.7,22.1, 21.8, 19.3, 15.4.

Example 41 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 80 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.08 (m, 1H), 7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d,2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 4.71 (m, 1H), 4.11-14.08 (m, 1H), 3.61 (t, 2H),3.47-3.38 (m, 3H), 3.31-3.11 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.77-1.47 (m, 10H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=168.3, 168.1, 158.8, 149.6, 145.9, 139.8, 129.5,129.0, 125.6, 125.1, 123.1, 116.9, 57.2, 48.6, 44.6, 40.6, 40.1, 36.0,31.4, 25.7, 20.9, 20.6, 19.3.

Example 42 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 83 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.08 (m, 1H), 7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.53 (t,2H), 3.43-3.28 (m, 3H), 3.25-3.06 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.99-1.80 (m,4H), 1.78-1.49 (m, 5H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=168.2, 158.3, 149.2, 145.8, 139.8, 129.4, 129.1,125.6, 125.1, 123.1, 116.9, 57.2, 48.7, 44.5, 41.5, 31.4, 25.7, 20.6,19.8, 19.3, 15.4.

Example 43 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 108 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.73 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 4.95-4.93 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.71-3.65 (m, 6H), 3.50 (t,2H), 3.40-3.10 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.78-1.48 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=168.4, 168.2, 149.6, 145.7, 139.8, 129.1, 125.6,125.1, 123.1, 116.8, 61.5, 57.2, 44.5, 36.0, 31.4, 25.6, 19.3, 15.4.

Example 44 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineNeopentyl Ester

Titanium isopropoxide (0.3 equivalents) was added to Tos-Pro-Tyr ethylester (1 equivalent) and an excess of neopentyl alcohol. The mixture washeated to reflux under an argon atmosphere overnight. Excess neopentylalcohol was removed under reduced pressure and the residue purified byflash column chromatography (silica, hexane: EtOAc 2:1) to give theneopentyl ester a white solid (0.9 g, 85%). The title compound wasprepared following the procedure described in Example 4.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ=8.29 (d, 1H, J=7.91 Hz); 7.68 (d, 2H, J=8.45Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=8.34 Hz); 7.24 (d, 2H, J=8.57 Hz); 7.00 (d, 2H,J=8.57 Hz); 4.56 (m, 1H); 4.07 (m, 1H); 3.73 (s, 2H); 3.55 (br s, 2H);3.40 (m, 3H); 3.10 (m, 3H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 2.35 (br s, 4H); 2.20 (s, 3H);1.55 (m, 3H); 1.37 (m, 1H); 0.85 (s, 9H).

Example 45 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineNeopentyl Ester

Titanium isopropoxide (0.3 equivalents) was added to Tos-Pro-Tyr ethylester (1 equivalent) and an excess of neopentyl alcohol. The mixture washeated to reflux under an argon atmosphere overnight. Excess neopentylalcohol was removed under reduced pressure and the residue purified byflash column chromatography (silica, hexane: EtOAc 2:1) to give theneopentyl ester a white solid (0.9 g, 85%). The title compound wasprepared following the procedure described in Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ=8.28 (d, 1H, J=8.13 Hz); 7.68 (d, 2H, J=8.4Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=7.9 Hz); 7.23 (d, 2H, J=8.56 Hz), 6.99 (d, 2H,J=8.35 Hz); 4.57 (m, 3H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.55 (m, 3H); 1.38 (m, 1H); 0.85(s, 9H).

Example 46 Synthesis of2-(Saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described inPreparative Example A and Example 4.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) (1:1 mixture of diastereomers) δ=8.31 (m, 1H);8.26 (m, 1H); 8.03 (m, 3H); 7.20 (m, 2H); 7.00 (m, 2H); 4.73 (m, 1H);4.30 (m, 1H); 3.58 (br s, 2H); 3.40 (br s, 2H); 3.02 (m, 1H); 2.95 (m,1H); 2.35 (br s, 4H); 2.20 (s, 3H); 2.75 and 2.65 (two d, 3H); 1.35 and1.32 (two s, 9H).

Example 47 Synthesis of2-(Saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Preparative ExampleA using the procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) (1:1 mixture of diastereomers) δ=12.75 (br s,1H); 8.28 (m, 2H); 8.05 (m, 3H); 7.20 (m, 2H); 7.00 and 9.95 (two d,2H); 4.75 (m, 1H); 4.40 (m, 1H); 3.10 (m, 1H); 3.05 (s, 3H); 2.95 (m,1H); 2.90 (s, 3H); 2.75 and 2.60 (two d, 3H).

Example 48 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure for thesynthesis of Example 2 with the substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.68 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 6.87 (d, 2H), 4.67 (m, 1H), 4.48 (q, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s,3H), 3.14-2.92 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.92(d, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.2, 169.9, 154.9, 150.6, 143.9, 135.6, 133.2,130.2, 130.0, 127.3, 121.9, 82.5, 55.5, 53.7, 37.2, 36.6, 36.4, 29.7,27.8, 21.4, 11.5.

Example 49 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid was preparedusing the procedure described in Method 1. The title compound wasprepared following the procedure for the synthesis of Example 2 withsubstitution of appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.69 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.16 (d, 2H), 6.98 (d,2H), 6.86 (d, 1H), 4.71 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 3.94 (m, 1H), 3.31 (m,1H), 3.09 (m, 4H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.67 (m, 1H), 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.40 (s,3H), 2.31 (m, 1H), 2.10 (m, 1H), 1.49 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.9, 167.4, 154.8, 150.6, 144.2, 136.8, 132.8,130.4, 130.2, 127.3, 121.8, 82.6, 55.2, 54.0, 43.3, 36.5, 36.3, 27.8,25.2, 24.6, 21.4.

Example 50 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)sarcosyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 121 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.67 (d, 2H), 7.40 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.09 (d,2H), 4.61 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m, 2H), 3.99 (m, 2H), 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.23 (m,8H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.2, 170.3, 155.0, 151.6, 145.6, 136.1, 135.2,131.5, 131.1, 128.9, 123.0, 54.6, 54.0, 52.4, 52.2, 44.4, 44.0, 37.4,36.8, 21.4.

Example 51 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 49 followingthe procedure described by Larsson and Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994,48, 522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 7.08 (d, 2H), 6.98 (d,2H), 6.56 (d, 1H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 2H), 3.25 (m,1H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.97 (m, 8H), 2.44 (s, 3H), 1.48 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.8, 154.9, 150.7, 145.4, 135.3, 132.6,130.7, 130.3, 127.5, 122.3, 82.8, 56.1, 53.6, 49.5, 48.6, 41.6, 36.6,36.4, 27.9, 21.6.

Example 52 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 71.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.75 (d, 2H), 7.36 (d, 2H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 6.98 (d,2H), 6.58 (d, 1H), 4.93 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m, 1H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.72 (m,4H), 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.51 (m, 2H), 3.24 (m, 1H), 2.96 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s,3H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.8, 153.7, 150.4, 145.4, 135.2, 132.9,130.7, 130.4, 127.5, 122.1, 82.9, 66.4, 56.1, 53.6, 49.4, 48.5, 44.7,43.9, 41.6, 36.3, 27.8, 21.6.

Example 53 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-N-methylalanyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 48 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.68 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.11-7.04(m, 3H), 6.35 (br s, 1H), 4.81 (m, 1H), 4.52 (q, 1H), 3.35-2.98 (m, 2H),3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 0.91 (d, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=173.7, 170.8, 155.2, 150.6, 144.0, 135.4, 133.2,130.2, 130.0, 127.3, 122.1, 55.5, 53.2, 36.6, 36.5, 36.4, 29.8, 21.4,11.6.

Example 54 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid was preparedusing the procedure described in Method 1.

The title compound was then prepared following the procedure for thesynthesis of Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.87-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.20 (t, 2H), 7.16 (d, 2H), 7.00(d, 2H), 6.76 (d, 1H), 4.74 (t, 1H), 4.65 (q, 1H), 3.92 (d, 1H), 3.32(dd, 1H), 3.17-3.00 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.76-2.66 (m,1H), 2.62 (dd, 1H), 2.46 (dt, 1H), 2.22 (d, 1H), 1.49 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 167.2, 165.5, 154.8, 150.7, 135.8, 132.7,130.5, 130.1, 121.9, 116.9, 82.8, 55.3, 53.9, 43.4, 36.6, 36.4, 36.3,27.9, 25.8, 25.0.

Example 55 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 54 followingthe procedure described by Larsson and Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994,48, 522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.92-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.24 (t, 2H), 7.09 (d, 2H), 6.97(d, 2H), 6.41 (d, 1H), 4.96 (d, 1H), 4.62 (d, 1H), 4.03 (d, 1H), 3.26(dd, 1H), 3.13-2.92 (m, 6H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.49 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 165.9, 164.5, 154.9, 150.7, 134.0, 132.4,130.5, 130.4, 122.2, 117.3, 83.0, 56.1, 53.4, 50.0, 49.1, 41.7, 36.6,36.3, 36.1, 27.9.

Example 56 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

N-Benzyl-L-proline was coupled to L-tyrosine t-butyl ester using theprocedure described in Method 12.N-Benzyl-L-prolyl-L-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenyl-alanine t-butylester was prepared following the procedure described for the preparationof Example 2. L-Prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninet-butyl ester was prepared from the product of the previous reactionusing the procedure described in Method 4. The title compound wasprepared using the procedure described for the preparation of 3-pyridinesulfonyl chloride (see Crowell, et al., J. Med. Chem., 1989, 32,2436-2442) and the product of the last reaction.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=9.95 (d, 1H), 8.83 (dd, 1H), 8.14-8.10 (m, 1H),7.51-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.16-7.13 (m, 3H), 7.02-6.99 (m, 2H), 4.72-4.69 (m,1H), 4.09-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.39 (m,1H), 3.23-3.17 (m, 1H), 3.13-2.98(m, 1H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.04 (m, 1H), 1.59-1.47 (m, 3H),1.45 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 169.9, 154.8, 153.9, 150.5, 148.4, 135.5,133.0, 130.1, 123.9, 121.6, 82.6, 52.2, 53.6, 49.5, 37.1, 36.5, 36.3,29.9, 27.8, 24.0.

Preparative Example B Synthesis ofN-(Pyrimidine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared by substituting 2-pyrimidine sulfonylchloride (see Skulnick, et al., J. Med. Chem., 1997, 40, 1149-1164) andfollowing the method for the preparation of Example 56.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.28 (d, 2H), 7.39 (d, 1H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.88 (d,2H), 6.54 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.55 (m, 1H), 3.64 (m, 1H),3.55-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.09-3.03 (m, 1H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.99-2.95 (m, 1H),2.98 (s, 3H), 2.32 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.97 (m, 3H), 1.37 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=172.1, 170.4, 160.6, 157.7, 154.8, 150.3, 133.0,130.1, 121.3, 110.5, 82.0, 60.7, 53.3, 47.5, 37.1, 36.5, 36.3, 28.9,27.7, 24.1.

Example 57 Synthesis ofN-(4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 35 using theprocedure described in method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.36 (d, 2H), 8.02 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d,2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 4.86 (m, 1H), 4.18-4.15 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.43 (m, 1H),3.32-3.26 (m, 1H), 3.19-3.11 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 1.91(m, 1H), 1.65-1.54 (m, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=172.9, 171.7, 155.5, 150.4, 150.4, 142.1, 133.2,130.5, 129.1, 124.6, 121.8, 61.9, 52.9, 49.6, 36.6, 36.3, 36.3, 30.6,24.1.

Example 58 Synthesis ofN-(4-Cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.94 (d, 2H), 7.82 (d, 2H), 7.13 (d, 2H), 7.05-6.99(m, 3H), 4.71-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.09 (m, 1H), 3.36-3.35 (m, 1H),3.22-3.11 (m, 2H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 3.06-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.05(m, 1H), 1.63-1.37 (m, 3H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 169.9, 154.8, 150.6, 140.8, 133.1, 132.9,130.2, 128.4, 121.7, 117.1, 116.9, 82.7, 62.2, 53.4, 49.4, 37.0, 36.5,36.3, 30.1, 27.8, 24.1.

Example 59 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 36 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.79 (m, 2H), 7.44 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.17 (m,2H), 5.21 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 1H), 4.14 (m, 1H), 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.24 (m,2H), 3.08 (m, 2H), 2.89 (s, 6H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=173.9, 168.1, 168.0, 150.8, 150.8, 146.7, 146.5,137.6, 137.5, 137.1, 136.9, 132.2, 132.1, 131.7, 131.6, 128.8, 123.3,123.1, 57.3, 54.8, 51.0, 50.8, 50.5, 47.9, 47.8, 43.2, 43.0, 39.0, 39.0,37.4, 37.0, 21.5.

Example 60 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 51 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.79 (d, 2H), 7.43 (d, 2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.00 (d,2H), 5.21 (m, 1H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.75 (m, 1H), 3.29 (m,3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.00 (m, 1H), 3.00 (m, 1H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.80 (m,3H), 2.44 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=165.1, 159.0, 147.9, 143.1, 137.6, 128.6, 126.1,122.7, 122.6, 119.8, 114.3, 48.3, 45.8, 41.6, 34.0, 28.0, 27.8, 27.7,12.5.

Example 61 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared fromN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester, prepared as per the examples herein, following theprocedure described by Larsson and Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48,522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.77 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 2H), 7.18 (m, 3H), 7.09 (d,2H), 4.83-4.57 (m, 3H), 3.77-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.36-3.23 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.00(m, 7H), 2.85-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 1.50 (s, 9H).

Example 62 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.96 (d, 2H), 7.80 (d, 2H), 7.26-7.13 (m, 3H), 7.01(d, 2H), 4.72-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.37 (m, 1H),3.25-3.10 (m, 2H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 3.04-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.06(m, 1H), 2.06-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.61-1.52 (m, 3H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.3, 169.9, 154.9, 150.6, 139.9, 134.9, 133.1,130.2, 128.4, 126.5, 121.7, 82.7, 62.3, 5.35, 49.6, 37.2, 36.6, 36.3,30.0, 27.8 24.1.

Example 63 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazolyl-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 117 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.84 (br s, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.68-7.65(m, 1H), 7.18 (d, 2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 4.88-4.81 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.06 (m,1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.45-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.27 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.01 (m,5H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.82 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.57 (m, 2H), 1.45 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=173.1, 172.9, 159.1, 158.6, 150.4, 138.8, 133.4,133.2, 130.3, 121.9, 117.3, 62.0, 53.1, 49.7, 39.4, 36.6, 36.5, 36.4,30.4, 23.9.

Example 64 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 61 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.34 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 2H), 7.14 (d,2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.07 (m, 1H), 4.93 (m, 1H), 4.43 (d, 1H), 4.01 (d,1H), 3.68 (m, 1H), 3.37 (m, 1H), 3.17 (s, 3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.09 (s,3H), 2.54 (m, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.5, 166.4, 156.4, 150.5, 145.5, 134.2, 134.1,131.4, 130.3, 128.1, 121.8, 64.3, 59.2, 53.7, 50.5, 36.9, 36.5, 35.8,21.6.

Example 65 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 84 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.83 (m, 2H), 7.73 (d, 1H), 7.16 (m, 4H), 6.99 (d,2H), 5.57 (br s, 1H), 4.87 (m, 1H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 4.53 (d, 1H), 4.10 (d,1H), 3.34 (m, 1H), 3.22 (d, 2H), 3.12 (s, 3H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.43 (m,1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=172.1, 168.7, 155.7, 150.5, 133.6, 133.1, 130.8,130.7, 121.7, 116.9, 116.6, 65.3, 53.3, 51.3, 36.8, 36.4, 36.1, 33.4.

Example 66 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 with the substitution of appropriatestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.91 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.96 (d,1H), 4.75 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H), 4.42 (d, 1H), 3.86 (s, 1H), 3.08 (s,3H), 3.05 (m, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.16 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.9, 168.1, 167.6, 164.2, 154.9, 150.6, 133.1,132.2, 131.0, 130.9, 130.4, 121.7, 116.9, 116.6, 82.7, 73.5, 54.7, 53.7,50.5, 37.8, 36.6, 36.4, 29.1, 27.8, 23.8.

Example 67 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 68.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.91-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, 2H),6.51 (d, 1H), 4.93-4.90 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.14-3.99 (m, 7H),3.28-2.90 (m, 10H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 167.6, 164.5, 153.1, 149.8, 133.9, 133.4,130.7, 130.5, 121.7, 117.4, 117.1, 83.1, 56.1, 53.4, 51.6, 49.9, 48.9,43.1, 41.6, 36.2, 27.8.

Example 68 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting thiomorpholine for N-methylpiperazine, and following themethod for the preparation of Examples 4 and oxidation of the sulfurgroup in the thiomorpholino ring per by Larsson and Carlson (ActaChemica Scan. 1994, 48, 522) gave the title compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.75 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 6.99 (d,2H), 6.65 (d, 1H), 4.92-4.90 (m, 1H), 4.63-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.15-3.95 (m,7H), 3.30-3.23 (m, 1H), 3.14 (t, 4H), 3.07-2.80 (m, 6H), 2.45 (s, 3H),1.48 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.9, 164.8, 153.1, 149.8, 145.5, 135.1, 133.6,130.7, 127.5, 121.8, 82.9, 60.3, 56.1, 53.7, 51.8, 49.3, 48.4, 43.1,42.7, 41.5, 36.3, 27.8, 21.5.

Example 69 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described inExample 37 and substitution of appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.88-7.83 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.15 (m, 5H), 7.01 (d, 2H),4.74-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.91-3.80 (m, 4H), 3.41-3.35 (m,1H), 3.24-3.00 (m, 3H), 2.70-2.65 (t, 4H), 2.06-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.46(m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.5, 169.8, 153.4, 150.2, 133.5, 130.7, 130.5,130.3, 121.6, 116.8, 116.5, 82.6, 62.2, 53.6, 49.6, 47.0, 46.4, 37.2,29.8, 27.8, 27.3, 27.0, 24.1.

Example 70 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 66 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.90 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.14 (m, 5H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.83(br s, 1H), 4.90 (m, 1H), 4.57 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 3.96 (s, 1H), 3.09(s, 3H), 3.28-3.02 (m, 2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.13 (s, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=173.2, 169.2, 164.2, 163.9, 155.3, 150.6, 133.1,132.0, 131.0, 130.9, 130.6, 122.0, 117.0, 116.7, 73.3, 54.6, 53.3, 50.5,37.0, 36.7, 36.4, 29.0, 23.7.

Example 71 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting 4-morpholinecarbamyl chloride for dimethylcarbamylchloride, and following the methods for the preparation of Example 2,gave the title compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.91-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.11 (d, 2H),6.98 (d, 2H), 6.43 (d, 1H), 4.95-4.92 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.60 (m, 1H),4.05-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.74 (t, 4H), 3.66-3.52 (m, 4H), 3.30-2.92 (m, 6H),1.48 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.1, 164.5, 150.4, 134.6, 132.7, 130.5, 122.0,117.4, 117.1, 83.1, 66.5, 56.1, 53.4, 49.9, 49.0, 44.7, 44.0, 41.6,36.2, 27.8.

Example 72 Synthesis ofN-(4-Trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.89 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 7.25-7.13 (m, 3H), 7.01(d, 2H), 4.70 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.24-3.01(m, 5H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.62-1.47 (m, 3H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.4, 169.9, 154.9, 152.7, 150.6, 134.6, 113.2,130.2, 130.1, 121.7, 120.2, 82.7, 62.2, 53.6, 49.6, 37.2, 36.6, 36.3,29.9, 27.8, 24.1.

Example 73 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

Following the method for the preparation of Example 2 and oxidation ofthe sulfur group in the thiomorpholino ring per by Larsson and Carlson(Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 522) gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.70 (d, 2H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d, 2H), 6.93 (d,2H), 6.59 (d, 1H), 5.01 (m, 2H), 4.65 (m, 1H), 4.01 (d, 1H), 3.90 (d,1H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.82 (m, 8H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.22 (s,3H), 1.20 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.3, 165.0, 154.6, 150.5, 145.1, 135.2, 132.3,130.4, 130.0, 127.2, 122.1, 69.5, 55.9, 53.1, 49.1, 48.5, 41.4, 36.3,36.1, 35.9, 21.4.

Example 74 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 66 followingthe procedure described by Larsson and Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994,48, 522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.88 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 4H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.95 (d,1H), 4.80 (m, 1H), 4.40 (m, 2H), 4.10 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.10(s, 3H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.11 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.8, 168.6, 166.0, 154.5, 150.8, 139.7, 133.0,131.5, 131.4, 130.3, 122.0, 117.1, 116.8, 83.0, 68.0, 60.9, 59.3, 53.8,37.4, 36.6, 36.4, 27.8, 18.9, 18.8.

Example 75 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 11 followingthe procedure described by Larsson and Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994,48, 522).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.75 (d, 2H), 7.38 (d, 2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.03 (m,3H), 5.08 (m, 1H), 4.89 (m, 1H), 4.38 (m, 2H), 4.10 (s, 1H), 3.22-3.04(m, 2H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.26 (m, 9H), 1.09(s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.3, 166.3, 150.8, 145.9, 132.8, 131.9, 130.3,128.6, 122.0, 69.8, 68.0, 60.9, 59.4, 53.4, 37.4, 36.6, 36.4, 21.6,21.5, 19.2, 18.6.

Example 76 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 74 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.7, 167.9, 137.3, 164.5, 155.9, 150.4, 133.6,131.8, 131.3, 131.2, 130.8, 121.9, 117.1, 116.8, 67.8, 60.9, 59.9, 53.8,36.8, 36.6, 36.0, 19.1, 19.0.

Example 77 Synthesis ofN-(Pyrimidine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Preparative ExampleB using the procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.45 (br m, 2H), 8.22 (br s, 1H), 7.55 (d, 1H), 7.11(d, 2H), 6.95 (d, 2H), 6.81 (m, 1H), 4.80-4.74 (m, 2H), 3.70 (m, 1H),3.55 (m, 1H), 3.20-3.08 (m, 4H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.89-2.76 (m, 1H),2.13-1.96 (m, 3H), 1.60 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=190.0, 173.6, 171.0, 155.2, 153.9, 150.6, 133.2,130.1, 121.9, 110.3, 62.0, 55.1, 48.2, 36.6, 36.6, 36.3, 30.2, 23.4.

Example 78 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Following the method for the preparation of Example 4 and oxidation ofthe sulfur group in the thiamorpholino ring per Larsson and Carlson(Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 522) gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 6.96 (d,2H), 6.57 (d, 1H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.03 (m, 2H), 3.67 (m,4H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 2,89 (m, 4H), 2.45 (m, 6H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.48 (s,9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.8, 153.7, 150.5, 145.4, 135.3, 132.8,130.7, 130.4, 127.5, 122.2, 82.9, 56.2, 54.6, 54.5, 53.6, 49.5, 48.6,46.0, 44.2, 43.7, 41.6, 36.3, 27.9, 21.6.

Example 79 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 85 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=4.98, (m, 1H), 4.90 (m, 1H), 4.44 (d, 1H), 4.03 (d,1H), 3.67 (m, 1H), 3.37(m, 1H), 3.25-3.02 (m, 1H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.11(s, 3H), 2.68 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.7, 167.9, 166.3, 164.4, 157.0, 156.4, 150.5,139.6, 134.0, 133.1, 131.3, 131.1, 130.9, 121.9, 117.2, 116.9, 64.1,58.8, 53.7, 50.6, 36.9, 36.5, 35.6.

Example 80 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(isonipecotoyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting piperazine for N-methylpiperazine, and following themethods for the preparation of Example 4, gave the title compound as awhite solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.70 (d, 2H), 7.32-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.14 (d, 2H), 7.01(d, 2H), 4.72-9.68 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.60-3.49 (m, 4H),3.37-3.31 (m, 1H), 3.22-2.98 (m, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.02 (m, 2H),1.61-1.55 (m, 6H), 1.50-1.45 (m, 13H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=177.3, 170.7, 169.8, 150.6, 144.3, 133.1, 130.1,129.9, 127.9, 121.6, 110.8, 82.5, 62.2, 57.2, 53.7, 49.5, 44.9, 37.2,29.7, 27.8, 25.7, 24.1, 21.4.

Example 81 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The product of Example 82 was oxidized by the method of Larsson andCarlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525), yielding the titlecompound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.69 (d, 2H), 7.33-7.29 (m, 3H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.00(d, 2H), 4.71-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.13-4.04 (m, 5H), 3.37-3.32 (m, 1H),3.21-3.00 (m, 7H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.05-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.52-1.44 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.7, 169.7, 149.8, 144.3, 134.4, 133.3, 130,6,130.0, 127.9, 121.4, 82.7, 62.4, 54.0, 52.1, 49.7, 43.2, 37.6, 29.7,28.1, 24.4, 21.7.

Example 82 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting thiomorpholine for N-methylpiperazine, and following themethods for the preparation of Example 4, gave the title compound as awhite solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.70 (d, 2H), 7.31-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.16 (d, 2H), 7.00(d, 2H), 4.72-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.89-3.79 (m, 4H),3.37-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.22-2.99 (m, 3H), 2.67 (t, 4H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.02(m, 2H), 1.50-1.45 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=177.2, 170.7, 169.8, 153.5, 150.2, 144.3, 133.6,132.9, 130.3, 129.9, 127.9, 121.5, 82.5, 62.4, 53.7, 49.5, 47.0, 46.4,37.2, 29.6, 27.8, 27.3, 24.1, 21.4.

Example 83 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting pyrrolidinecarbonyl chloride for dimethylcarbamyl chloride,and following the methods for the preparation of Example 2, gave thetitle compound as a white solid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.71 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d,2H), 4.73-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.53 (t, 2H), 3.45 (t, 2H),3.36-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.24-2.98 (m, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.88 (m, 5H),1.75 (s, 1H), 1.52 (1.24 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.7, 169.8, 153.1, 150.4, 144.3, 133.1, 130.1,129.9, 127.9, 121.6, 110.8, 99.8, 82.5, 62.2, 53.7, 49.5, 46.3, 37.2,29.7, 27.8, 25.6, 24.8, 24.0, 21.4.

Example 84 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedures described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.87 (m, 2H), 7.28-7-13 (m, 5H), 7.02 (d, 2H),4.70-4.60 (m, 2H), 4.58 (d, 1H), 4.06 (d, 1H), 3.38-3.01 (m, 3H), 3.09(s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.58 (m, 1H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

¹³ C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.7, 167.8, 154.9, 150.7, 132.7, 130.9, 130.7,130.4, 121.8, 117.1, 116.8, 82.9, 65.1, 53.9, 51.4, 36.8, 36.6, 36.4,33.1, 27.9.

Example 85 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxo)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 84 followingthe procedure oxidation procedure of Larsson and Carlson (Acta ChemicaScan. 1994, 48, 517-525).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.90 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.04 (m, 7H), 4.83-4.58 (m, 3H),3.66 (m, 2H), 3.32-3.24 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.85 (m,2H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 3.01(s, 3H), 1.50 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=173.1, 169.8, 168.0, 165.6, 154.9, 150.9, 132.6,131.1, 131.0, 130.3, 122.3, 117.3, 117.0, 83.2, 62.8, 57.8, 53.9, 49.0,36.8, 36.6, 36.4, 27.9.

Example 86 Synthesis ofN-(2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.14 (d, 2H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 7.07 (d, 1H), 7.01 (d,2H), 4.73-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.32-4.28 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.17 (m, 3H), 3.08 (s,3H), 3.06-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.17-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.84-1.60 (m,2H), 1.60-1.46 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.2, 169.9, 154.9, 150.6, 133.4, 133.1, 131.2,130.2, 127.9, 127.0, 121.7, 82.7, 62.2, 53.6, 49.3, 37.2, 36.6, 36.4,30.1, 27.8, 24.2.

Example 87 Synthesis ofN-(4-Acetamidobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=8.58 (s, 1H), 7.70-7.67 (m, 4H), 7.32 (d, 1H), 7.14(d, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 4.68 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.34 (m, 1H),3.23-3.16 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 1H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.13(s, 3H), 1.97-1.94 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.47 (m, 3H), 1.44 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=171.1, 169.9, 169.4, 155.0, 150.6, 143.3, 133.3,130.2, 130.0, 128.9, 121.7, 119.4, 82.7, 62.2, 53.8, 49.6, 37.2, 36.6,36.4, 29.9, 27.8, 24.4, 24.1.

Example 88 Synthesis ofN-(4-tert-Butylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 73 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.81 (d, 2H), 7.59 (d, 2H), 7.07 (d, 2H), 6.97 (d,2H), 6.46 (d, 1H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.06 (m, 2H), 3.23 (m,1H), 3.07 (m, 4H), 2.97 (m, 4H), 2.81 (m, 4H), 1.55 (s, 9H), 1.37 (s,9H). ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.9, 158.2, 154.8, 150.6, 135.0, 132.6,130.2, 127.4, 126.9, 122.2, 82.7, 56.1, 53.5, 49.7, 48.8, 41.5, 36.5,36.3, 36.1, 35.2, 30.8, 27.8.

Example 89 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 56 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.95 (s, 1H), 8.83 (d, 1H), 8.28-8.24 (m, 1H),7.73-7.69 (m, 1H), 7.30 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 4.68-4.63 (m, 1H),4.29-4.25 (m, 1H), 3.47-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.22 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H),3.06-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.66 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.2, 173.9, 160.6, 160.0, 156.9, 152.9, 152.0,147.9, 139.1, 136.9, 135.7, 131.6, 126.5, 123.1, 63.1, 54.8, 50.4, 37.5,36.8, 36.7, 32.2, 25.5.

Example 90 Synthesis ofN-(2-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(2-fluorobenzene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-3-carboxylic acid wasprepared using the procedure described in Method 1. The title compoundwas prepared according to the procedures set forth above using suitablestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.92 (m, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.16 (m,2H), 6.99 (m, 2H), 6.60 (d, 1H), 5.01 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 1H), 4.03 (m,2H), 3.29 (m, 1H), 3.06 (m, 6H), 2.90 (m, 7H), 1.49 (d, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=169.9, 164.8, 160.3, 156.9, 154.9, 150.7, 136.6,136.4, 132.7, 131.0, 130.3, 128.8, 126.4, 126.2, 125.1, 122.2, 118.1,117.8, 82.7, 56.3, 56.7, 50.2, 49.5, 41.8, 36.5, 36.3, 27.8.

Example 91 Synthesis ofN-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(3-fluorobenzene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acid wasprepared using the procedure described in Method 1. The title compoundwas prepared according to the procedures set forth above using suitablestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.66 (m, 1H), 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d,1H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 6.42 (d, 1H), 5.00 (m, 1H), 4.58 (m, 1H), 4.02 (m,2H), 3.22 (m, 1H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.98 (m, 6H), 1.45 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.5, 164.4, 161.0, 154.9, 150.6, 140.3,140.2, 132.5, 131.9, 131.8, 130.2, 123.2, 123.1, 122.2, 121.4, 121.2,115.0, 114.7, 82.9, 56.1, 53.4, 49.9, 49.1, 41.7, 36.5, 36.3, 36.0,27.8.

Example 92 Synthesis ofN-(2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

L-Thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acid was prepared by the method of Larssonand Carlson (Acta Chemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).N-(2,4-difluorobenzene-4-sulfonyl)-L-thiamorpholine-5-carboxylic acidwas prepared using the procedure described in Method 1. The titlecompound was prepared according to the procedures set forth above usingsuitable starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.93 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.04 (m, 4H), 6.53 (d,1H), 4.97 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 2H), 3.21 (m, 3H), 3.17 (s,3H), 2.97 (m, 5H), 1.43 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.0, 164.6, 154.9, 150.7, 132.6, 132.6, 130.3,122.6, 122.1, 112.6, 112.3, 107.0, 106.7, 106.3, 82.8, 56.3, 53.5, 50.5,49.8, 42.0, 36.5, 36.3, 27.8.

Example 93 Synthesis ofN-(4-Acetamidobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 87 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.05 (d, 1H), 7.78 (m, 4H), 7.26 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 4.94 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 1H), 3.40-3.36 (m,1H), 3.30-3.05 (m, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.15 (s, 3H),1.81-1.51 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.3, 174.2, 172.3, 156.9, 152.0, 144.9, 135.5,132.4, 131.6, 130.2, 122.9, 120.7, 63.2, 54.7, 50.6, 37.5, 36.8, 36.7,31.7, 25.4, 24.0

Example 94 Synthesis ofN-(4-Trifluoromethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 72 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=7.93 (d, 2H), 7.48 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d,2H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.13 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.28-3.11(m, 2H), 3.14-3.07 (m, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.69 (m,3H), 1.59 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.2, 174.1, 157.0, 153.9, 152.0, 137.3, 135.6,131.7, 131.5, 123.0, 122.5, 121.8, 63.1, 54.7, 50.6, 37.4, 36.8, 36.6,31.9, 25.4.

Example 95 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example2 and substitution of appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.90 (m, 2H), 7.22 (m, 4H), 7.00 (m, 3H), 5.08 (m,1H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H), 4.42 (d, 1H), 3.88 (s, 1H), 3.15-2.99(m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.26-1.16 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.4, 168.2, 167.5, 164.1, 154.9,150.7, 132.8,132.2, 132.1, 131.0, 130.8, 130.3, 121.8, 116.9, 116.6, 73.5, 69.6,54.6, 53.2, 50.5, 37.6, 36.6, 36.3, 29.1, 23.8, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 96 Synthesis ofN-(4-Cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 58 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ=8.14 (d, 1H), 7.94-7.89 (m, 4H), 7.29 (d, 2H), 7.03(d, 2H), 4.70-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.21-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.47-3.40 (m, 1H),3.31-3.21 (m, 2H), 3.11-3.04 (m, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H),1.87-1.72 (m, 3H), 1.70-1.61 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ=174.2, 173.9, 157.0, 152.0, 142.9, 135.7, 134.5,131.7, 129.7, 123.0, 118.6, 111.8, 63.0, 54.7, 50.5, 37.4, 36.8, 36.7,32.0, 25.4.

Example 97 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described for thepreparation of Example 98.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H), 7.34 (d,1H), 7.33 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d, 1H), 7.10 (d, 1H), 7.03 (d, 1H), 6.91 (d,0.5H), 6.08 (d, 0.5H), 4.86 (ddd, 0.5H), 4.77 (q, 0.5H), 3.61-3.47 (m,2H), 3.27-3.02 (m, 3H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 1.5H), 2.43(s, 1.5H), 1.75-1.68 (m, 0.5H), 1.61-1.51 (m, 0.5H), 1.45 (s, 4.5H),1.40 (s, 4.5H), 1.48-1.25 (m, 3H); 0.95 (s, 1.5H), 0.80 (s, 1.5H); 0.61(s, 1.5H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.4, 170.1, 170.0, 169.6, 155.0, 154.9, 150.7,150.6, 144.3, 144.2, 133.4, 133.1, 132.8, 132.6, 130.7, 130.2, 129.9,129.8, 128.0, 121.8, 121.7, 82.6, 82.2, 71.5, 71.2, 53.6, 52.7, 47.3,47.2, 42.7, 42.5, 38.2, 38.1, 37.7, 37.5, 36.6, 36.3, 27.8, 27.8, 27.2,23.4, 23.2, 21.5.

Example 98 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

3,3-Dimethyl proline (see Sharma and Lubell, J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61,202-209) was N-tosylated using the procedure described in Method 1. Thetitle compound was then prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.76 (d, 1H), 7.74 (d, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.33 (d,2H), 7.19 (d, 1H), 7.10 (d, 1H), 7.03 (d, 1H), 6.91 (d, 0.5H), 6.89 (d,0.5H), 5.06 (sept., 0.5H), 4.96 (sept., 0.5H), 4.98-4.83 (m, 1H),3.59-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.31-3.03 (m, 3H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.45(s, 1.5H), 2.43 (s, 1.5H), 1.75-1.66 (m, 0.5), 1.62-1.52 (m, 0.5H),1.34-1.22 (m, 3H), 1.27 (s, 1.5H), 1.25 (s, 1.5H), 1.22 (s, 1.5H), 1.20(s, 1.5H), 0.95 (s, 1.5H), 0.78 (s, 1.5H), 0.60 (s, 1.5H), 0.57 (s,1.5H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.8, 170.6, 170.0, 169.7, 154.9, 150.8, 150.6,144.4, 144.2, 133.2, 132.5, 132.5, 130.7, 130.2, 129.9, 129.8, 128.0,122.0, 121.8, 71.5, 17.2, 69.5, 69.3, 53.0, 52.2, 47.3, 47.2, 42.8,42.5, 38.2, 38.1, 37.6, 37.2, 36.6, 36.3, 27.1, 23.4, 23.2, 21.6, 21.6,21.5, 21.5.

Other compounds prepared by the methods described above include thoseset forth in Examples 99-137 in Table II below. In addition, Examples101, 109, 111, 117, 132 and 137 found in Table II are exemplified asfollows:

Example 101 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)-L-phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=8.28 (d, 1H), 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.23 (d,2H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 4.86 (sept, 1H), 4.47 (m, 1H), 4.40 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m,1H), 4.07 (m, 1H), 3.38 (m, 1H), 3.30 (m, 1H), 3.09 (m, 3H), 2.95 (s,3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 1.63 (m, 3H), 1.51 (m,3H), 1.44 (m, 1H), 1.39 (m, 1H), 1.16 (d, 3H), 1.11 (d, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃)₂SO: δ=171.3, 170.8, 154.2, 150.2, 143.7, 134.1, 130.2,130, 127.6, 121.6, 68.2, 61.2, 53.5, 49, 36.3, 36.1, 35.7, 30.5, 23.8,21.4, 21.4, 21.

Example 109 Synthesis of N-(Benzylsulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 111 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (FAB) (M+H)⁺550.

Calcd. for: C₂₅H₃₁N₃O₇S₂; C, 54.62; H, 5.68; N, 7.64. Found: C, 54.51;H, 5.60; N, 7.63.

Example 111 Synthesis ofN-(Benzylsulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 2 and by substituting the appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS [M+H]⁺550.

Calcd. for: C₂₉H₃₉N₃O₇S₂; C, 57.52; H, 6.45; N, 6.94. Found: C, 57.32;H, 6.52; N, 6.81.

Example 117 Synthesis ofN-(Methyl-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting N-methyl-pyrazole sulfonyl chloride (see Dickson, U.S. Pat.No. 3,665,009 (May 23, 1972) and following the method for thepreparation of Example 56, gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.83 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m,2H), 7.00 (m, 2H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.38 (m,1H), 3.23-3.11 (m, 1H), 3.10-2.99 (m, 4H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 1H),1.66-1.46 (m, 3H), 1.44 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.7, 169.9, 154.9, 150.6,138.9, 133.2, 132.5,130.2, 121.7, 117.9, 82.6, 62.4, 53.7, 49.7, 39.6, 37.7, 36.6, 36.4,29.9, 27.9, 24.2.

Example 132 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)-phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Substituting thiamorpholine for N-methylpiperazine, and following themethod for the preparation of Example 4 and 14, gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

1H NMR (CDCl₃): δ=7.87-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.28-7.17 (m, 5H), 7.01 (d, 2H),4.71-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.05 (m, 5H), 3.39-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.01 (m,7H), 2.05-2.03 (m, 1H), 1.58-1.44 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ=170.4, 169.8, 153.0, 149.7, 134.2, 130.6, 130.5,121.3, 116.8, 116.5, 82.6, 62.1, 53.6, 51.8, 49.5, 43.1, 42.7, 37.2,29.7, 27.8, 24.2.

Example 137 Synthesis ofN-(Methyl-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)-phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 117.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.27 (d, 1H), 7.13 (d,2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.06-5.02 (m, 1H), 4.80-4.73 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.94 (m,1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.44-3.37 (m, 1H), 3.25-3.19 (m, 1H), 3.09-3.00 (m,5H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.66-1.48 (m, 3H), 1.23 (d, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.8, 170.5, 154.9, 150.6, 138.9, 132.9, 32.5,130.2, 121.7, 117.8, 69.5, 62.3, 53.2, 49.7, 39.6, 37.1, 36.6, 36.3,29.9, 24.1, 21.6, 21.5.

TABLE II

R¹ R² R³ R⁵ R^(6′) Ex. No. p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —O-n-butyl 99 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —O-cyclopentyl 100 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ 101 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperidin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 102 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) Φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 103 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) Φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 104 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-4-phenylpiperidin-4-yl)- —OCH₂CH₃ 105 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 1-methylimidazol- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 106 4-yl 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-NH₂-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ 107 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 108 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) Φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 109—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 110—CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂— (L-piperizinyl) Φ-CH₂— R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 111 —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —NH-adamantyl 112 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O]benzyl-—NHCH₂C(O)OH 113 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl- —OCH₃ 114 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 115—CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂— (L-piperizinyl) p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 116 —CH₂CH₂— (Cbz)NHCH₂—[L-4-N-(Cbz)- piperizinyl] 1-methylpyrazol- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 117 4-yl 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 3-pyridyl R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH118 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 119 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 120 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ —CH₃ H p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl sulfone)-—OC(CH₃)₃ 121 C(O)O-]benzyl- p-CH₃-Φ —CH₃ Hp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 122 p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- 2,4-dioxo- 123 3 carbon atoms tetrahydrofuran-(L-pyrrolidinyl) 3-yl (3,4-enol) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 124 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 125 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 126 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₃ 127 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-yl)- —OCH₂CH₃ 128 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclic3-nitro-4-[(morpholin-4-yl)- —OH 129 3 carbon atoms C(O)O-]benzyl-L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(1-Boc-piperazin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 130 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ —CH₃ —C(CH₃)₃p-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 131 p-F-Φ R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 132 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) p-F-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 133 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) p-CH₃-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(morpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 134 —CH₂—CH₂—SO₂—CH₂— (L-1,1-dioxothiomorpholin- 3-yl) 1-methylpyrazol- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 135 4-yl 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) morpholin-4-yl R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 136 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)1-methylpyrazol- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ 1374-yl 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)

Additional compounds prepared by the methods described above include thefollowing:

Example 138 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The N-methylpyrazole sulfonyl chloride was prepared by addingN-methylpyrazole to chilled (0° C.) chlorosulfonic acid. The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and then heated to 100°C. overnight under a stream of N₂. The reaction mixture was then cooledto room temperature and chilled to 0° C. To this solution was addedthionyl chloride (2.5 eq.) and the reaction was stirred at roomtemperature for 30 min., then warmed to 70° C. for two hours. Thereaction was cooled to room temperature and then chilled in an ice bath.Water and ice were slowly added to the reaction mixture to precipitate awhite solid which was collected by filtration. The desired sulfonylchloride was washed with cold water and hexane.

The title compound was then prepared following the procedure outlinedfor the preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials, mp: 169-170° C.

Example 139 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 138 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): 8=7.94 (s, 1H); 7.79 (s, 1H); 7.25 (d, 2H, J=8.8 Hz);7.0 (d, 2H, J=8.8 Hz); 5.15 (br s, 1H); 4.80 (m, 1H); 4.54 (d, 1H,J=9.0HHz); 4.39 (d, 1H, J=9.3 Hz); 3.93 (s, 3H); 3.88 (s, 1H); 3.23-3.02 (m,2H0; 3.07 (s, 3H); 2.98 (s, 3H); 1.27 (s, 3H); 1.14 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): 173.86, 169.05, 155.23, 150.47, 139.21, 133.59, 133.15,130.53, 121.84, 117.57, 73,58, 54,71, 53.75, 50.42, 39.60, 37.18, 36.60,36.36, 35.11, 28.97, 23.95.

Example 140 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 630 [M+H]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₁H₃₉N₃O₉S.0.2 CH₂Cl₂: C, 57.94; H, 6.14; N, 6.50.Found: C, 57.73; H, 5.90; N, 6.47.

Example 141 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The product of Example 140 was hydrolyzed using the procedure describedin Method 5 but employing methanol as the solvent and running thereaction at 25° C. for 24 h. The solvent was then evaporated, theresidue taken up in H₂O, washed with methylene chloride and lyophilizedto afford the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 619 [M+H]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₉H₃₅N₃O₉SLi.1.5 H₂O: C, 53.37; H, 6.02; N, 6.44.Found: C, 53.40; H, 5.58; N, 6.48.

Example 142 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-acetylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The product of Example 127 was hydrolyzed using the procedure describedin Method 5 but employing methanol as the solvent and running thereaction at 25° C. for 24 h. The solvent was then evaporated, theresidue taken up in H₂O, washed with methylene chloride and lyophilizedto afford the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 587 [M+H]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₈H₃₃N₄O₈SLi.3H₂O: C, 52.01; H, 6.08; N, 8.66. Found:C, 52.03; H, 5.36; N, 8.04.

Example 143 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The product of Example 128 was hydrolyzed using the procedure describedin Example 142.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 623 [M+H]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₇H₃₃N₄O₉S₂Li.2 H₂O: C, 48.79; H, 5.61; N, 8.43.Found: C, 48.66; H, 5.14; N, 8.04.

Example 144 Synthesis of N-(Toluenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-phenylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The ethyl ester of the title compound was prepared following theprocedure outlined for Example 4 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials. The ethyl ester was then hydrolyzed using theprocedure described in Example 142.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (−ESI): 619 [M−H]⁻.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₂H₃₆N4O₇SLi.2H₂O: C, 58.00; H, 5.93; N, 8.45. Found:C, 57.65; H, 5.49; N, 8.13.

Example 145 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The product of Example 125 (0.7 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in methylenechloride (9 mL). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and trifluoroaceticacid (1.0 mL) was added and the resulting clear solution was stirred for4 h. The reaction solution was then diluted with additional methylenechloride (50 mL), washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution(3×50 mL), dried (K₂CO₃) and the solvent stripped off to give a whitesolid (0.465 g). Flash chromotography (9:1 CH₂Cl₂:EtOH) of this materialgave a clear oil which was washed several times with hexane to give awhite solid (0.289 g, 48%).

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 601.7 [M+1]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₀H₄₀N₄O₇S.0.25 CH₂Cl₂: C, 58.42; H, 6.56; N, 9.01.Found: C, 58.79; H, 6.51; N, 8.74.

Example 146 Synthesis of2-(Saccharin-2-yl)propionyl-L-4-(4′-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 46 using theprocedure described in Method 11, mp=117-122° C. (with foaming).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₅H₂₈N₄O₈S.1.5 H₂O: C, 52.53; H, 5.47; N, 9.80. Found:C, 52.26; H, 5.36; N, 9.23.

Example 147 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine tert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 128 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 696 [M+NH₄]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₁H₄₂N₄O₉S₂.0.5 CH₂Cl₂: C, 51.62; H, 6.00; N, 7.76.Found: C, 51.55; H, 6.21; N, 7.60.

Example 148 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine(N′-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-amino-2-methylpropyl) Ester

(BOC)₂O (96 mg, 0.44 mmol) was added to a solution of the product fromExample 9 (200 mg, 0.4 mmol.), N-Boc-2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (965mg, 0.5 mmol) and a catalytic amount of DMAP in THF (92 mL) containingpyridine (50 μl). The mixture was stirred at room temperature underargon for 48 h. The mixture was poured into 1N HCl and extracted withethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed (1N HCl), dried (MgSO₄) andthe solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purifiedby flash chromatography (EtOAc:hexanes 2:1) to give the desired compoundas an amorphous white foam (150 mg., 55%).

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ at 675.

MS (+ESI): [M+NH₄]⁺ at 692 (100%).

Example 149 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-(Morpholin-4-yl)ethyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 148 by substituting 2-morpholinoethanol forN-Boc-2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₀H₄₀N₄O₈S.0.5 H₂O: C, 57.58; H, 6.60; N, 8.95. Found:C, 57.26; H, 6.29; N, 8.82.

Example 150 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-acetylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 127 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI): 660.4 [M+NH₄]⁺.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₂N₄₂N₄O₈S.0.15 CH₂Cl₂: C, 58.91; H, 6.50; N, 8.55.Found: C, 58.64; H, 6.36; N, 8.40.

Example 151 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-proplyl-L-4-(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substituting 4-piperidinol for N-methyl piperazine.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₁H₄₁N₃O₈S.0.6 H₂O.0.22 EtOAc: C, 59.28; H, 6.86; N,6.51 Found: C, 58.92; H, 6.37; N, 6.47.

Example 152 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-(morpholin-4′-yl)ethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substituting 4-(2-aminoethyl)morpholine for N-methylpiperazine.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₂H₄₄N₄O₈S.0.25 H₂O: C,59.20; H, 6.91; N, 8.63 Found:C, 59.01; H, 6.54; N, 8.38.

Example 153 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)carbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (−ESI): 656 [M−H]⁻.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₃H₄₃N₃O₉S.0.1 CH₂Cl₂: C, 59.67; H, 6.54; N, 6.31.Found: C, 59.83; H, 6.63; N, 6.66.

Example 154 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substituting 2-(methylamino)ethanol for N-methylpiperazine.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₉H₃₉N₃O₈S.0.5 H₂O: C, 58.18; H, 6.73; N, 7.02. Found:C, 57.95; H, 6.5; N, 6.9.

Example 155 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-N-formyloxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared by treating the product of Example 151with formic acid overnight with stirring. The title compound wasobtained as a white foam (130 mg., 94%), following removal of excessformic acid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHZ) δ 12.8 (s, 1H); 8.23 (s, 1H); 8.09 (d, 1H);7.69 (d, 2H), 7.4 (d, 2H); 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H); 5.00 (m, 1H);4.45 (m, 1H); 4. 10 (m, 1H); 3.6-3.8 (br, 2H); 3.4 (br s, 1H); 3.25 (m,2H); 3.10 (m, 2H); 2.95 (m, 6H); 2.35 (s, 3H); 1.95 (m, 2H); 1.56-1.75(m, 5H); 1.4 (m, 1H).

IR (KBr,cm⁻¹) 3400, 2950, 1720, 1680, 1510, 1430, 1325, 1250, 1150,1010, 650, 75, 540.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 605 (100 [M+NH,1⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₈H₃₃N₃O₉S.0.66H₂O: C, 56.09; H, 5.77; N, 7.01. Found:C, 56.14; H, 5.83; N, 6.78.

Example 156 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials, mp.64-67° C. (with foaming).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₀H₃₉N₃O₈S.0.75 H₂O0.1 EtOAc: C, 58.51; H, 6.67; N,6.73. Found: C, 58.55; H, 6.09; N, 6.78.

Example 157 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The carbonate was prepared by treatment of Tos-Pro-Tyr-t-butyl esterwith 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, followed by addition of N-(2-hydroxylethyl)piperazine (triethylamine, methylene chloride, chilled to 0° C.,then stirred at room temperature overnight). The crude product waspurified by flash chromatography (silica, 95:5 EtOAc:EtOH) to afford awhite solid, mp.158-160° C. (0.387 g, 58%).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHZ) δ 8.15 (d, 1H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.70(d, 2H, J=6.59Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.23(d, 2H, J=8.56 Hz); 7.00 (d, 2H,J=8.56 Hz); 4.42 (m, 1H); 4.38 (m, 1H); 4.08 (m, 1H); 3.51 (m, 4H); 3.34(m, 3H); 3.09 (m, 1H); 2.99 (m, 2H); 2.43 (m, 6H); 2.39 (s, 3H); 1.59(m, 3H); 1.39 (m, 1H); 1.35 (s, 9H).

IR (KBr,cm⁻¹) 3505, 3400, 2990, 2930, 2890, 1730, 1700, 1670, 1510,1430, 1350, 1220, 1200, 1160, 670, 590, 545.

MS ((−)ESI, m/z (%)) 643 (98 [M−NH₄]).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₂H₄₄N₄O₈S: C, 59.61; H, 6.88; N, 8.69. Found: C,59.06; H, 6.95; N, 8.43.

Example 158 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(2′-formyloxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared by treating the product of Example 154with formic acid overnight with stirring. The tide compound was obtainedas a white foam (110 mg., 77%), following removal of excess formic acid.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ 12.8 (s, 1H); 8.25 (d, 1H); 8.08 (d, 1H);7.69 (d, 2H), 7.40 (d, 2H); 7.22 (d, 2H), 6.98 (dd, 2H); 4.47 (m, 1H);4.35 (m, 1H); 4.27 (m, 1H); 4.10 (m, 1H); 3.65 (m, 1H); 3.55 (m, 1H);2.85-3.15 (overlapping m, 7H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.55 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H).

IR (KBr,cm⁻¹) 3420, 2910, 1725, 1510, 1400, 1340, 1270, 1150, 675, 590,550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 579 (100 [M+NH,1⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C26H₃₁N₃O₉S.0.66H₂O: C, 54.45; H, 5.68; N, 7.33 Found:C, 54.41; H, 5.60; N, 7.24.

Example 159 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The tide compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials, mp.49-52° C.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal Calcd. for C₂₈H₃₇N₃O₈S.0.5 H₂O: C, 57.52; H, 6.55; N, 7.19. Found:C, 57.56; H, 6.38; N, 7.14.

Example 160 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(N-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The carbonate was prepared by treatment of Tos-Pro-Tyr-t-butyl esterwith 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, followed by addition of glycine methylester (triethylamine, methylene chloride, chilled to 0°, then stirred atroom temperature overnight). The crude product was purified by flashchromatography (silica, 3:2 EtOAc:hexane) to afford a white foam (0.640g, 35%).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO d₆, 400 MHz) δ 8.15 (d, 1H, J=8.12 Hz); 8.12 (d, 2H, J=6.15Hz); 7.73 (d, 2H, J=8.34 Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.24 (d, 2H,J=8.56 Hz); 6.98 (d, 2H, J=8.34 Hz); 4.25 (m, 1H); 4.07 (m, 1H); 3.83(d, 2H, J=6.15 Hz); 3.64 (s, 3H); 3.32 (m, 1H); 3.02 (m, 3H); 2.39 (s,3H); 1.56 (m, 3H); 1.41 (m, 1H); 1.35 (s, 9H).

IR (KBr,CM-¹) 3400, 2990, 1745, 1680, 1500, 1370, 1350, 1200, 1160, 670,600.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 621 (100[M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₉H₃₇N₃O₉S: c, 57.70; H, 6.18; N, 6.96. Found: C,57.63; H, 6.11; N, 6.74.

Example 161 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanimeIsopropyl Ester

The tide compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 138 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H, J=8.2 Hz),7.03 (m, 3H); 5.03 (m, 1H), 4.84 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H), 4.42 (d, 1H),3.96 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 1H), 3.18-3.01 (m, 2H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 3.01 (s,3H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 1.24 (m, 6H), 1.17 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.43, 166.31, 154.92, 150.68, 132.91, 132.88,130.34,121.78, 117.69, 73.76, 69.61, 54,79, 53.2, 50.52, 39.61, 37.62,36.58, 36.35, 28.96, 24.02, 21.57, 21.49.

Example 162 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methoxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 156 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DSMO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ 8.10 (d, 1H); 7.72 (d, 2H); 7.41(d, 2H);7.24 (d, 2H); 7.02 (d, 2H); 4.92 (m, 1H); 4.45 (m, 1H); 4.10 (m, 1H);3.8 (br s, 1H); 3.65 (br s, 1H); 3.40 (m, 2H); 3.25 (s, 3H); 2.95-3.15(overlapping m, 5H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.85 (br, 2H); 1.4-1.6 (m, 6H); 1.18(d, 3H); 1.12 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr,cm⁻¹) 3400, 2950, 1720, 1520, 1425, 1340, 1210, 1160, 1100, 625,590, 540.

MS ((+) ESI, m/z (%)) 633 [M+NH]⁺).

Example 163 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-methoxypiperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 162 usingthe procedure described in Method 5.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ 12.8 (s, 1H); 8.10 (d, 1H); 7.72 (d, 2H);7.41 (d, 2H); 7.24 (d, 2H); 7.02 (d, 2H); 4.45 (m, 1H); 4.10 (m, 1H);3.8 (br s, 1H); 3.65 (br s, 1H); 3.40 (m, 2H); 3.25 (s, 3H); 2.95-3.15(overlapping m, 5H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.85 (br, 2H); 1.4-1.6 (m, 6H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 2950, 1720, 1520, 1425, 1340, 1210, 1160, 1100,625, 590, 540.

MS ((−)ESI, m/z (%)) 572 (100 [M−H]⁻).

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₈H₃₅N₃O₈S.0.33EtOAc.1H₂O: C, 56.73; H, 6.44; N, 6.77.Found: C, 56.96; H, 6.01; N, 6.76.

Example 164 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Dichloromethane (7 mL) was cooled to −60° C. (chloroform/dry ice bath).Oxalyl chloride (0.15 mL) was added. The product from Example 165 (870mg) and dry DMSO (0.26 mL) were dissolved in dichloromethane (8 mL) andadded slowly to the above solution. The reaction was stirred at −60° C.for 30 minutes under dry conditions. Triethylamine (1.05 mL) was added.

After 5 minutes, the dry ice bath was removed. The reaction was stirredat room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo.Ethyl acetate (30 mL) was added to the residue. The mixture was washedwith citric acid solution (5%, 2×30 mL) and saturated NAHCO₃ solution(2×30 mL); and finally with brine. The solution was dried over MgSO₄.The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the residue was flushed on asilica gel column to give 440 mg of the desired product, mp: 78-80° C.

Example 165 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-trans-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethycarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-trans-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(hydroxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (1.60 g) and dimethylcarbamyl chloride (0.30 mL) weredissolved in DMF at 0° C. in an ice bath. Potassium carbonate powder(2.03 g) was added to the solution. The ice bath was removed after 5minutes. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Thesolid was filtered. Ethyl acetate (40 mL) was added to the solution. Thesolution was washed with citric acid solution (5%, 40 mL) 2 times, andsaturated NaHCO₃ solution (40 mL) 1 time. The solution was then washedwith brine and dried with MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo togive 1.07 g of the title compound, mp: 170-172° C.

Example 166 Synthesis ofN-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

N-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(hydroxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (700 mg) and dimethylcarbamyl chloride (0.2 mL) weredissolved in DMF (15 mL) at 0° C. in an ice bath. Potassium carbonatepowder (1.375 g) was added to the solution. The ice bath was removedafter 5 minutes. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 6hours. The solid was filtered. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added to thesolution. The solution was washed with citric acid solution (5%, 30 mL,2×), and saturated NaHCO₃ solution. The solution was then washed withbrine and dried with MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give890 mg of the title compound, mp: 107-109° C.

Example 167 Synthesis ofN-(Morpholino-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

N-(Morpholino-sulfonyl)-L-proline was prepared using the proceduredescribed by Cheeseright, et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1994,12, 1595-1600. The title compound was prepared following the proceduredescribed for the preparation of Example 2.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.13 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 4.71 (q,1H), 4.25 (t, 1H), 3.67 (t, 4H), 3.39 (dt, 1H), 3.28-3.19 (m, 1H), 3.23(t, 4H), 3.18 (dd, 1H), 3.08 (dd, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H),2.16-2.08 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.86 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.66 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 171.2, 170.4, 154.8, 150.7, 132.9, 130.3, 121.7,82.7, 66.3, 62.6, 53.3, 49.6, 46.2, 37.0, 36.6, 36.3, 30.5, 27.8, 24.7.

Example 168 Synthesis ofN-(Morpholino-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 167 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.04 (d, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 4.71-4.64(m, 1H), 4.22 (dd, 1H), 3.62-3.50 (m, 4H), 3.43-3.31 (m, 2H), 3.24 (dd,1H), 3.11 (t, 4H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.03 (dd, 1H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.22-2.11(m, 1H), 1.98-1.80 (m, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.65, 174.58, 174.00, 156.60, 151.70, 135.30,131.20, 122.70, 67.10, 63.10, 54.59, 54.50, 50.6, 47.10, 37.10, 36.50,36.40, 32.0, 25.60.

Example 169 Synthesis ofN-(-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedures described forthe preparation of Examples 14 and 117.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 6.98 (d,2H), 6.44 (d, 1H0HH), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.66 (m, 1H), 4.04 (m, 2H), 3.98 (s,3H), 3.19 (m, 2H), 3.06 (m, 6H), 2.98 (m, 4H), 1.42 (m, 9H).

¹³CNMR(CDCl₃): δ 170.58, 164.75, 154.91, 150.75, 139.33, 132.73, 132.43,130.43, 122.18, 119.66, 83.07, 56.02, 53.23, 50.03, 49.03, 41.49, 39.63,36.56, 36.31, 36.16, 27.87.

Example 170 Synthesis ofN-(2-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 90 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.72 (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 7.37 (m,2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.07 (d, 2H), 5.18 (m, 1H), 4.59 (m, 1H), 4.26 (m,1H), 3.76 (m, 2H), 3.36 (m, 1H), 3.21 (m, 2H), 3.08 (m, 6H), 2.96 (s,3H).

¹³ C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 173.85, 168.04, 162.06, 158.69, 156.92, 152.06,137.69, 135.05, 131.83, 131.59, 129.77, 128.44, 128.26, 126.21, 123.17,119.04, 118.75, 57.04, 54.99, 52.08, 51.66, 43.36, 37.24, 36.83, 36.66.

Example 171 Synthesis ofN-(2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 92 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.88 (m, 1/2H), 8.14 (m, 1/2H), 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.64 (m,1H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 5.16 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m,1H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 3.75 (m, 2H), 3.41 (m, 1H), 3.15 (m, 5H), 3.02 (m,4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 173.91, 168.04, 156.93, 152.05, 135.15, 133.81,133.67, 131.60, 123.13, 113.48, 113.18, 107.38, 107.02, 57.02, 55.02,52.29, 51.84, 43.45, 37.34, 36.83, 36.66.

Example 172 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 49 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.67 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.10 (d,1H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 5.40 (bs, >1H), 4.85 (m, 2H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 3.41 (m,1H), 3.07 (m, 6H), 2.98 (m, 4H), 2.62 (m, 1H), 2.41 (m, 5H), 2.13 (m,1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 173.40, 168.49, 155.26, 144.44, 136.88, 132.95,130.51, 130.30, 127.28, 122.08, 55.34, 53.45, 43.43, 36.62, 36.38,35.85, 25.25, 24.54, 21.43.

Example 173 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl-thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 56 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.13 (m, 1H), 8.90 (m, 1H), 8.19 (m, 1H), 7.56 (m,1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d, 2H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.07 (m, 1H), 4.85 (m,1H), 4.62 (d, 1H), 4.48 (d, 1H), 3.92 (s, 1H), 3.20-3.05 (m, 2H), 3.12(s, 3H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 1.32-1.16 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.30, 167.75, 154.19, 150.67, 148.59, 135.72,132.94, 132.72, 130.27, 123.91, 121.78, 73.62, 69.64, 54.69, 53.12,50.48, 37.50, 36.53, 36.29, 29.05, 23.73, 21.54, 21.46.

Example 174 Synthesis ofN-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 91 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.68 (m, 3H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.01 (m,2H), 5.21 (m, 1H), 4.60 (m, 1H), 4.20 (m, 1H), 3.75 (m, 1H), 3.43 (m,1H), 3.21 (m, 3H), 3.02 (m, 4H), 2.96 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 173.98, 167.98, 165.89, 162.56, 156.94, 152.06,142.70, 142.61, 135.11, 133.30, 133.19, 131.57, 124.71, 123.25, 122.21,121.93, 116.05, 115.71, 57.27, 54.87, 54.79, 51.29, 51.06, 43.24, 37.11,36.83.

Example 175 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 169 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.24 (d,2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.16 (m, 1H), 4.69 (m, 1H), 4.19 (m, 1H), 3.90 (s,3H), 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.33 (m, 3H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 3.02 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.07, 168.11, 156.93, 152.08, 140.12, 135.05,134.90, 131.67, 123.28, 121.82, 57.33, 54.77, 50.83, 50.64, 42.94,39.80, 37.02, 36.84, 36.76.

Example 176 Synthesis ofN-(4-tert-Butylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 88 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.70 (d, 2H), 7.53 (d, 2H), 7.04 (d, 2H), 6.87 (d,2H), 5.09 (m, 1H), 4.48 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.60 (m, 1H), 2.90 (m,5H), 2.80 (m, 5H), 1.15 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 173.95, 168.09, 159.33, 156.88, 152.09, 137.52,135.03, 131.54, 128.68, 128.15, 123.32, 57.27, 54.81, 50.75, 43.04,36.97, 36.82, 36.65, 36.16, 31.35.

Example 177 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-(3,3-dimethyl)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 97 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.42-7.33 (m, 3.5H), 7.27(d, 1H), 7.19 (d, 0.5H), 7.10 (d, 1H), 7.03 (d, 1H), 5.07-5.00 (m,0.5H), 4.94-4.87 (m, 0.5), 3.67 (d, 1H), 3.58-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.25(m, 1H), 3.19-3.08 (m, 2H), 3.11 (s, 3H), 3.02 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 1.5H),2.43 (s, 1.5H), 1.70-1.57 (m, 1H), 1.34-1.27 (m, 1H), 0.94 (s, 1.5H),0.75 (s, 1.5H), 0.54 (s, 6H).

¹³CNMR (CDCl₃): δ 174.6, 174.4, 171.8, 171.4, 155.7, 150.5, 150.4,144.5, 144.4, 133.5, 132.6, 130.9, 130.6, 130.0, 129.9, 128.0, 127.9,122.2, 122.0, 71.2, 70.9, 53.3, 52.2, 47.3, 47.1, 43.0, 42.7, 38.1,37.9, 36.6, 36.4, 27.0, 26.8, 23.3, 23.0.

Example 178 Synthesis ofN-(2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 86 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.10 (d, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 7.0 (d, 2H),4.65 (m, 1H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 3.55-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.20 (m, 2H),3.15-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.65 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.2, 173.9, 156.9, 151.9, 135.9, 135.5, 132.3,131.6, 128.9, 128.6, 122.9, 63.1, 54.8, 54.7, 50.3, 37.4, 36.8, 36.7,32.1, 25.5.

Example 179 Synthesis ofN-(4-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 180 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.78 (d, 2H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.09 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 4.71-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.41-3.31 (m,1H), 3.28-3.07 (m, 6H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.81-1.50 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 168.3, 168.2, 159.2, 150.9, 145.9, 129.5, 125.6,125.3, 123.5, 116.9, 109.6, 57.2, 50.2, 48.7, 44.6, 31.4, 30.8, 30.6,25.7, 19.3.

Example 180 Synthesis ofN-(4-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example2 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.76 (d, 2H), 7.34 (d, 1H), 7.14 (d, 2H), 7.03-6.97(m, 4H), 5.08-5.04 (m, 1H), 4.77 (m, 1H), 4.05-4.03 (m, 1H), 3.86 (s,3H), 3.37-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.19 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.01 (m, 4H), 2.98 (s,3H), 2.02 (m, 1H), 1.56-1.46 (m, 3H), 1.25 (d, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.8, 170.3, 163.4, 154.8, 150.5, 132.9, 130.1,129.9, 127.6, 121.6, 114.3, 69.4, 62.1, 55.4, 53.2, 49.5, 37.1, 36.5,36.2, 29.7, 24.0, 21.5, 21.4.

Example 181 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 182 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.26 (m,2H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 5.14 (m, 1H), 4.64 (m, 2H), 3.81 (m, 1H), 3.71 (m,2H), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.14 (m, 3H), 3.02 (m, 4H), 2.84 (m, 1H), 2.60 (m,1H), 2.42 (m, 4H), 2.21 (m, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.22, 173.93, 169.59, 156.88, 152.08, 152.05,146.44, 146.26, 137.75, 137.63, 135.61, 134.96, 131.79, 131.64, 131.55,131.39, 128.75, 128.66, 123.35, 123.06, 57.03, 54.88, 54.66, 51.64,42.69, 42.51, 40.34, 37.12, 36.83, 36.66, 32.76, 21.51.

Example 182 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 49. The oxidation of the thiomorpholine groupto the 1-oxo-thiomorpholine group was per Larsson and Carlson (ActaChemica Scan. 1994, 48, 517-525).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.69 (m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 7.11 (m,2H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 6.96 (m, 2H), 4.79 (m, 1H), 4.54 (m, 1H), 3.80 (m,4H), 3.04 (4H), 2.92 (m, 3H), 2.64 (m, 1H), 2.43 (m, 4H), 1.44 (s, 3H),1.36 (s, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 169.8, 166.5, 166.,3 154.6, 150.5, 150.4, 144.9,144.4, 135.7, 135.3, 132.8, 130.5, 130.1, 29.9, 127.4, 126.9, 122.1,121.4, 82.6, 82.2, 55.6, 53.9, 53.1, 50.6, 48.1, 47.8, 41.7, 40.5, 38.3,36.4, 36.1, 31.1, 27.5, 21.2.

Example 183 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.72-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.87-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.11 (m,3H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.08-5.04 (m, 1H), 4.81-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.06 (m,1H), 3.39-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.19 (m, 1H), 3.12-2.97 (m, 8H), 2.06-2.03(m, 1H), 1.66-1.57 (m, 3H), 1.26 (d, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.50, 170.40, 154.90, 153.60, 150.70, 150.30,133.30, 132.90, 130.10, 125.00, 121.80, 121.80, 118.50, 112.80, 69.60,62.20, 53.20, 49.60, 37.10, 36.60, 36.30, 30.10, 24.20, 21.59, 21.56.

Example 184 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 183 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.10 (d, 1H), 7.84-7.77 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.65 (m, 1H),7.53-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 1H),4.19-4.16 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.39 (m, 1H), 3.31-3.21 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.05 (m,4H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.61 (m, 4H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.2, 174.1, 164.7, 156.9, 154.9, 152.0, 151.6,135.8, 135.6, 131.6, 129.7, 122.9, 119.7, 118.8, 63.1, 54.7, 50.5, 37.4,36.8, 36.6, 31.9, 25.5.

Example 185 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example92 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.71 (m, 2H), 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, 2H), 6.91 (d,2H), 6.36 (d, 1H), 4.95 (m, 1H), 4.61 (m, 1H), 4.03 (m, 2H), 3.16 (m,2H), 3.13 (m, 4H), 3.07 (m, 1H), 2.93 (s, 9H), 1.43 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.07, 169.45, 164.42, 155.06, 155.44, 154.81,152.21, 152.17, 150.58, 148.81, 148.64, 134.90, 134.85, 132.41, 130.29,124.82, 124.71, 124.66, 121.97, 119.07, 118.76, 117.52, 117.23, 82.92,55.98, 53.20, 50.10, 49.40, 41.76, 36.41, 36.16, 35.99, 27.64.

Example 186 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 185 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 6.22 (m, 1H), 6.03 (m, 1H), 5.84 (m, 1H), 5.58 (m,2H), 5.38 (m, 2H), 3.33 (m, 1H), 3.01 (m, 1H), 2.57 (m, 1H), 2.14 (m,1H), 1.91 (m, 1H), 1.66 (m, 3H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.35 (m, 3H), 1.32 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 173.97, 167.89, 156.94, 153.53, 152.07, 150.00,137.48, 135.17, 131.63, 126.54, 126.43, 123.20, 120.21, 119.96, 118.84,118.57, 57.25, 54.82, 51.29, 49.86, 43.29, 37.21, 36.85, 36.67.

Example 187 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example82 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.64 (d, 2H), 7.33 (d, 2H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.08-6.97(m, 3H), 4.76 (m, 1H), 4.57 (d, 1H), 4.38 (d, 1H), 3.83 (s, 1H),3.95-3.78 (m, 4H), 3.09 (m, 2H), 2.69 (m, 4H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.44 (s,9H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 169.78, 168.36, 153.53, 150.28, 144.84, 133.53,132.76, 130.51, 130.03, 128.19, 121.58, 82.69, 73.42, 54.56, 53.78,50.46, 47.05, 46.40, 37.80, 29.06, 27.76, 27.37, 27.04, 23.86, 21.52.

Example 188 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Examples 187 usingthe procedures described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77 (d, 2H), 7.37 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d,1H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 5.35 (brs, 1H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 4.60 (d, 1H), 4.39 (d,1H), 3.91 (s, 1H), 3.96-3.28 (m, 4H), 3.30-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.67 (m, 4H),2.45 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 173.09, 169.45, 153.81, 150.28, 145.02, 133.42,132.61, 130.60, 130.12, 128.13, 121.86, 73.28, 54.51, 53.31, 50.48,47.08, 46.47, 36.97, 28.97, 27.35, 27.03, 23.70, 21.52.

Example 189 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 117 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 7.00 (m,3H), 4.87 (m, 1H), 4.54 (d, 1H), 4.42 (d, 1H), 4.18 (q, 2H), 3.95 (s,3H), 3.81 (s, 1H), 3.11 (m, 2H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 1.30 (s,3H), 1.25 (t, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.98, 168.34, 154.91, 150.71, 139.62, 132.88,130.28, 121.85, 117.71, 73.77, 61.66, 54.80, 53.16, 50.53, 39.64, 37.63,36.60, 36.36, 28.98, 24.00, 13.92.

Example 190 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 191 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.82 (m, 1H), 8.20 (m, 1H), 7.56 (m,1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.07 (d, 1H), 5.58 (brs, 1H), 4.83 (m, 1H), 4.56 (m,2H), 4.07 (s, 1H), 3.14 (m, 2H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 1.26 (s,3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 173.04, 168.29, 155.16, 153.39, 150.60, 147.96,136.43, 133.91, 133.06, 130.66, 130.50, 124.65, 122.14, 121.91, 73.43,54.58, 53.21, 50.38, 37.18, 36.64, 36.38, 29.25, 23.64.

Example 191 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 56 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 593

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₇H₃₆N₄O₇S₂.0.5 H₂O: C, 53.88; H, 6.07; N, 9.27.Found: C, 53.98; H, 6.07; N, 9.27.

Example 192 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

Substituting 2-pyridinesulfonyl chloride (see Corey, et al. J. Org Chem.1989, 54, 389-393) and following the method for the preparation ofExample 56, gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.59 (d, 1H), 8.00-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.78 (d, 1H),7.53-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.16 (d, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.05-4.99 (m, 1H),4.85-4.78 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.57 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.25-3.19 (m,1H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 3.06-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.19-2.13 (m, 1H),1.88-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.55 (m, 1H), 1.22-1.19 (m, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.90, 170.30, 156.20, 154.80, 150.50, 150.00,138.00, 133.10, 130.10, 127.00, 123.40, 121.60, 69.20, 62.80, 53.30,49.60, 37.20, 36.40, 36.20, 29.80, 24.30, 21.42, 21.40.

Example 193 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 192 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, 1H), 8.27 (d, 1H), 8.07-8.02 (m, 1H),7.96-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.27 (d, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H),4.72-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.54 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.37 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.24 (m,1H), 3.13-3.05 (m, 4H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 1.94-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.63 (m,2H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.5, 174.4, 174.2, 157.7, 156.9, 151.9, 139.9,135.6, 131.6, 128.8, 124.7, 122.9, 64.1, 54.8, 54.7, 50.9, 37.5, 36.8,36.7, 31.9, 25.6.

Example 194 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 192 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.64-8.62 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.51 (m,1H), 7.28-7.21 (m, 3H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.01-4.97 (m, 1H), 4.88-4.85 (m,2H), 4.80 (d, 1H), 4.63 (d, 1H), 4.19 (s, 1H), 3.11-3.07 (m, 5H), 2.98(s, 3H), 1.28 (s, 3H), 1.26-1.18 (m, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.4, 155.5, 154.9, 150.7, 150.4, 138.2,133.0, 130.4, 127.5, 123.5, 121.8, 73.5, 69.5, 54.7, 53.3, 51.0, 37.6,36.6, 36.4, 29.3, 23.9, 21.52, 21.50.

Example 195 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-2-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 194 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.70-8.69 (m, 1H), 8.07-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.92-7.89 (m,1H), 7.67-7.63 (m, 1H), 4.77-4.67 (m, 3H), 4.30 (s, 1H), 3.23-3.06 (m,5H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.27-1.18 (m, 6H).

¹³C NMR(CD₃OD): δ 174.1, 171.2, 157.0, 151.9, 151.6, 139.9, 135.7,131.8, 131.7, 129.0, 124.6, 122.9, 74.3, 61.6, 55.7, 54.9, 51.9, 37.6,36.8, 36.7, 30.1, 24.9.

Example 196 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 49 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.67 (d, 2H), 7.30 (d, 2H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 6.97 (d,2H), 6.86 (d, 1H), 5.05 (m, 1H), 4.70 (m, 2H), 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.31 (m,1H), 3.06 (m, 4H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.68 (m, 1H), 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.44 (s,3H), 2.29 (m, 1H), 2.13 (m, 2H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 1.22 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.35, 167.55, 155.00, 150.61, 144.20, 136.80,132.51, 130.24, 130.14, 127.20, 121.82, 69.48, 55.14, 53.55, 43.26,36.43, 36.16, 25.21, 24.56, 21.48, 21.31.

Example 197 Synthesis ofN-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.68 (d, 1H), 7.61-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.36 (dt, 1H), 7.21(d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.94 (d, 1H), 5.05 (sept, 1H), 4.85 (q, 1H), 4.59(d, 1H), 4.41 (d, 1H), 3.88 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H),3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.12 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.1, 162.6, 154.9, 150.7, 137.9, 132.8,131.3, 130.4, 123.9, 121.8, 121.0, 115.4, 73.5, 69.6, 54.5, 53.2, 50.5,37.6, 36.6, 36.3, 29.0, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 198 Synthesis ofN-(2-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.92-7.87 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.24 (m,2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.03 (Sept, 1H), 4.83 (q,1H), 4.67 (d, 1H), 4.63 (d, 1H), 4.03 (s, 1H), 3.16-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09(s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.31 (s, 3H), 1.24 (d, 3H), 1.22 (d, 3H), 1.19(s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.1, 159.2, 154.9, 150.7, 136.0, 132.9,132.0, 130.3, 124.6, 121.8, 117.6, 73.3, 69.6, 54.8, 53.2, 50.3, 37.6,36.6, 36.3, 29.1, 23.9, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 199 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.31 (m,1H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 5.05 (Sept, 1H),4.88-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H), 4.44 (d, 1H), 3.91 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03(m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.23(s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.4, 167.9, 154.9, 150.7, 133.1, 132.7, 130.4,124.4, 121.8, 118.5, 118.0, 73.6, 69.7, 54.6, 53.1, 50.5, 37.6, 36.6,36.3, 29.2, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 200 Synthesis ofN-(3,5-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.65 (m, 4H), 7.40-7.31 (m,1H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 5.05 (Sept, 1H),4.88-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H), 4.44 (d, 1H), 3.91 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03(m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.23(s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.4, 167.9, 154.9, 150.7, 133.1, 132.7, 130.4,124.4, 121.8, 118.5, 118.0, 73.6, 69.7, 54.6, 53.1, 50.5, 37.6, 36.6,36.3, 29.2, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 201 Synthesis ofN-(2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.94-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d, 2H),7.02-6.95 (m, 2H), 6.88 (d, 1H), 5.03 (Sept, 1H), 4.82 (q, 1H), 4.67 (d,1H), 4.61 (d, 1H), 4.01 (s, 1H), 3.16-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00(s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.21 (d, 3H), 1.20 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.9, 154.9, 150.7, 133.7, 132.8, 130.3,121.8, 112.1, 106.1, 73.4, 69.6, 54.9, 53.2, 50.4, 37.6, 36.6, 36.3,29.1, 23.9, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 202 Synthesis ofN-(4-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.82 (d, 2H), 7.53 (d, 2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d,2H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 5.05 (Sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.55 (d, 1H),4.41 (d, 1H), 3.87 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s,3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.16 (s, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.1, 154.9, 150.7, 140.4, 134.5, 132.8,130.4, 129.7, 129.5, 121.8, 73.5, 69.6, 54.6, 53.1, 50.5, 37.6, 36.6,36.3, 29.1, 23.8, 21.6, 21.0.

Example 203 Synthesis ofN-(3-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.88 (t, 1H), 7.78-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.61 (m, 1H),7.51 (t, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 5.05 (sept, 1H),4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.58 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 3.88 (s, 1H), 3.18-3.03(m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.16(s, 3H), 1.14 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.0, 154.9, 150.7, 137.7, 135.7, 133.9,132.8, 130.7, 130.3, 127.9, 126.2, 121.8, 73.6, 69.96, 54.5, 53.2, 50.5,37.6, 36.6, 36.3, 29.1, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 204 Synthesis ofN-(2-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.08 (dd, 1H), 7.54-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.39 (m, 1H),7.19 (d, 2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.79 (d, 1H), 5.00 (sept, 1H), 4.78 (d, 1H),4.75-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.69 (d, 1H), 4.19 (s, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.06 (d,2H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.38 (s, 3H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.19 (d,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.1, 154.9, 150.7, 135.6, 134.4, 132.8,132.7, 132.4, 130.3,127.3, 121.8, 73.3, 69.5, 54.7, 53.3, 50.4, 37.6,36.6, 36.3, 29.6, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 205 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.97 (d, 1H), 7.70 (dd, 1H), 7.63 (d, 1H), 7.20 (d,2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 6.86 (d, 1H), 5.05 (sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H),4.55 (d, 1H), 4.43 (d, 1H), 3.92 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s,3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.26 (d, 3H), 1.22 (d, 3H), 1.23 (s, 3H), 1.18 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.9, 154.9, 150.7, 138.7, 136.1, 134.2,132.7, 131.4, 130.3, 129.8, 127.1, 121.8, 73.6, 69.7, 54.6, 53.1, 50.5,37.5, 36.6, 36.3, 29.2, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 206 Synthesis ofN-(3,5-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterial.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.76 (d, 2H), 7.62 (t, 1H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d,2H), 6.85 (d, 1H), 5.05 (sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.57 (d, 1H),4.42 (d, 1H), 3.92 (s, 1H), 3.18-3.04 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s,3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.27 (s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.8, 154.9, 150.7, 139.1, 136.5, 133.7,132.7, 130.3, 126.2, 121.8, 73.7, 69.7, 54.6, 53.1, 50.5, 37.5, 36.6,36.3, 29.2, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 207 Synthesis ofN-(3-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example92 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.85 (m, 1H), 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.63 (m, 1H), 7.53 (m,1H), 7.06 (d, 2H), 6.96 (d, 2H), 6.37 (m, 1H), 5.01 (m, 1H), 4.62 (m,1H), 4.01 (m, 2H), 3.26 (m, 1H), 3.06 (s, 3H), 2.96 (m, 7H), 1.49 (s,9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.0, 164.5, 154.9, 150.6, 140.0, 136.1, 134.2,132.5, 131.3, 130.2, 127.4, 125.5, 122.2, 82.8, 56.0, 53.3, 49.9, 49.2,41.7, 36.5, 36.3, 36.0, 27.8.

Example 208 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example92 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.91 (m, 1H), 7.66 (m, 2H), 7.06 (d, 2H), 6.94 (d,2H), 6.33 (m, 1H), 4.98 (m, 1H), 4.60 (m, 1H), 3.49 (m, 3H), 3.12 (m,2H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.94 (s, 3H), 1.44 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.0, 164.3, 154.8, 150.6, 138.8, 137.9, 134.3,132.4 132.0, 130.3, 129.2, 126.4, 122.1, 83.0, 55.5, 53.1, 50.2, 49.5,41.8, 36.5, 36.2, 36.0, 27.7.

Example 209 Synthesis ofN-(4-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.81 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.06-6.99 (m, 5H), 5.04(sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H), 4.39 (d), 3.88 (s, 3H),3.83 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d,3H), 1.22 (d, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.12 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.5, 163.8, 154.9, 150.7, 132.9, 130.4,130.3, 127.4, 121.7, 114.5, 73.5, 69.5, 55.6, 54.6, 53.2, 50.5, 37.7,36.6, 36.3, 29.1, 23.9, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 210

Synthesis ofN-(3-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.47-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.37-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H),7.19-7.15 (m, 1H), 7.04-6.98 (m, 3H), 5.04 (sept, 1H), 4.88-4.82 (m,1H), 4.58 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 3.89 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.17-3.03(m, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.23 (d, 3H), 1.15(s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.3, 160.2, 154.9, 150.7, 136.9, 132.9,130.5, 130.4, 121.7, 120.2, 120.0, 112.6, 73.4, 69.6, 55.7, 54.5, 53.2,50.4, 37.7, 36.6, 36.3, 29.1, 23.7, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 211 Synthesis ofN-(2-Methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.92 (dd, 1H), 7.54 (dd, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.07-7.00(m, 4H), 6.96 (d, 1H), 5.01 (sept, 1H), 4.83-4.76 (m, 1H), 4.73 (d, 1H),4.61 (d, 1H), 4.17 (s, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.14-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.09 (s,3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.22 (d, 3H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.19 (d,3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.7, 157.7, 154.9, 150.6, 135.4, 133.0,132.5, 130.3, 125.2, 121.7, 120.5, 112.6, 73.3, 69.5, 56.0, 54.8, 53.3,50.4, 37.7, 36.6, 36.3, 29.2, 24.1, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 212 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.50 (dd, 1H), 7.31 (d, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.05-7.01(m, 3H), 6.97 (d, 1H), 5.04 (sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H),4.40 (d, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.89 (s, 1H), 3.17-3.03 (m,2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 1.22 (d, 3H), 1.16 (s,3H), 1.14 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.5, 154.9, 153.5, 150.7, 149.4, 132.9,130.4, 127.6, 122.3, 121.7, 110.6, 110.3, 73.5, 69.6, 56.3, 56.1, 54.6,53.2, 50.5, 37.7, 36.6, 36.3, 29.2, 23.8, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 213 Synthesis ofN-(2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 49 by substitution of the appropriatestarting material.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.89 (m, 1H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 6.97 (m, 4H), 6.77 (d,1H), 4.72 (m, 1H), 4.60 (m, 1H), 3.92 (m, 1H), 3.29 (m, 1H), 3.09 (m,5H), 2.93 (s, 3H), 2.70 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.10 (m, 1H), 1.42 (s,9H).

13C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.0, 168.0, 167.7, 137.1, 164.4, 164.3, 161.1,160.9, 157.7, 157.5, 154.8, 150.5, 132.7, 132.6, 132.4, 130.4, 124.0,123.8, 121.7, 112.2, 111.9, 106.5, 106.1, 105.8, 82.6, 55.4, 53.9, 43.5,36.4, 36.2, 27.7, 26.8, 25.5.

Example 214 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 208 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.04 (m, 1H), 7.68 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.21 (d,2H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.22 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m, 1H), 4.22 (m, 1H), 3.71 (m,1H), 3.57 (m, 1H), 3.30 (m, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.02 (m, 3H), 2.97 (s,3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.0, 168.0, 156.9, 152.1, 140.7, 139.3, 135.2,133.2, 131.6, 130.7, 128.3, 123.2, 57.2, 54.9, 54.6, 51.7, 51.4, 43.3,37.3, 36.9, 36.7.

Example 215 Synthesis ofN-(3-Chlorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 207 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.77 (m, 2H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.46 (d,1H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 7.07 (d, 2H), 5.23 (m, 1H), 4.63 (m, 1H), 4.20 (m,1H), 3.71 (m, 1H), 3.43 (m, 1H), 3.26 (m, 4H), 3.17 (s, 3H), 2.95 (m,5H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 168.0, 152.1, 142.5, 136.8, 135.0, 132.7, 131.6,128.6, 127.1, 123.3, 57.2, 54.9, 51.4, 51.2, 43.2, 37.2, 36.8, 36.7.

Example 216 Synthesis ofN-(3-Chloro-4-fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1,1-dioxothiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example92 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.93 (d), 7.90 (m), 7.29 (s), 7.27 (d), 7.04 (d), 4.60(m), 4.46 (d), 3.90-3.40 (m), 3.10 (s), 2.98 (s), 1.43 (s).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 171.5, 166.5, 156.9, 151.9, 135.2, 131.3, 129.9,127.9, 127.8, 123.1, 117.8, 117.5, 101.4, 83.7, 57.9, 56.0, 42.9, 37.3,36.9, 36.7, 28.1.

Example 217 Synthesis ofN-1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedures described forthe preparation of Examples 49 and 117.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77 (s), 7.63 (s), 7.08 (d), 6.93 (d), 6.76 (d), 6.71(d), 5.50 (d), 5.22 (s), 4.82 (t), 4.61 (q), 3.83 (s), 3.25 (dt), 3.04(m), 2.90 (s), 2.05 (dd), 1.34 (s).

¹³C NMR(CDCl₃): δ 169.3, 166.8, 154.7, 150.4, 138.4, 132.4, 132.2,130.2, 121.4, 118.3, 105.4, 82.5, 55.2, 53.6, 53.3, 39.5, 38.3, 36.6,36.3, 36.1, 27.6, 23.5.

Example 218 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Examples 49 by substitution of the appropriatestarting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d,2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 6.83 (d, 1H), 5.63 (dd, 1H), 5.07 (t, 1H), 4.58 (m,1H), 3.22-3.00 (m, 3H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.07 (dd, 1H), 1.44(s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 171.3, 169.3, 156.9, 152.0, 135.0, 131.6, 126.5,122.9, 120.2, 119.9, 119.4, 118.7, 118.4, 106.4, 83.6, 56.5, 55.6, 37.1,36.8, 36.6, 28.1,25.2.

Example 219 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example82 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.88 (m, 1H), 8.16 (m, 1H), 7.50 (m,1H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 5.05 (m, 1H), 4.85 (m,1H), 4.60 (d, 1H), 4.46 (d, 1H), 3.89 (s, 1H), 3.93-3.83 (m, 4H), 3.11(m, 2H), 2.69 (m, 4H), 1.29-1.16 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.8, 154.3, 153.5, 150.4, 148.7, 135.8,133.1, 132.9, 130.4, 124.0, 121.8, 73.7, 69.7, 54.7, 53.2, 50.5, 47.1,46.4, 37.6, 29.1, 27.4, 27.0, 23.8, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 220 Synthesis ofN-(3,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(thiamorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 218 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.57-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.35 (d, 1H),7.32-7.22 (m, 1H), 7.09 (d, 2H), 6.91 (d, 2H), 6.64 (d, 1H), 5.50 (d,1H), 4.89 (s, 1H), 4.88-4.79 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.02 (m, 3H), 3.02 (s, 3H),2.93 (s, 3H), 1.75 (dd, 1H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 173.6, 167.7, 155.5, 152.0, 151.8, 150.1, 148.4,132.8, 130.4, 124.6, 121.5, 118.7, 118.5, 117.5, 117.3, 117.1, 106.9,54.9, 53.0, 36.4, 36.2, 36.0, 23.4.

Example 221 Synthesis ofN-(2,5-Dichlorothiophene-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.18 (d, 2H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 6.87 (d,1H), 5.03-4.99 (m, 1H), 4.84-4.81 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 2H), 4.07 (s,1H) 3.10-3.01 (m, 5H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 1.21(s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR(CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.7, 154.9, 150.7, 132.9, 132.8, 131.9,130.3, 128.0, 127.0, 121.8, 73.4, 69.6, 54.8, 53.2, 50.5, 37.5, 36.6,36.3, 29.1, 23.8, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 222 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared using the procedure described in Example82 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.01 (m,3H), 5.03 (m, 1H), 4.83 (m, 1H), 4.54 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 3.95 (s,3H), 3.86 (m 4H), 3.80 (s, 1H), 3.09 (m, 2H), 2.68 (m, 4H), 1.28 (s,3H), 1.22 (m, 6H), (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.4, 168.3, 153.5, 150.4, 139.3, 133.3, 132.9,130.4, 121.7, 117.6, 73.8,.69.7, 54.8, 53.2, 50.5, 47.1, 46.4 39.6,37.6, 29.0, 27.4, 27.1, 24.0, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 223 Synthesis ofN-(8-Quinolinesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.01-8.99 (m, 1H), 8.56-8.53 (m, 1H), 8.27-8.23 (m,1H), 8.07-8.04 (m, 1H), 7.66-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.17 (d,2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.27-5.23 (m, 1H), 5.07-4.98 (m, 1H), 4.84-4.76 (m,1H), 3.34-3.20 (m, 3H), 3.06-2.98 (m, 4H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.09 (m,1H), 1.64-1.51 (m, 3H), 1.23 (d, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 172.0, 170.5, 154.9, 151.5, 150.6, 143.9, 136.8,135.6, 134.9, 134.1, 133.3, 130.2, 129.2, 125.6, 122.3, 121.7, 69.3,62.8, 53.5, 48.7, 37.3, 36.5, 36.3, 29.7, 24.3, 21.6, 21.6.

Example 224 Synthesis ofN-(8-Quinolinesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 223 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 9.03-9.01 (m, 1H), 8.49-8.42 (m, 2H), 8.23-8.20 (m,1H), 8.09-8.07 (m, 1H), 7.73-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.00 (d, 2H),5.30-5.27 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.69 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.21 (m, 3H), 3.09-3.02,(m,4H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 1.86 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.58-1.50 (m, 2H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 175.3, 174.2, 164.7, 156.9, 152.9, 145.2, 138.5,136.9, 135.8, 135.6, 131.6, 130.9, 126.9, 123.8, 122.9, 63.9, 54.7,50.0, 37.5, 36.8, 36.7, 31.6, 25.5.

Example 225 Synthesis ofN-(8-Quinolinesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsoproplyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 by substitution of the appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 9.05-9.03 (m, 1H), 8.53-8.49 (m, 1H), 8.26-8.22 (m,1H), 8.08-8.05 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.19 (d,2H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 7.00 (d, 2H), 5.17 (d, 1H), 4.94 (m, 1H), 7.74-4.78(m, 2H), 4.66 (s, 1H), 3.08-2.99 (m, 8H), 1.20-1.16 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.2, 168.9, 154.9, 151.5, 150.6, 144.2, 136.7,134.4, 134.4, 133.1, 130.3, 129.2, 125.5, 122.3, 121.7, 73.2, 69.3,54.8, 53.3, 50.6, 37.6, 36.6, 36.3, 29.2, 24.1, 21.5, 21.4.

Example 226 Synthesis ofN-(8-Quinolinesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiapropyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 225 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 9.06-9.04 (m, 1H), 8.45-8.39 (m, 2H), 8.23-8.14 (m,1H), 7.72-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 5.12 (d, 1H), 4.87(d, 1H), 4.69-4.64 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.02 (m, 5H), 2.98 (s, 2H), 1.18 (s,3H), 1.08 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.1, 171.8, 157.1, 152.9, 152.0, 145.5, 138.4,137.3, 135.8, 135.6, 135.1, 131.8, 130.9, 126.8, 123.8, 122.9, 73.7,55.9, 54.8, 51.7, 37.6, 36.8, 36.7, 30.2, 25.0.

Example 227 Synthesis ofN-(3-Sulfonamido-4-chloro-benzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.45 (d, 1H), 7.91 (d, 1H), 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.13 (d,2H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.90 (brs, 2H), 5.06-5.02 (m, 1H),4.79-4.72,(m, 1H), 4.14-4.10 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.39 (m, 1H), 3.25-3.14 (m,2H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 3.04-2.97 (m, 1H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 1.98-1.96 (m, 1H),1.72-1.62 (m, 3H), 1.28-1.25 (m, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.8, 170.7, 155.1, 150.6, 141.4, 136.9, 136.1,132.9, 132.8, 131.9, 130.3, 128.7, 121.9, 69.8, 62.1, 53.3, 49.6, 36.9,36.6, 36.4, 30.4, 24.3, 21.6, 21.6.

Example 228 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(1-oxothiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 182 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.77 (d, 2H), 7.72 (d, 2H), 7.33 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m,2H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 7.01 (m, 2H), 5.10 (m, 1H), 5.01 (m, 1H), 4.84 (m,1H), 4.75 (m, 1H), 3.80 (m, 3H), 3.05 (m, 4H), 2.96 (m, 3H), 2.74 (m,1H), 2.42 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.20 (m, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.6, 170.4, 166.8, 166.7, 154.9, 150.7, 150.6,145.1, 144.8, 135.8, 135.5, 132.7, 130.6, 130.4, 130.3, 130.0, 127.7,127.1, 122.4, 121.8, 69.8, 69.4, 55.8, 53.7, 52.9, 50.8, 48.2, 47.9,42.0, 41.2, 38.4, 36.6, 36.5, 36.3, 31.2, 21.5, 21.5.

Example 229 Synthesis ofN-(2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(1-oxothiomorpholin-3-carbonyl)-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 182 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.91 (m, 1H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 6.97 (m, 4H), 4.71 (m,1H), 4.55 (m, 1H), 3.90 (m, 2H), 3.77 (m, 1H), 3.11 (m, 4H), 2.85 (m,3H), 2.80 (m, 1H), 2.60 (m, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 1.39 (s, 9H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.0, 168.0, 167.9, 166.4, 166.2, 164.6, 164.4,162.7, 161.4, 161.2, 157.9, 157.8, 154.8, 150.6, 150.4, 132.8, 132.5,132.4, 130.9, 130.4, 130.1, 123.3, 123.1, 122.2, 121.6, 121.1, 122.6,122.2, 111.9, 106.6, 106.3, 105.9, 82.8, 82.3, 55.8, 54.1, 53.2, 51.6,49.2, 48.7, 43.1, 42.3, 38.7, 36.5, 36.2, 31.8, 27.7.

Example 230 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-Dimethylpropyl Ester

The product from Example 161 (1 g., 0.72 mmol) was dissolved inneopentyl alcohol (5 mL). Titanium (IV) isopropoxide (260 mg., 0.9 mmol)was added and the mixture heated at 100° C. under an inert atmospherefor 48 h. Excess neopentyl alcohol was removed under reduced pressureand the residue purified by flash column chromatography (silica, 1% MeOHin CHCl₃) to give the title compound as a white solid (1.02 g, 97%).

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+) ESI [M+H]⁺ 610; [M+NH_(4]) ⁺ 627 (100%).

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₉H₃₉N₅O₇S: C, 53.18; H, 6.45; N, 11.49. Found: C,53.46; H, 6.38; N, 11.06.

Example 231 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-Dimethylpropyl Ester

The product from Example 173 was subjected to the transesterificationprocedure described for the preparation of Example 230. The compound waspurified by flash column chromatography (silica, 1% MeOH in CHCl₃)followed by recrystallization from ethyl acetate to give the titlecompound as a white solid (720 mg, 47%,).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₈H₃₈N₄O₇S₂: C, 55.43; H, 6.31; N, 9.23. Found: C,55.37; H, 6.32; N, 9.22.

Example 232 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineCyclopropylmethyl Ester

The product from Example 161 was subjected to the transesterificationprocedure described for the preparation of Example 230. The titlecompound was obtained as a white solid following flash columnchromatography (silica, 1% MeOH in CHCl₃) (860 mg, 70%).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₆H₃₅N₅O₇S₂: C, 52.6; H, 5.94; N, 11.8. Found: C,52.49; H, 5.93; N, 11.62.

Example 233 Synthesis ofN-(-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineMethyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 161 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+) ESI [M+H]⁺ 554; [M+NH₄]⁺ 571 (100%).

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₃H₃₁N₅O₇S₂.0.2 EtOAc: C, 50.04; H, 5.75; N, 12.26.Found: C, 50.12; H, 5.69; N, 12.19.

Example 234 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiapropyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineEthyl Ester

The product from Example 173 was subjected to the transesterificationprocedure described for the preparation of Example 230. The compound waspurified by flash column chromatography (silica, 2% MeOH in CHCl₃),followed by recrystallization from ethyl acetate to give the titlecompound as a white solid (1.2 g, 61%).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₅H₃₂N₄O₇S₂: C, 53.18; H, 5.71; N, 9.92. Found: C,53.14; H, 5.72; N, 9.57.

Example 235 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineCyclopropylmethyl Ester

The product from Example 173 was subjected to the transesterificationprocedure described for the preparation of Example 230. The compound wasisolated as a white solid following flash column chromatography (silica,2% MeOH in CHCl₃) and recrystallization from EtOAc/hexanes (1 g, 65%).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₇H₃₄N₄O₄S₂: C, 54.9; H, 5.8; N, 9.48. Found: C, 54.77; H, 5.65; N, 9.46.

Example 236 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole(sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-Methoxyphenyl Ester

To a solution of the compound from Example 139 (1.79 g, 3.31 mmol),2-methoxy-phenol (0.45 g, 3.64 mmol) and BOP (1.61 g, 3.64 mmol) inmethylene chloride (25 mL) at 0° C. was added triethylamine (0.7 mL,4.97 mmol). The reaction mixture was then slowly warmed to 25° C. whereit was stirred, under nitrogen, for 24 h. The reaction was quenched byaddition of 100 mL saturated brine and extracted with EtOAc. The organicextract was washed sequentially with 2N HCl (3 times), saturated sodiumbicarbonate (3×) and saturated brine (2×), dried over MgSO₄, andevaporated to 2.1 g of crude product. Flash chromatography (eluant: 96-4methylene chloride:EtOAc) afforded 1.85 g of a white solid which upontrituration with hexane gave 1.68 g (79%) of white crystals, mp 72-75°C.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For C₂₉H₃₅N₅O₈S₂: C, 59.94; H, 5.46; N, 10.85. Found: C,53.45; H, 5.62; N, 10.31.

Example 237 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-Butyl Ester

A solution of the compound of Example 139 (2 g) in n-butanol (50 mL) wassaturated upon ice-cooling with HCl gas. The mixture was stirred atambient temperature for 36 h, evaporated in vacuo to almost dryness,then partitioned between 5% NaHCO₃ and chloroform. The organic layer wasdried and evaporated in vacuo to furnish 900 mg of the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 596.

Example 238 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninen-Propyl Ester

A solution ofN-(1-methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine(2 g) in n-propanol (50 mL) was saturated upon ice-cooling with HCl gas.The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 36 hours, evaporatedin vacuo to almost dryness, then partioned between 5% NaHCO₃ andchloroform. The organic layer was dried and evaporated in vacuo toprovide 1500 mg of the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 582.

Example 239 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2,2-Dimethylpropionyloxymethyl Ester

Potassium iodide (324 mg) was added at once to a mixture of the compoundof Example 139 (1.08 g), chloromethylpivalate (294 mg) and powderedK₂CO₃ (222 mg) in DMF (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred atambient temperature overnight, partitioned between water (12 mL) andethyl acetate (60 mL). The separated organic layer was washed with icecold 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate, water and brine, then dried over MgSO₄,filtered and evaporated in vacuo to yield 750 mg of the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 654.

Example 240 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 4 by substitution of the appropriate starting materials. A whitesolid was obtained, mp. 60-65° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI) 694.3 [M+NH₄]⁺.

Anal. Calcd for C₃₆H₄₄N₄O₇S.0.5C₄H₈O₂: C, 63.31; H, 6.71; N, 7.77.Found: C, 63.12; H, 6.58; N, 7.69.

Example 241 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4′-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The carbamate was prepared by treatment of Tos-Pro-Tyr-t-butyl esterwith 4-nitrophenylchloroformate, followed by addition ofethylisonipecotate (triethylamine, methylene chloride, chilled to 0° C.,then stirred at room temperature overnight). The crude product waspurified by flash chromatography (silica, 95:5 EtoAc:Et₃N) to afford awhite solid. (0.78 g, 39%).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.15 (d, 1H, J=7.68 Hz); 7.70 (d, 2H,J=8.34 Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.22 (d, 2H, J=8.56 Hz); 7.00 (d,2H, J=8.56 Hz); 4.37 (m, 1H), 4.07 (q, 2H, J=7.14, 14.08 Hz); 4.03 (m,2H); 3.90 (m, 1H); 3.34 (m, 1H); 3.09 (m, 2H); 3.00 (m, 3H); 2.59 (m,1H); 2.39 (s, 3H); 1.87 (m, 2H); 1.58 (m, 5H); 1.41 (m, 1H); 1.35 (s,9H); 1.18 (t, 3H, 7.14 Hz)

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹): 3410, 2990, 2950, 1725, 1680, 1510, 1430, 1355, 1220,1200, 1170, 1000, 675, 595.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 689 (100[M+NH₄]⁺); 691 (37[M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calc'd for C₃₄H₄₅N₃O₉S: C, 60.79; H, 6.75; N, 6.25. Found: C,60.59; H, 6.67; N, 6.22.

Example 242 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-(4′-(2′-aminoethyl)morpholino)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 152 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 12.75 (s, 1H); 8.08 (d, 1H); 7.68 (d, 2H);7.60 (t, 1H); 7.39 (d, 2H); 7.21 (d, 2H); 6.97 (d, 2H); 4.46 (m, 1H);4.08 (m, 1H); 3.56 (m, 4H); 3.26 (m, 3H); 3.09 (m, 2H); 2.94 (m, 1H);2.49 (s, 6H); 2.48 (s, 3H); 1.5 (m, 3H); 1.38 (m, 1H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 2975, 1725, 1650, 1500, 1350, 1150, 650, 575, 550.

MS ((−)ESI, m/z (%)) 587 (100[M−H]⁺).

Anal. Calc'd for C₂₈H₃₆N₄O₈S.HCOOH.0.5H₂O: C, 54.11; H, 6.11; N, 8.70.Found: C, 53.96; H, 6.02; N, 8.68.

Example 243 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[4-(carboxy)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 241 usingthe procedures described in Methods 6 and 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 12.50 (bs, 2H); 8.08 (d, 1H, J=7.90 Hz);7.69 (d, 2H, J=8.34 Hz); 7.39 (d, 2H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.22 (D, 2H, J=8.56Hz); 6.99 (d, 2H, J=8.56 Hz); 4.46 (m, 1H); 4.09 (m, 1H); 4.00 (m, 1H);3.90 (m, 1H); 3.30 (m, 1H); 3.09 (m, 3H); 2.95 (m, 2H); 2.49 (m, 1H);2.38 (s, 3H); 1.86 (m, 2H); 1.36-1.61 (m, 6H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 2960, 1720, 1535, 1430, 1350, 1200, 1160, 670, 590,550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 605 (100[M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calc'd for C₂₈H₃₃N₃O₉S H₂O: C, 55.53; H, 5.65; N, 6.94. Found: C,55.23; H, 5.82; N, 6.59.

Example 244 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The carbamate was prepared by treatment of Tos-Pro-Tyr-iPr ester with4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, followed by addition of diethanol amine(triethylamine, methylene chloride, chilled to 0° C., stirred at roomtemperature overnight). The crude product was purified by flashchromatography (silica, 98:2 EtOAc:EtOH) to afford a white foam. (0.180g, 28%).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.26 (d, 1H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.69 (d, 2H,J=8.12 Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=8.12 Hz); 7.23 (D, 2H, J=8.56 Hz); 6.99 (d,2H, J=8.56 Hz); 4.87 (m, 1H); 4.83 (t, 1H, J=5.49 Hz); 4.76 (t, 1H,J=5.49 Hz); 4.42 (m, 1H); 4.08 (m, 1H); 3.58 (m, 2H); 3.51 (m, 2H); 3.44(m, 2H); 3.34 (m, 3H); 2.99-3.09 (m, 3H); 2.39 (s, 3H); 1.59 (m, 3H);1.41 (m, 1H); 1.16 (d, 3H, J=6.15 Hz); 1.12 (d, 3H, J=6.15 Hz).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3420, 2940, 1725, 1535, 1670, 1520, 1460, 1410, 1350,1220, 1160, 1110, 670, 600, 550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 606 (15[M+H]⁺); 623 (100[M+NH₂]⁺).

Anal. Calc'd for C₂₉H₃₉N₃O₉S H₂O: C, 56.66; H, 6.56; N, 6.84. Found: C,56.66; H, 6.41; N, 6.72.

Example 245 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The carbamate was prepared by treatment of Tos-Pro-Tyr-iPr ester with4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, followed by addition of 3-piperidinemethanol (triethylamine, methylene chloride, chilled to 0° C., stirredat room temperature overnight). The crude product was purified by flashchromatography (silica, 3:2 EtOAc:Hex) to afford a white foam (0.519 g,67%).

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO₄, 400 MHz): δ 8.26 (d, 1H, J=7.90 Hz); 7.69 (d, 2H, J=8.12Hz); 7.40 (d, 2H, J=8.12 Hz); 7.22 (d, 2H, J=8.56 Hz); 6.98 (d, 2H,J=8.34 Hz); 4.85 (M, 1H); 4.57 (bs, 1H); 4.42 (m, 1H); 3.99-4.09 (m,3H); 3.85 (m, 1H); 3.31 (m, 1H); 3.22 (m, 1H); 2.91-3.10 (m, 4H); 2.80(m, 1H); 2.55 (m, 1H); 2.39 (s, 3H); 1.51-1.72 (m, 6H); 1.42 (m, 2H);1.16 (d, 3H, J=6.15 Hz); 1.11 (d, 3H), J=6.15 Hz).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 2990, 2940, 2880, 1725, 1520, 1430, 1350, 1220,1165, 1100, 660, 600, 550.

MS ((−)ESI, m/z (%)) 614 (30[M−H]).

Anal. Calc'd for C₃₁H₄₁N₃O₈S: C, 60.47; H, 6.71; N, 6.82. Found: C,59.83; H, 6.61; N, 6.59.

Example 246 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-trifluoromethanesulfonylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined forExample 128 and substitution of appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI):733 [M+H]⁺.

Anal. Calc'd for C₃₁H₃₉F₃N₄O₉S₂.0.10 C4H8O2: C,50.20; H, 5.40; N, 7.55.Found: C, 50.25; H, 5.46; N, 7.07.

Example 247 Synthesis ofN-(4-(N-Phenylurea)benzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

A mixture of Example 107 (250 mg, 0.51 mmol), phenyl isocyanate (62 mg,0.56 mmol) and triethylamine (76 μL, 0.56 mmol) was heated to refluxunder argon. Reflux was continued overnight. Solvent was removed underreduced pressure and the residue purified by flash chromatography.(silica, hexanes: EtOAc 1:1 then EtOAc) to give the title compound as anoff-white foam (160 mg, 46%), mp 112-115° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS (+ESI) [M+NH₄]⁺ 697 (100%).

Example 248 Synthesis ofN-(2-Trifluoroacetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-7-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.70-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.21 (m,1H), 7.14-7.10 (m, 2H), 7.01 (d, 2H), 5.09-4.95 (m, 1H), 4.89-4.75 (m,2H), 4.14-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.20 (m, 2H), 3.13-2.97(m, 9H), 2.05-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.63 (1.50 (m, 3H), 1.20 (d, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.7, 170.6, 170.5, 156.3, 155.8, 154.9, 150.6,140.1, 139.2, 135.1, 135.1, 13.2, 133.0, 133.0, 132.9, 130.2, 130.1,129.9, 126.9, 126.4, 126.3, 125.8, 121.7, 118.3, 114.5, 69.6, 62.1,62.0, 53.2, 49.6, 46.6, 46.5, 45.1, 42.7, 40.9, 37.1, 36.6, 36.3, 30.1,30.0, 29.2, 27.8, 24.2, 24.2, 21.6, 21.6.

Example 249 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

Substituting N-methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl chloride (See European PatentApplication, 095925) and following the method for the preparation ofExample 56, gave the title compound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.45 (d, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.09 (d, 1H), 7.01 (d,2H), 6.71 (d, 1H), 5.03-4.98 (m, 1H), 4.87-4.84 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.59 (m,2H), 4.05 (s, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.12-3.01 (m, 5H), 2.98 (s, 3H),1.22-1.15 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 168.3, 154.9, 150.7, 146.7, 133.0, 131.9,130.3, 121.7, 108.9, 73.5, 69.5, 54.7, 53.3, 50.7, 39.9, 37.7, 36.6,36.3, 28.8, 24.1, 21.5, 21.5.

Example 250 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methylpyrazole-3-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 249 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.25 (d, 1H), 7.76 (d, 1H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 7.01 (d,2H), 6.70 (d, 1H), 4.74-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.68 (d, 1H), 4.56 (d, 1H), 4.12(s, 1H), 3.97 (s; 3H), 3.24-3.07 (m, 5H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.14 (s, 3H),1.13 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.1, 171.4, 157.0, 151.9, 148.2, 135.7, 134.2,131.8, 122.9, 109.6, 74.4, 55.6, 55.0, 51.5, 40.0, 37.6, 36.8, 36.7,29.6, 24.8.

Example 251 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure outlined for thepreparation of Example 56, where 4-pyridinesulfonyl chloride N-oxide wasused in place of 3-pyridinesulfonyl chloride (see Marsais and coworkers,J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 1133-1136). Deoxygenation of the N-oxide wasaccomplished using the procedure of Aoyagi and coworkers, Synthesis1997, 891.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 8.89-8.87 (m, 2H), 7.72-7.70 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, 2H),7.01 (d, 2H), 6.79 (d, 1H), 5.05-5.01 (m, 1H), 4.85-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.58(d, 1H), 4.45 (d, 1H), 3.91 (s, 1H), 3.11-3.02 (m, 5H), 2.99 (s, 3H),1.28-1.16 (m, 12H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.3, 167.7, 154.9, 151.5, 150.7, 144.2, 132.7,130.3, 121.8, 120.9, 73.6, 69.7, 54.6, 53.1, 50.4, 37.5, 36.6, 36.3,29.1, 23.6, 21.6, 21.5.

Example 252 Synthesis ofN-(Pyridine-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 251 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CD₃OD): δ 8.78 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 1H), 7.69 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d,2H), 7.06 (d, 2H), 4.69-4.61 (m, 3H), 4.16 (s, 1H), 3.25-3.19 (m, 1H),3.13-3.05 (m, 4H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 1.25 (s, 6H).

¹³C NMR (CD₃OD): δ 174.1, 170.5, 157.0, 152.2, 152.0, 147.2, 135.8,131.8, 123.1, 122.7, 73.9, 55.6, 54.9, 54.4, 37.5, 36.8, 36.7, 30.1,24.8.

Example 253 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

A solution of the starting acid (500 mg),(2S)-2-amino-3-{4-[(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-methylcarbamoyloxy]phenyl}propionicacid tert-butyl ester (730 mg), HOBt (235 mg), and 4-methylmorpholine(0.87 mL) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred in ice bath at 0° C.1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (360 mg)was added to the solution. The ice bath was removed after 10 minutes.The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Ethyl acetate(20 mg) was added. The solution was washed with saturated NaHCO₃solution (30 mL) 2 times, then washed with brine. The solution was driedwith MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the residue flashchromatographed on silica gel to give 385 mg of the title compound.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 663.

Example 254 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 253 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 617.

Example 255 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiapropyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 253 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], M+H]⁺ 607.

Example 256 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N-methyl-N-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 254 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+H]⁺ 561.

Example 257 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp: 64-67° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 699.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₁H₄₀ClFN₄O₇S₂.H₂O: C, 51.90; H, 5.9; N, 7.8. Found:C, 51.53; H, 5.50; N, 7.62.

Example 259 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethycarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared for the product of Example 258 using theprocedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+1]603.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₄H₂₇FN₃O₇S₂: C, 49.02; H, 4.63; N, 7.15. Found: C,49.25; H, 4.89; N, 6.73.

Example 260 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 82 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp.111-114° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: +ESI [M+NH4]+ 719.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₀H₃₇ClFN₃O₇S: C, 50.02; H, 5.46; N, 5.8. Found: C,50.23; H, 5.10; N, 5.50.

Example 261 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 82 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 77-81° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+NH₄]+ 705.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₉H₃₅ClFN₃O₇S₃: C, 50.61; H, 5.13; N, 6.1. Found: C,50.33; H, 5.07; N, 5.94.

Example 262 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 65-69° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+NH₄]+ 647.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₇H₃₃ClFN₃O₇S₂: C, 51.46; H, 5.28; N, 6.4. Found: C,51.29; H, 5.19; N, 6.50.

Example 263 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 68-72° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 626.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₈H₃₆ClN₃O₇S₂: C, 53.77; H, 5.80; N, 6.71. Found: C,53.26; H, 5.8; N, 6.63.

Example 264 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 685.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₀H₃₈ClN₄O₇: C, 52.59; H, 5.59; N, 8.18. Found: C,52.09; H, 5.48; N, 7.77.

Example 265 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 580.

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₇H₃₄ClN₃O₇S.0.5 H₂O: C, 55.04; H, 6.00; N, 7.13.Found: C, 55.06; H, 5.71; N, 6.93.

Example 266 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2′-pyridyl)-piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 748

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₄H₃₉ClFN₅O₇S₂: C, 54.57; H, 5.25; N, 9.3. Found: C,54.26; H, 5.10; N, 9.07.

Example 267 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-3-chloro-4-(4-(2′-pyridyl)-piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)]phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 80-86° C.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [M+H]⁺ 762.

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₅H₄₁ClFN₅O₇S₂: C, 55.14; H, 5.42; N, 9.19. Found: C,54.67; H, 5.40; N, 8.69.

Example 268 Synthesis ofN-(4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₆H₃₂N₄O₉S: C, 54.16; H, 5.59; N, 9.72. Found: C,53.69; H, 5.24; N, 9.52.

Example 269 Synthesis ofN-(4-Aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 268 usingthe procedure described in Method 4.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₆H₃₄N₄O₇S: C, 57.13; H, 6.27; N, 10.25. Found: C,56.30; H, 6.12; N, 10.05.

Example 270 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 82 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₉H₃₇N₃O₇S₂: C, 57.69; H, 6.18; N, 6.96. Found: C,57.36; H, 5.99; N, 6.76.

Example 271 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylcarbamylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.62 (s, 1H); 8.11 (d, 1H); 7.73 (d, 2H);7.45 (m, 4H); 7.26 (m, 3H); 7.04 (m, 2H); 6.95 (m, 1H); 6.25 (d, 1H);4.90 (m, 1H); 4.50 (m, 1H); 4.11 (m, 1H); 3.6 (br, 4H); 3.4 (br, 4H);3.10 (m, 2H); 3.00 (m, 1H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.60 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H);1.18 (d, 3H); 1.12 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400-3500(br), 2950, 2900, 1725, 1650, 1540, 1450, 1240,1210, 1000, 760, 675, 580, 540.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 706 (100 [M+H]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₆H₄₃N₅O₈S.0.35 EtOAc: C, 60.98; H, 6.27; N, 9.51.Found: C, 50.31; H, 6.16; N, 9.33.

Example 272 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(4-phenylcarbamylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 271 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 12.8 (s, 1H); 8.62 (s, 1H); 8.11 (d, 1H);7.73 (d, 2H), 7.45 (m, 4H); 7.26 (m, 3H); 7.04 (m, 2H); 6.95 (m, 1H);6.25 (d, 1H); 4.50 (m, 1H); 4.11 (m, 1H); 3.6 (br, 4H); 3.4 (br, 4H);3.10 (m, 2H); 3.00 (m, 1H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.60 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 1725, 1650, 1540, 1450, 1240, 1210, 1000, 760, 675,580, 540.

MS ((−)ESI, m/z (%)) 662 (100 [M−H]⁺).

Example 273 Synthesis ofN-(1-n-Butylpyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-(5,5-dimethyl)thiaprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 137 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 7.06 (d,1H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.04 (sept, 1H), 4.89-4.82 (m, 1H), 4.57 (d, 1H),4.41 (d, 1H), 4.16 (t, 2H), 3.78 (s, 1H), 3.14 (dd, 1H), 3.06 (dd, 1H),3.09 (s, 3H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 1.85 (pent, 2H), 1.36-1.23 (m, 2H), 1.27 (s,3H), 1.24 (d, 3H), 1.21 (d, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ 170.4, 168.3, 154.9, 150.7, 139.2, 131.8, 130.3,121.8, 117.0, 73.8, 69.6, 54.8, 53.2, 52.7, 50.6, 37.7, 36.6, 36.3,31.8, 28.9, 24.0, 21.6, 21.5, 19.4, 13.3.

Example 274 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(pyridin-4-ylcarbonyl)piperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.69 (dd, 2H), 8.28 (d, 1H); 7.71 (d, 2H);7.43 (m, 4H); 7.26 (d, 2H); 7.04 (d, 2H); 4.86 (m, 1H); 4.42 (m, 1H);4.05 (m, 1H); 3.4-3.8 (brm, 9H); 3.05 (m, 3H); 2.40 (s, 3H); 1.60 (m,3H); 1.40 (m, 1H); 1.18 (d, 3H); 1.15 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr, cm^(−l)) 3400, 1725, 1650, 1510, 1200, 1160, 1100, 1010, 650,600, 550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 692 (100 [M+H]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₅H₄₁N₅O₉S.0.75H₂O: C, 59.60; H, 6.07; N, 9.93 Found:C, 59.45; H, 5.86; N, 9.88.

Example 275 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 164 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS [(−)ESI] [M−H]) 516.

Example 276 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-trans-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 165 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

MS [(−)ESI] [M−H]) 518.

Example 277 Synthesis ofN-(4-Cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 166-167° C.

Example 278 Synthesis ofN-(4-Aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 107 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. For CH₂₃H₂₈N₄O₇S: C, 47.34; H, 4.84;N, 9.60. Found: C,47.57; H, 5.20; N, 8.75.

Example 279 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-oxoprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

Acetonitrile (3 mL) was cooled to −40° C. (CH₃CN/dry ice). Oxalylchloride (0.10 mL) was added.N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (300 mg) and dry DMSO (0.008 mL) were dissolved inacetonitrile (4 mL) and were added to the above solution. The reactionwas stirred at −40° C. for half an hour under dry conditions.Triethylamine (0.33 mL) was added to the solution. The dry ice bath wasremoved after 5 minutes. The reaction was stirred at room temperaturefor 1 hour. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and ethyl acetate (15mL) was added. The mixture was washed with water (3×), then washed withbrine. The solution was dried over MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated invacuo, and the residue was flushed on a silica gel column to give 150 mgof the title compound, mp. 84-85° C.

Example 280 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[3-hydroxymethyl)piperidin-1-ylcarbonyloxy]phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 84-85° C.

Example 281 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4,4-difluoro)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 2 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+NH₄]⁺ 599.

Example 282 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4,4-difluoro)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 281 usingthe procedure described in Method 7.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+NH₄] 557.

Example 283 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.27 (d, 1H); 7.69 (d, 2H); 7.45 (m, 7H);7.24 9d, 2H); 7.02 (d, 2H); 4.86 (m, 1H); 4.42 (m, 1H); 4.07 (m, 1H);3.65 (br s, 4H); 3.45 (br s, 4H); 3.35 (m, 1H); 3.05 (m, 3H); 2.38 (s,3H); 1.60 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H); 1.18 (d, 3H); 1.11 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 1725, 1675, 1625, 1510, 1425, 1350, 1250, 1175,1110, 1010, 700, 660, 590, 550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 708 (100 [M+NH₂]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₆H₄₂N₄O₈S.0.5H₂O: C, 61.79; H, 6.19; N. 8.01. Found:C, 61.64; H, 6.10; N, 7.72.

Example 284 Synthesis ofN-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The carbamate was prepared by treatment of1-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl-Pro-Try-iPr ester with 4-nitrophenylchloroformate, followed by addition of dimethylamine (triethylamine,methylene chloride, 0° C., stirred at room temperature overnight.) Thecrude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica, 95:3:2EtOAc:EtOH;Et₃N), followed by recrystallization from EtOAc. A whitesolid was obtained, mp 162-164° C. (8.7 g, 66%).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₂₄H₃₃N5O₇S: C, 53.82; H, 6.21; N, 13.08. Found: C,53.47; H, 6.13; N, 12.96.

Example 286 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 285 usingthe procedure described in Method 11, mp. 116-118° C.

Example 287 Synthesis ofN-(4-Cyanobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 70-71° C.

Example 288 Synthesis ofN-(4-Amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineMethyl Ester

Menthol (dry) was cooled to 0° C. HCl was bubbled in the solution for 15minutes to make a saturated solution. Example 277 was added and thereaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes then at roomtemperature for 24 hours. The solvent was evaporated. NH₃ in methanol(2M, 5 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for24 hours. The solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified byreverse phase HPLC in CH₃CN:H₂O (20:80). At a retention time of 12.45minutes, the product was isolated and freeze-dried to provide the titlecompound.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (in DMSO) multiplet at 1.47-1.55 ppm (1H), 1.63-1.72 ppm (3H's),singlet at 2.87 ppm (3H's), singlet at 3.02 ppm (3H's), multiplet at3.05-3.10 ppm (2H's), multiplet at 3.17-3.22 ppm (1H), multiplet at3.37-3.42 ppm (1H), singlet at 3.62 ppm (3H's), multiplet at 4.21-4.23ppm (1H), quartet at 4.48-4.56 ppm (1H), doublet at 7.00-7.03 ppm(2H's), doublet at 7.23-7.26 ppm (2H's), a broad peak at 7.20-7.50 ppm,doublet at 8.02-8.03 ppm (4H's), doublet at 8.48-8.52 ppm (1H).

Example 289 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials, mp. 80-82° C.

Example 290 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

N-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-4-hydroxyprolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (160 mg) was dissolved in formic acid (7 mL). Thereaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The solvent wasevaporated and the residue purified using reverse phase HPLC in 20:80CH₃CN/water. At a retention time of 5.85 minutes, 50 mg of the titlecompound was obtained, mp. 170-172° C.

Example 291 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 283 usingthe procedure described in Method 11.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 12.8 (s, 1H); 8.27 (d, 1H); 7.69 (d, 2H);7.45 (m, 7H); 7.24 (d, 2H); 7.02 (d, 2H); 4.42 (m, 1H); 4.07 (m, 1H);3.65 (br s, 4H); 3.45 (br s, 4H); 3.35 (m, 1H); 3.05 (m, 3H); 2.38 (s,3H); 1.60 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 1725, 1675, 1625, 1510, 1425, 1350, 1260, 1175,1110, 1010, 700, 660, 590, 550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 666 (100 [M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₃H₃₆N₄O₈S.0.66H₂O: C, 60.00; H, 5.69; N, 8.48 Found:C, 60.36; H, 5.70; N, 7.81.

Example 292 Synthesis ofN-(4-Amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineMethyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Examples 287 and 288.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI] [M+H] 604.

Example 293 Synthesis ofN-(3-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbanyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 166 usingthe procedure described in Method 11, mp. 82-83° C.

Example 294 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[N-methyl-N-(2-(N′-methyl-N′-toluenesulfonyl-amino)ethyl)carbamyloxy]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.27 (d, 1H); 7.71 (d, 2H); 7.69 (d, 2H);7.40 (m, 4H); 7.24 (d, 2H); 6.99 (d, 2H); 4.86 (m, 1H ); 4.43 (m, 1H);4.06 (m, 1H); 3.51 (m, 1H); 3.2-3.35 (m, 3H); 2.9-3.2 (overlapping m,7H); 2.67 (d, 3H); 2.38 (s, 6H); 1.60 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H); 1.20 (d,3H); 1.15 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3400, 2975, 2950, 1725, 1680, 1510, 1450, 1400, 1280,1225, 1150, 1110, 800, 730, 675, 575, 550.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%)) 760 (100 [M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₆H₄₆N₄O₉S₂: C, 58.20; H, 6.24; N, 7.54. Found: C,57.90; H, 6.30; N, 7.34.

Example 295 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-[N-(2-(N′-phenylaminocarbonyloxy)ethyl)carbamyloxy)]phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described forthe preparation of Example 4 and substitution of appropriate startingmaterials.

NMR data was as follows:

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 9.67 (s, 1H); 8.27 (d, 1H); 7.72 (d, 2H);7.47 (d, 2H); 7.42 (d, 2H); 7.24 (m, 4H); 6.98 (m, 3H); 4.87 (m, 1h);4.45 (m, 1H); 4.18 (m, 2H); 4.05 (m, 1H); 3.4 (m, 3H); 3.05 (m, 3H) 2.40(s, 3H); 1.6 (m, 3H); 1.40 (m, 1H); 1.2 (d, 3H); 1.15 (d, 3H).

IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3350, 2950, 1725, 1675, 1600, 1550, 1500, 1325, 1200,1150, 1100, 650, 575, 525.

MS ((+)ESI, m/z (%) 698 (100 [M+NH₄]⁺).

Anal. Calcd. for C₃₄H₄₀N₄O₉S.0.21 EtOAc. 0.5H₂O: C, 59.08; H, 6.07; N,7.91. Found: C, 59.08; H, 6.02; N, 7.80.

Example 296 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-4-(trans-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineIsopropyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described inExample 2 and substitution of appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+NH₄] 583.

Example 297 Synthesis ofN-(4-Fluorobenzenesulfonyl)-L-4-(trans-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described inExample 2 and substitution of appropriate starting materials.

Physical data was as follows:

MS: [(+)ESI], [M+NH₄] 597.

Example 298 Synthesis ofN-(4-Amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The title compound was prepared from the product of Example 288 usingthe procedure described in Method 5, mp. 130-132° C.

Example 299 Synthesis of Piperazine-1,4dicarboxylic AcidBis-{4-[(2S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-((4R)-5,5-dimethyl-3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}Ester

The title compound was prepared following the procedure described inExample 4, except that 0.5 equivalents of piperazine were used.

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₅₈H₇₄N₆O₁₄S₄: C, 57.69; H, 6.18; N, 6.96. Found: C,58.01; H, 6.07; N, 6.68.

Example 300 Synthesis of Piperazine-1,4-dicarboxylic AcidBis-{4-[(2S)-2-carboxy-2-((4R)-5,5-dimethyl-3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxamido)ethyl]phenyl}Ester

The title compound was prepared by hydrolysis of the di-t-butyl esterfrom Example 299 with formic acid to give a white foam (300 mg,quantitative).

Physical data was as follows:

Anal. Calcd. for C₅₀H₅₈N₆O₁₄S₄: C, 54.83; H, 5.34; N, 7.67 Found: C,55.10; H, 5.57; N, 7.37.

Other compounds prepared by the methods described above include thoseset forth in Examples 301-373 in Tables IIIA and IIIB below.

TABLE IIIA

No. R¹ R² R³ R⁵ R^(6′) 301 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH₂—NH—CH₂— (L-piperizinyl) 302p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(2-hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl-C(O)O-]-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 303p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(2-hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl-C(O)O-]- —OH—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 304 p-CH₃-Φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p[(2-(CH₃OC(O)-)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ 3carbon atoms benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 305 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl-(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 306 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl-(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 307 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 308 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— (L-4-hydroxypyrrolidinyl) 309 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —O(CH₂CH₂O)₂CH₃ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)310 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)O-]benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4-yl) 311 p-F-Φ R²/R³ = cyclic 3-fluoro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]-benzyl-—OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂- (L-5,5- diethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 312p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₂ —CH₂CH₂N—(—SO₂CH₃)—CH₂— (L-4- methanesulfonyl- piperizinyl) 313 R¹/R² = Hp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 1,1-dioxo-2,3- dihydro-3,3- dimethyl-1,2-benzisothiazol- 2-yl- 314 R¹/R² = H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃N-2,10- camphorsultam yl- 315 R¹/R² = H p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OHN-2,10- camphorsultam yl- 316 R¹/R² = H3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]-benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ N-2,10- camphorsultam yl-317 p-Br-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 318 p-Br-Φ- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 319 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH(OH)—CH₂— (L-4-hydroxypyrrolidinyl) 320 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 321 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 322 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S— (thiazolidin-2-yl) 323 p-F-Φ-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) 324 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) 325 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—C(O)—CH₂—(L-4-oxopyrrolidinyl) 326 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S— C(O)O-]benzyl-(thiazolidin-2-yl) 327 P-NO₂-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsC(O)O-]benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 328 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—C(O)O-]benzyl- (thiazolidin-2-yl) 329 p-Br-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)O-]benzyl-(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 330 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(ΦNHC(S)-)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 331 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-CH₃-homopiperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) 332 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl-—OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂CH(—OSO₂CH₃)— CH₂— (L-4-methanesulfoxy- pyrrolidinyl) 333p-H₂NC(O)-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms(L-pyrrolidinyl) 334 p-H₂NC(O)-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-)benzyl- —OH 3 carbon atoms L-pyrrolidinyl)335 p-H₂NC(═N)- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(thiomorpholin-4-yl)C(O)O-)benzyl- —OHΦ- 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 336 p-NO₂-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OH 3 carbon atoms benzyl-(L-pyrrolidinyl) 337 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- —OCH₂CH₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—yl)C(O)O-]- (L-5,5- benzyl- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 338 p-F-Φ- R²/R³= cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—yl)C(O)O-]- (L-5,5- benzyl- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 339 p-F-Φ- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(4-CH₃-homopiperizin-1-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—CH₂—S—(thiazolidin-2-yl) 340 1- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ methylpyrazol-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— 4-yl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 341 1- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂methylimidazol- 3 carbon atoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 342 1-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃methylimidazol- 3 carbon atoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 343p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH 3carbon atoms benzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 344 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 345 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 346 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 347 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbon atomsbenzyl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 348 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂CH₂N(—SO₂— CH₃)CH₂— (4-methanesulfonyl-piperizin-2-yl) 349 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH—CH₂CH(—OSO₂— CH₃)CH₂— (L-4-methanesulfoxy- pyrrolidinyl) 350 CH₃— —CH₂ΦH p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ 351 p-Br-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 352 p-CF₃O-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 353 p-CF₃O-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 354 p-CF₃O-Φ R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃ —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂—benzyl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 355 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH 3 carbon atoms benzyl-(L-pyrrolidinyl) 356 p-F-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂CH(OH)CH₂— benzyl-(L-4- hydroxypyrrolidinyl) 357 p-CF₃O-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl-(L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 358 1- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]benzyl- —OH methylimidazol- 3 carbon atoms4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 359 1- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O)-]benzyl- —OCH(CH₃)₂ methylimidazol- 3 carbonatoms 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 360 1- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH methylimidazol- 3 carbonatoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 361 1- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OH methylimidazol-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- 4-yl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 362 1-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OHmethypyrazol- 3 carbon atoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 363 1- R²/R³= cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OCH(CH₃)₂methylpyrazol- 3 carbon atoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 364 1-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃methylpyrazol- 3 carbon atoms benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 365 1-R²/R³ = cyclic p-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)C(O)O-] —OC(CH₃)₃methylpyrazol- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— benzyl- 4-yl- (L-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 366 1- R²/R³ = cyclic3-chloro-4-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- —OCH(CH₃)₂ methylimidazol- 3carbon atoms yl)C(O)O]benzyl- 4-yl- (L-pyrrolidinyl) 367 1- R²/R³ =cyclic p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl- —OCH₂CH₂OΦ methylpyrazol-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— 4-yl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 368 1- R²/R³ =cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1- —OH methylpyrazol-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— yl)C(O)O-]- 4-yl- (L-5,5- benzyl- dimethylthiazolidin-4-yl) 369 1- R²/R³ = cyclic 3-chloro-4-[(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-—OCH₂CH₃ methylpyrazol- —CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— yl)C(O)O-]- 4-yl- (L-5,5-benzyl- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl) 370 1,5-dimethyl-3- R²/R³ = cyclicp-[4-[5-CF₃-pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1 yl)- —OH chloropyrazol-—CH₂—S—C(CH₃)₂— C(O)O-]benzyl- 4-yl- (L-5,5- dimethylthiazolidin-4- yl)

TABLE IIIB

No. R¹ R² R³ A R^(6′) 371 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic —OC(O)-(piperazin-1,4diyl)-C(O)O— —OCH(CH₃)₂ 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 372 p-CH₃-Φ-R²/R³ = cyclic —OC(O)-(piperazin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OC(CH₃)₃ 3 carbonatoms (L-pyrrolidinyl) 373 p-CH₃-Φ- R²/R³ = cyclic—OC(O)-(piperazin-1,4-diyl)-C(O)O— —OH 3 carbon atoms (L-pyrrolidinyl)

In addition, Examples 319, 324, 325, 332, 333, 334, 335 and 349 in TableIIIA are exemplified as follows:

Example 319 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The startingN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (300 mg) was dissolved in formic acid (15 mL). Thereaction was stirred at room temperature for 72 hours. The solvent wasevaporated and the residue was purified using HPLC, reverse phase,20-80% CH₃CN/water. At a retention time of 10.75 minutes, 82 mg of thetitle. compound was obtained, mp: 128-130° C.

Example 324 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The startingN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (130 mg) was dissolved in formic acid (7 mL). Thereaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The solvent wasevaporated in vacuo to give 150 mg of the desired product, mp: 111-112°C.

Example 325 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The startingN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-oxo)prolyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (150 mg) was dissolved in formic acid (7 mL). Thereaction was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. The solvent wasevaporated in vacuo, and the residue was purified using HPLC, reversephase, 20-80% CH₃CH/water. The retention time was 10.34 minutes. Theproduct was freeze dried to yield 82 mg of the tide compound, mp:99-101° C.

Example 332 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-methanesulfonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-Butyl Ester

The statingN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-hydroxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (300 mg) and methylsulfonyl chloride was dissolved inTHF (7 mL) at 0° C. in an ice bath. Triethylamine (0.21 mL) was added.The ice bath was removed after 10 minutes. The reaction mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) asadded. The mixture was washed with citric acid (5%, 20 mL, 2×), andwashed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (20 mL), then with brine. Thesolution was dried over MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated, and theresidue was flushed on a silica gel column. The solvent was evaporatedin vacuo to give 300 mg of the desired product, mp: 73-740° C.

Example 333 Synthesis ofN-(4-Aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The staringN-(4-aminobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester (300 mg) and LiOH solution (2M, 0.6 mL) were added tomethanol (6 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 7hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the residue was purifiedusing HPLC, reverse phase, 20-80% CH₃CN/water. At a retention time of12.11 minutes, 27 mg of the desired product were obtained, mp: 130-132°C.

Example 334 Synthesis ofN-(4-Aminocarbonylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The staringN-(4aminocarbonylbenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester (300 mg) and LiOH solution (2M, 0.5 mL) were added tomethanol (6 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 8hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the residue purifiedusing HPLC, reverse phase, 20-80% CH₃CN/water. At a retention time of12.69 minutes, 20 mg of the desired product was obtained, mp: 123-125°C.

Example 335 Synthesis ofN-(4-Amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanine

The startingN-(4-amidinobenzenesulfonyl)-L-prolyl-L-4-(thiomorpholin-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninemethyl ester (300 mg) and LiOH solution (2M, 0.5 mL) were added tomethanol (6 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 8hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo, and the residue was purifiedusing HPLC, reverse phase, 20-80% CH₃CN/water. At a retention time of11.78 minutes, 25 mg of the desired product were obtained, mp: 123-125°C.

Example 349 Synthesis ofN-(Toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-methanesulfonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine

The startingN-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-L-(4-methanesulfonyloxy)prolyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester (200 mg) was dissolved in formic acid (5 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Thesolvent was evaporated in vacuo to provide the desired product (195 mg),mp: 83-84° C.

Example A In vitro Assay for Determining Binding of Candidate Compoundsto VLA-4

An in vitro assay was used to assess binding of candidate compounds toα₄β₁ integrin. Compounds which bind in this assay can be used to assessVCAM-1 levels in biological samples by conventional assays (e.g.,competitive binding assays). This assay is sensitive to IC₅₀ values aslow as about 1 nM.

The activity of α₄β₁ integrin was measured by the interaction of solubleVCAM-1 with Jurkat cells (e.g., American Type Culture Collection Nos.TIB 152, TIB 153, and CRL 8163), a human T-cell line which expresseshigh levels of α₄β₁ integrin. VCAM-1 interacts with the cell surface inan α₄β₁ integrin-dependent fashion (Yednock, et al. J. Bio. Chem., 1995,270:28740).

Recombinant soluble VCAM-1 was expressed as a chimeric fusion proteincontaining the seven extracellular domains of VCAM-1 on the N-terminusand the human IgG₁ heavy chain constant region on the C-terminus. TheVCAM-1 fusion protein was made and purified by the manner described byYednock, supra.

Jurkat cells were grown in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovineserum, penicillin, streptomycin and glutamine as described by Yednock,supra.

Jurkat cells were incubated with 1.5 mM MnCl₂ and 5 μg/mL 15/7 antibodyfor 30 minutes on ice. Mn⁺² activates the receptor to enhance ligandbinding, and 15/7 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes anactivated/ligand occupied conformation of α₄β₁ integrin and locks themolecule into this conformation thereby stabilizing the VCAM-1/α₄β₁integrin interaction. Yednock, et al., supra. Antibodies similar to the15/7 antibody have been prepared by other investigators (Luque, et al,1996, J. Bio. Chem. 271:11067) and may be used in this assay.

Cells were then incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature withcandidate compounds, in various concentrations ranging from 66 μg/mL to0.01 μg/mL using a standard 5-point serial dilution. 15 μL solublerecombinant VCAM-1 fusion protein was then added to Jurkat cells andincubated for 30 minutes on ice. (Yednock et al., supra.).

Cells were then washed two times and resuspended in PE-conjugated goatF(ab′)₂ anti-mouse IgG Fc (Immunotech, Westbrook, Me.) at 1:200 andincubated on ice, in the dark, for 30 minutes. Cells were washed twiceand analyzed with a standard fluorescence activated cell sorter (“FACS”)analysis as described in Yednock, et al., supra.

Compounds having an IC₅₀ of less than about 15 μM possess bindingaffinity to α₄β₁.

When tested in this assay, each of the compounds of Examples 1-373 (orthe corresponding carboxylic acids of the ester compounds, i.e. theprodrugs) has an IC₅₀ of 15 μM or less.

Example B In vitro Saturation Assay for Determining Binding of CandidateCompounds to α₄β₁

The following describes an in vitro assay to determine the plasma levelsneeded for a compound to be active in the Experimental AutoimmuneEncephalomyelitis (“EAE”) model, described in the next example, or inother in vivo models.

Log-growth Jurkat cells are washed and resuspended in normal animalplasma containing 20 μg/ml of the 15/7 antibody (described in the aboveexample).

The Jurkat cells are diluted two-fold into either normal plasma samplescontaining known candidate compound amounts in various concentrationsranging from 66 μg/mL to 0.01 μg/mL, using a standard 12 point serialdilution for a standard curve, or into plasma samples obtained from theperipheral blood of candidate compound-treated animals.

Cells are then incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature, washedtwice with phospate-buffered saline (“PBS”) containing 2% fetal bovineserum and 1 mM each of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride (assaymedium) to remove unbound 15/7 antibody.

The cells are then exposed to phycoerythrin-conjugated goat F(ab′)₂anti-mouse IgG Fc (Immunotech, Westbrook, Me.), which has been adsorbedfor any non-specific cross-reactivity by co-incubation with 5% serumfrom the animal species being studied, at 1:200 and incubated in thedark at 4° C. for 30 minutes.

Cells are washed twice with assay medium and resuspended in the same.They are then analyzed with a standard fluorescence activated cellsorter (“FACS”) analysis as described in Yednock et al. J. Bio. Chem.,1995, 270:28740.

The data is then graphed as fluorescence versus dose, e.g., in a normaldose-response fashion. The dose levels that result in the upper plateauof the curve represent the levels needed to obtain efficacy in an invivo model.

This assay may also be used to determine the plasma levels needed tosaturate the binding sites of other integrins, such as the α₉β₁integrin, which is the integrin most closely related α₄β₁ (Palmer et al,1993, J. Cell Bio., 123:1289). Such binding is predictive of in vivoutility for inflammatory conditions mediated by α₉β₁ integrin, includingby way of example, airway hyper-responsiveness and occlusion that occurswith chronic asthma, smooth muscle cell proliferation inatherosclerosis, vascular occlusion following angioplasty, fibrosis andglomerular scarring as a result of renal disease, aortic stenosis,hypertrophy of synovial membranes in rheumatoid arthritis, andinflammtion and scarring that occur with the progression of ulcerativecolitis and Crohn's disease.

Accordingly, the above-described assay may be performed with a humancolon carcinoma cell line, SW 480 (ATTC #CCL228) transfected with cDNAencoding α₉ integrin (Yokosaki et al., 1994, J. Bio. Chem., 269:26691),in place of the Jurkat cells, to measure the binding of the α₉β₁integrin. As a control, SW 480 cells which express other α and β₁subunits may be used.

Using this assay, the plasma levels necessary to obtain efficacy in invivo models for α₄β₁ and α₉β₁ have been established for compounds offormula I tested in this assay.

Accordingly, another aspect of this invention is directed to a methodfor treating a disease in a mammalian patient, which disease is mediatedby α₉β₁, and which method comprises administering to said patient atherapeutically effective amount of a compound of this invention. Suchcompounds are preferably administered in a pharmaceutical compositiondescribed herein above. Effective daily dosing will depend upon the age,weight, condition of the patient which factors can be readilyascertained by the attending clinician. However, in a preferredembodiment, the compounds are administered from about 20 to 500 μg/kgper day.

Example C In vivo Evaluation

The standard multiple sclerosis model, Experimental Autoimmune (orAllergic) Encephalomyelitis (“EAE”), was used to determine the effect ofcandidate compounds to reduce motor impairment in rats or guinea pigs.Reduction in motor impairment is based on blocking adhesion betweenleukocytes and the endothelium and correlates with anti-inflammatoryactivity in the candidate compound. This model has been previouslydescribed by Keszthelyi et al., Neurology, 1996, 47:1053-1059, andmeasures the delay of onset of disease.

Brains and spinal cords of adult Hartley guinea pigs were homogenized inan equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline. An equal volume ofFreund's complete adjuvant (100 mg mycobacterium tuberculosis plus 10 mlFreund's incomplete adjuvant) was added to the homogenate. The mixturewas emulsified by circulating it repeatedly through a 20 ml syringe witha peristaltic pump for about 20 minutes.

Female Lewis rats (2-3 months old, 170-220 g) or Hartley guinea pigs (20day old, 180-200 g) were anesthetized with isoflurane and threeinjections of the emulsion, 0.1 ml each, were made in each flank. Motorimpairment onset is seen in approximately 9 days.

Candidate compound treatment began on Day 8, just before onset ofsymptoms. Compounds were administered subcutaneously (“SC”), orally(“PO”) or intraperitoneally (“IP”). Doses were given in a range of 10mg/kg to 200 mg/kg, bid, for five days, with typical dosing of 10 to 100mg/kg SC, 10 to 50 mg/kg PO, and 10 to 100 mg/kg IP.

Antibody GG5/3 against α₄β₁ integrin (Keszthelyi et al., Neurology,1996, 47:1053-1059), which delays the onset of symptoms, was used as apositive control and was injected subcutaneously at 3 mg/kg on Day 8 and11.

Body weight and motor impairment were measured daily. Motor impairmentwas rated with the following clinical score:

0 no change

1 tail weakness or paralysis

2 hindlimb weakness

3 hindlimb paralysis

4 moribund or dead

A candidate compound was considered active if it delayed the onset ofsymptoms, e.g., produced clinical scores no greater than 2 or slowedbody weight loss as compared to the control.

When tested in this in vivo assay, the compounds of Examples 4, 9, 11,12, 16, 51, 66, 73, 75, 82, 95, 101, 117, 137 and other Examples wereactive in this assay.

Example D Asthma Model

Inflammatory conditions mediated by α₄β₁ integrin include, for example,airway hyper-responsiveness and occlusion that occurs with chronicasthma. The following describes an asthma model which can be used tostudy the in vivo effects of the compounds of this invention for use intreating asthma.

Following the procedures described by Abraham et al, J. Clin. Invest,93:776-787 (1994) and Abraham et al, Am J. Respir Crit Care Med,156:696-703 (1997), both of which are incorporated by reference in theirentirety, compounds of this invention were formulated into an aerosoland administered to sheep which are hypersensitive to Ascaris suumantigen. Compounds which decrease the early antigen-induced bronchialresponse and/or block the late-phase airway response, e.g., have aprotective effect against antigen-induced late responses and airwayhyper-responsiveness (“AHR”), are considered to be active in this model.

Allergic sheep which are shown to develop both early and late bronchialresponses to inhaled Ascaris suum antigen were used to study the airwayeffects of the candidate compounds. Following topical anesthesia of thenasal passages with 2% lidocaine, a balloon catheter was advancedthrough one nostril into the lower esophagus. The animals were thenintubated with a cuffed endotracheal tube through the other nostril witha flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope as a guide.

Pleural pressure was estimated according to Abraham (1994). Aerosols(see formulation below) were generated using a disposable medicalnebulizer that provides an aerosol with a mass median aerodynamicdiameter of 3.2 μm as determined with an Andersen cascade impactor. Thenebulizer was connected to a dosimeter system consisting of a solenoidvalve and a source of compressed air (20 psi). The output of thenebulizer was directed into a plastic T-piece, one end of which wasconnected to the inspiratory port of a piston respirator. The solenoidvalve was activated for 1 second at the beginning of the inspiratorycycle of the respirator. Aerosols were delivered at V_(T) of 500 mL anda rate of 20 breaths/minute. A 0.5% sodium bicarbonate solution only wasused as a control.

To assess bronchial responsiveness, cumulative concentration-responsecurves to carbachol were generated according to Abraham (1994).Bronchial biopsies were taken prior to and following the initiation oftreatment and 24 hours after antigen challenge. Bronchial biopsies werepreformed according to Abraham (1994).

An in vitro adhesion study of alveolar macrophages were also performedaccording to Abraham (1994), and a percentage of adherent cells wascalculated.

Aerosol Formulation

A solution of the candidate compound in 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/saline(w/v) at a concentration of 30.0 mg/mL was prepared using the followingprocedure:

A. Preparation of 100 mL of 0.5% Sodium Bicarbonate/Saline StockSolution

Ingredient Gram/100.0 mL Final Concentration Sodium Bicarbonate 0.5 g0.5% Saline q.s. ad 100.0 mL q.s. ad 100%

Procedure

1. Add 0.5 g sodium bicarbonate into a 100 mL volumetric flask.

2. Add approximately 90.0 mL saline and sonicate until dissolved.

3. Q.S. to 100.0 mL with saline and mix thoroughly.

B. Preparation of 10.0 mL of 30.0 mg/ml Candidate Compound

Ingredient Gram/10.0 mL Final Concentration Candidate Compound 0.300 g30.0 mg/mL 0.5% Sodium Bicarbonate/ q.s. ad 10.0 mL q.s ad 100% SalineStock Solution

Procedure

1. Add 0.300 g of the candidate compound into a 10.0 mL volumetricflask.

2. Add approximately 9.7 mL of 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/saline stocksolution.

3. Sonicate until the candidate compound is completely dissolved.

4. Q.S. to 10.0 mL with 0.5% sodium bicarbonate/saline stock solutionand mix thoroughly.

Compounds of this invention were found to be active in this model.Additionally, using a conventional oral formula, a compound of thisinvention was active in this model.

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound of formula I:

wherein R¹ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bonded to R² and theSO₂ group bonded to R¹ are joined to form a heterocyclic group orsubstituted heterocyclic group; R³ is selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substitutedcycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic; R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′)where R^(5′) is selected from the group consisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R^(8′) and—O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, andwhere R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form a heterocycle or a substitutedheterocycle, R¹² is selected from the group consisting of heterocycleand substituted heterocycle, and Z is selected from the group consistingof —C(O)— and —SO₂—, Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl orsubstituted heteroaryl, x is an integer of from 1 to 4; Q is —C(X)NR⁷—wherein R⁷ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl;and X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; andpharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 2. A compound of formula IA:

wherein R¹ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bonded to R² and theSO₂ group bonded to R¹ are joined to form a heterocyclic group orsubstituted heterocyclic group; R³ is selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substitutedcycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic; R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′)and R^(5′) is selected from the group consisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R^(8′) and—O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, andwhere R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form a heterocycle or a substitutedheterocycle, R¹² is selected from the group consisting of heterocycleand substituted heterocycle, and Z is selected from the group consistingof —C(O)— and —SO₂—, Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl orsubstituted heteroaryl, x is an integer of from 1 to 4; R⁶ is selectedfrom the group consisting of amino, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy,cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, —O—(N-succinimidyl),—NH-adamantyl, —O-cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —NHOY where Y is hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl, —NH(CH₂)_(p)COOY where pis an integer of from 1 to 8 and Y is as defined above, —OCH₂NR⁹R¹⁰where R⁹ is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-aryl and—C(O)-substituted aryl and R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and —CH₂COOR¹¹ where R¹¹ is alkyl, and —NHSO₂Z′ where Z′ isalkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic; Q is —C(X)NR⁷— wherein R⁷ is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; and X is selected from the groupconsisting of oxygen and sulfur; and pharmaceutically acceptable saltsthereof with the following proviso that (A) when R¹ and R² together withthe SO₂ group pendent to R¹ and the nitrogen pendent to R² form asaccharin-2-yl group, R³ is —CH₃, R⁵ is p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl and Q is—C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃.
 3. A compound according to claims 1or 2 wherein R³ is selected from the group consisting of methyl, phenyl,benzyl, diphenylmethyl, —CH₂CH₂—COOH, —CH₂—COOH, 2-amidoethyl,iso-butyl, t-butyl, —CH₂O-benzyl and hydroxymethyl.
 4. A compoundaccording to claim 3 wherein R⁶ is selected from the group consisting of2,4-dioxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl (3,4-enol), methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy,isopropoxy, n-butoxy, t-butoxy, cyclopentoxy, cyclopropylmethoxy,neopentoxy, 2-α-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy,2-β-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy, 2-methoxyphenoxy,2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy, —O(CH₂CH₂O)₂CH₃, 2-(phenoxy)ethoxy,—OCH₂C(CH₃)₂NHBoc, —NH₂, benzyloxy, —NHCH₂COOH, —NHCH₂CH₂COOH, —NH—adamantyl, —NHSO₂-p-CH₃-φ, —NHCH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃, —NHOY′ where Y′ ishydrogen, methyl, iso-propyl or benzyl, —O—(N-succinimidyl),—O-cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —OCH₂—OC(O)C(CH₃)₃, —O(CH₂)_(z)NHC(O)W where zis 1 or 2 and W is selected from the group consisting of pyrid-3-yl,N-methylpyridyl, and N-methyl-1,4-dihydro-pyrid-3-yl, —NR″C(O)—R′ whereR′ is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic and R″ is hydrogen or—CH₂C(O)OCH₂CH₃.
 5. A compound according to claims 1 or 2 wherein Q is—C(O)NH— or —C(S)NH—.
 6. A compound according to claims 1 or 2 whereinAr is aryl or substituted aryl.
 7. A compound according to claim 6wherein Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl and x is
 1. 8. A compoundaccording to claim 1 or 2 wherein R⁵ is selected from the groupconsisting of 3-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl, 4-[(piperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(piperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(1′-methylpiperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-formyloxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-carboxylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(3′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-phenyl-1′-Boc-piperidin-4′-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-piperidon-1′-yl ethylene ketal)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(piperazin-4′-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(1′-Boc-piperazin-4′-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methylhomopiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-phenylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-acetylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyridin-4-ylC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(S)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl-C(O)O-)benzyl,4-[(4′-trifluoromethanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl-C(O)O—)benzyl,4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-nitro-4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-ylsulfone)—C(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-methylpyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(methoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(N-methyl-N-toluene-4-sulfonylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)N—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(morpholin-4′-yl)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[bis(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(formyloxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(CH₃OC(O)CH₂)HNC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[2′-(phenylNHC(O)O—)ethyl-]HNC(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, and3-fluoro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl.
 9. A compound selected from the groupconsisting of:2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionoyl-L-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionyl-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanine2-(saccharin-2-yl)propionyl-L-4-(4′-methylpiperazin-1-ylcarbonyloxy)phenylalanineN-[2-(1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1,2-benzisothiazol-2-yl)acetyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineN-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalaninetert-butyl ester N-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-4-(NN-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineN-[2-(N-2,10-camphorsultamyl)acetyl]-L-3-chloro-4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamyloxy)phenylalanineisopropyl ester and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as well asany of the ester compounds recited above wherein one ester is replacedwith another ester selected from the group consisting of methyl ester,ethyl ester, n-propyl ester, isopropyl ester, n-butyl ester, isobutylester, sec-butyl ester, tert-butyl ester and neopentyl ester.
 10. Apharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptablecarrier and a compound of formula I:

wherein R¹ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bonded to R² and theSO₂ group bonded to R¹ are joined to form a heterocyclic group orsubstituted heterocyclic group; R³ is selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substitutedcycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic; R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′)where R^(5′) is selected from the group consisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R^(8′) and—O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, andwhere R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form a heterocycle or a substitutedheterocycle, R¹² is selected from the group consisting of heterocycleand substituted heterocycle, and Z is selected from the group consistingof —C(O)— and —SO₂—, Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl orsubstituted heteroaryl, x is an integer of from 1 to 4; Q is —C(X)NR⁷—wherein R⁷ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl;and X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur; andpharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 11. A pharmaceuticalcomposition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and acompound of formula IA:

wherein R¹ and R² together with the nitrogen atom bonded to R² and theSO₂ group bonded to R¹ are joined to form a heterocyclic group orsubstituted heterocyclic group; R³ is selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substitutedcycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,heterocyclic and substituted heterocyclic; R⁵ is —(CH₂)_(x)—Ar—R^(5′)and R^(5′) is selected from the group consisting of —O—Z—NR⁸R^(8′) and—O—Z—R¹² wherein R⁸ and R^(8′) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl,substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, andwhere R⁸ and R^(8′) are joined to form a heterocycle or a substitutedheterocycle, R¹² is selected from the group consisting of heterocycleand substituted heterocycle, and Z is selected from the group consistingof —C(O)— and —SO₂—, Ar is aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl orsubstituted heteroaryl, x is an integer of from 1 to 4; R⁶ is selectedfrom the group consisting of amino, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy,cycloalkoxy, substituted cycloalkoxy, —O—(N-succinimidyl),—NH-adamantyl, —O-cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —NHOY where Y is hydrogen, alkyl,substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl, —NH(CH₂)_(p)COOY where pis an integer of from 1 to 8 and Y is as defined above, —OCH₂NR⁹R¹⁰where R⁹ is selected from the group consisting of —C(O)-aryl and—C(O)-substituted aryl and R¹⁰ is selected from the group consisting ofhydrogen and —CH₂COOR¹¹ where R¹¹ is alkyl, and —NHSO₂Z′ where Z′ isalkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aryl,substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocyclic andsubstituted heterocyclic; Q is —C(X)NR⁷— wherein R⁷ is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; and X is selected from the groupconsisting of oxygen and sulfur; and pharmaceutically acceptable saltsthereof with the following proviso that when R¹ and R² together with theSO₂ group pendent to R¹ and the nitrogen pendent to R² form asaccharin-2-yl group, R³ is —CH₃, R⁵ is p-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl and Q is—C(O)NH— then R⁶ is not —OC(CH₃)₃.
 12. A pharmaceutical compositionaccording to claims 10 or 11 wherein R³ is selected from the groupconsisting of methyl, phenyl, benzyl, diphenylmethyl, —CH₂CH₂—COOH,—CH₂—COOH, 2-amidoethyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl, —CH₂O-benzyl andhydroxymethyl.
 13. A pharmaceutical composition according to claims 10or 11 wherein Q is —C(O)NH— or —C(S)NH—.
 14. A pharmaceuticalcomposition according to claims 10 or 11 wherein Ar is aryl orsubstituted aryl.
 15. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 14wherein Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl and x is
 1. 16. Apharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 or 11 wherein R⁵ isselected from the group consisting of 3-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(CH₃)₂NS(O)₂O-]benzyl,4-[(piperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(piperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(1′-methylpiperidin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-hydroxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-formyloxypiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-carboxylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(3′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-hydroxymethylpiperidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-phenyl-1′-Boc-piperidin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-piperidon-1′-yl ethylene ketal)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(piperazin-4′-yl)-C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(1′-Boc-piperazin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methylhomopiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-phenylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-acetylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(pyridin-4-ylC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(O)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-(phenylNHC(S)—)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(4′-methanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl-C(O)O—)benzyl,4-[(4′-trifluoromethanesulfonylpiperazin-1′-yl—C(O)O—)benzyl,4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-nitro-4-[(morpholin-4′-yl)—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-ylsulfone)—C(O)O-]benzyl, 4-[(pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-methylpyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(methoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(N-methyl-N-toluene-4-sulfonylamino)ethyl)(CH₃)N—C(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(morpholin-4′-yl)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[bis(2′-(hydroxy)ethyl)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(2′-(formyloxy)ethyl)(CH₃)NC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[(CH₃OC(O)CH₂)HNC(O)O-]benzyl,4-[2′-(phenylNHC(O)O-)ethyl-]HNC(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(4′-methylpiperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(4′-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl,3-chloro-4-[(thiomorpholin-4′-yl)C(O)O-]benzyl, and3-fluoro-4-[(CH₃)₂NC(O)O-]benzyl.
 17. A pharmaceutical compositionaccording to claim 16 wherein R⁶ is selected from the group consistingof 2,4-dioxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl (3,4-enol), methoxy, ethoxy,n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, t-butoxy, cyclopentoxy,cyclopropylmethoxy, neopentoxy, 2-α-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy,2-β-isopropyl-4-β-methylcyclohexoxy, 2-methoxyphenoxy,2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy, —O(CH₂CH₂O)₂CH₃, 2-(phenoxy)ethoxy,—OCH₂C(CH₃)₂NHBoc, —NH₂, benzyloxy, —NHCH₂COOH, —NHCH₂CH₂COOH,—NH-adamantyl, —NHSO₂-p-CH₃-φ, —NHCH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃, —NHOY′ where Y′ ishydrogen, methyl, iso-propyl or benzyl, —O—(N-succinimidyl), —O—cholest-5-en-3-β-yl, —OCH₂—OC(O)C(CH₃)₃, —O(CH₂)_(z)NHC(O)W where z is 1or 2 and W is selected from the group consisting of pyrid-3-yl,N-methylpyridyl, and N-methyl-1,4-dihydro-pyrid-3-yl, —NR″C(O)—R′ whereR′ is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic and R″ is hydrogen or—CH₂C(O)OCH₂CH₃.
 18. A method for binding VLA-4 (very late antigen-4) ina biological sample which method comprises contacting the biologicalsample with a compound of claim 1 or 2 under conditions wherein saidcompound binds to VLA-4.